AI ASSISTANT
Ask DrugCentral
Explore drug properties, targets, and indications with answers grounded in DrugCentral.
Powered by DrugCentral + retrieval-augmented AIYour question
Ask in your own words. Each question is answered independently.
Explore sample questions
Select a question to fill the editor, then ask it or make it your own.
DrugCentral answer
Your answer will appear here. Open linked drug cards in a new tab to explore the source details.
About Ask DrugCentral
Ask DrugCentral helps you explore drug properties, biological targets, and indications using natural language. Sample questions offer starting points, and linked drug cards let you check the underlying records.
General architecture
- Ask a questionThe browser sends your question to the same-origin Django chat API.
- Retrieve and generateThe API forwards the question to the configured DrugCentral retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) service, which returns an AI-generated answer.
- Explore the answerThe app resolves cited drug-card names and displays the answer with links to drug records.
Using the assistant
Each request is independent; previous questions are not sent as conversation history. You can edit a sample before submitting, retry a failed request, or switch back to normal search. Drug links open in a new tab so your question and answer stay available.
Answers may contain mistakes or omit information. Verify details against DrugCentral records and original sources.
AI can make mistakes. Verify answers against the original sources before relying on them.
flucytosine 🐶 Veterinary Use | Indications/Contra | FAERs-F | FAERs-M | Orange Bk | PK/Tox | Related Drugs | BioActivity |
| Stem definition | Drug id | CAS RN |
|---|---|---|
| 1188 | 2022-85-7 |
Description:
| Molecule | Description |
|---|---|
|
Synonyms:
|
A fluorinated cytosine analog that is used as an antifungal agent.
Legend: OFP - off patent OFM - off market ONP - on patent |
Drug dosage:
| Dose | Unit | Route |
|---|---|---|
| 10 | g | O |
| 10 | g | P |
ADMET properties:
| Property | Value | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| BDDCS (Biopharmaceutical Drug Disposition Classification System) | 3 | Benet LZ, Broccatelli F, Oprea TI |
| S (Water solubility) | 15 mg/mL | Benet LZ, Broccatelli F, Oprea TI |
| EoM (Fraction excreted unchanged in urine) | 99 % | Benet LZ, Broccatelli F, Oprea TI |
| MRTD (Maximum Recommended Therapeutic Daily Dose) | 1161.94 µM/kg/day | Contrera JF, Matthews EJ, Kruhlak NL, Benz RD |
| BA (Bioavailability) | 84 % | Kim MT, Sedykh A, Chakravarti SK, Saiakhov RD, Zhu H |
| Vd (Volume of distribution) | 0.68 L/kg | Lombardo F, Berellini G, Obach RS |
| CL (Clearance) | 2 mL/min/kg | Lombardo F, Berellini G, Obach RS |
| fu (Fraction unbound in plasma) | 1 % | Lombardo F, Berellini G, Obach RS |
| t_half (Half-life) | 4.20 hours | Lombardo F, Berellini G, Obach RS |
Predicted pharmacokinetic/toxicological properties (PK-AZ):
| Property | Description | Value | Unit | Confidence | Similarity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| kinase-safety-class | ACVR2A,ACVR2B,AXL,BRAF,CAMK2D,CDK5,CDK9,DDR1,DYRK1B,EIF2AK3,ERBB2,FLT3,GRK2,ITK,JAK1,MAP3K21,MAP4K1,MAPK7,NTRK1,NTRK2,PDK1,PDK2,PRKCD,PRKDC,SIK2,SIK3,STK33,TEK,ULK1 | 29 | |||
| kinase-selectivity-class | ACVR2A,ACVR2B,AXL,CDK9,GRK2,GSK3A,MAP2K3,MAP3K14,MAP3K21,MAPK7,SIK2,STK33,TEK | 13 | |||
| pfas-class | PFAS structural alert (1 = True, 0 = False) | 0 |
Approvals:
| Date | Agency | Company | Orphan |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nov. 26, 1971 | FDA | VALEANT |
FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (Female)
| MedDRA adverse event term | Likelihood ratio | Likelihood ratio threshold | Patients taking drug having adverse event | Patients taking drug not having adverse event | Patients not taking drug having adverse event | Patients not taking drug not having adverse event |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome | 146.76 | 55.39 | 29 | 861 | 6990 | 90620567 |
| Drug ineffective | 145.76 | 55.39 | 113 | 777 | 1384185 | 89243372 |
| Cryptococcosis | 82.40 | 55.39 | 14 | 876 | 1457 | 90626100 |
| Meningitis cryptococcal | 59.65 | 55.39 | 11 | 879 | 1822 | 90625735 |
FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (Male)
| MedDRA adverse event term | Likelihood ratio | Likelihood ratio threshold | Patients taking drug having adverse event | Patients taking drug not having adverse event | Patients not taking drug having adverse event | Patients not taking drug not having adverse event |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Drug ineffective | 285.51 | 43.76 | 237 | 1871 | 629960 | 41989267 |
| Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome | 272.38 | 43.76 | 69 | 2039 | 10074 | 42609153 |
| Meningitis cryptococcal | 101.23 | 43.76 | 25 | 2083 | 3258 | 42615969 |
| Cryptococcosis | 81.84 | 43.76 | 21 | 2087 | 3190 | 42616037 |
| Disseminated cryptococcosis | 81.81 | 43.76 | 19 | 2089 | 1906 | 42617321 |
| Ischaemic stroke | 57.49 | 43.76 | 26 | 2082 | 22207 | 42597020 |
| Intracranial pressure increased | 56.36 | 43.76 | 17 | 2091 | 4657 | 42614570 |
| Cerebral cyst | 55.01 | 43.76 | 10 | 2098 | 295 | 42618932 |
| Cerebral ventricle collapse | 48.79 | 43.76 | 8 | 2100 | 126 | 42619101 |
FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (Geriatric)
| MedDRA adverse event term | Likelihood ratio | Likelihood ratio threshold | Patients taking drug having adverse event | Patients taking drug not having adverse event | Patients not taking drug having adverse event | Patients not taking drug not having adverse event |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Drug ineffective | 428.92 | 39.15 | 343 | 2769 | 1520197 | 109065990 |
| Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome | 424.76 | 39.15 | 97 | 3015 | 16129 | 110570058 |
| Cryptococcosis | 161.09 | 39.15 | 35 | 3077 | 4596 | 110581591 |
| Meningitis cryptococcal | 149.02 | 39.15 | 33 | 3079 | 4729 | 110581458 |
| Disseminated cryptococcosis | 114.68 | 39.15 | 24 | 3088 | 2633 | 110583554 |
| Drug ineffective for unapproved indication | 68.17 | 39.15 | 40 | 3072 | 102798 | 110483389 |
| Ischaemic stroke | 65.61 | 39.15 | 29 | 3083 | 41234 | 110544953 |
| Acute kidney injury | 64.55 | 39.15 | 84 | 3028 | 635346 | 109950841 |
| Renal impairment | 61.13 | 39.15 | 47 | 3065 | 188398 | 110397789 |
| Intracranial pressure increased | 60.40 | 39.15 | 19 | 3093 | 10516 | 110575671 |
| Renal failure | 57.60 | 39.15 | 49 | 3063 | 226525 | 110359662 |
| Cerebral cyst | 55.81 | 39.15 | 10 | 3102 | 484 | 110585703 |
| Osteomyelitis fungal | 50.64 | 39.15 | 9 | 3103 | 416 | 110585771 |
| Cerebral ventricle collapse | 50.63 | 39.15 | 8 | 3104 | 179 | 110586008 |
| Muscle abscess | 44.94 | 39.15 | 10 | 3102 | 1459 | 110584728 |
| Liver transplant failure | 44.46 | 39.15 | 7 | 3105 | 153 | 110586034 |
| Central nervous system lesion | 42.06 | 39.15 | 16 | 3096 | 15537 | 110570650 |
| Cerebral infarction | 41.97 | 39.15 | 23 | 3089 | 51815 | 110534372 |
| Brain oedema | 40.41 | 39.15 | 19 | 3093 | 31079 | 110555108 |
| Drug resistance | 40.16 | 39.15 | 23 | 3089 | 56351 | 110529836 |
| Pneumonia cryptococcal | 39.49 | 39.15 | 10 | 3102 | 2532 | 110583655 |
FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (Pediatric)
None
Pharmacologic Action:
| Source | Code | Description |
|---|---|---|
| ATC | D01AE21 | DERMATOLOGICALS ANTIFUNGALS FOR DERMATOLOGICAL USE ANTIFUNGALS FOR TOPICAL USE Other antifungals for topical use |
| ATC | J02AX01 | ANTIINFECTIVES FOR SYSTEMIC USE ANTIMYCOTICS FOR SYSTEMIC USE ANTIMYCOTICS FOR SYSTEMIC USE Other antimycotics for systemic use |
| FDA EXT | N0000175459 | Nucleoside Analog |
| FDA EPC | N0000175467 | Nucleoside Analog Antifungal |
| MeSH PA | D000890 | Anti-Infective Agents |
| MeSH PA | D000935 | Antifungal Agents |
| MeSH PA | D000963 | Antimetabolites |
| CHEBI has role | CHEBI:33281 | antimicrobial agent |
| CHEBI has role | CHEBI:35441 | antiinfective agent |
| CHEBI has role | CHEBI:35610 | antineoplastic agent |
| CHEBI has role | CHEBI:35674 | antihypertensive agent |
| CHEBI has role | CHEBI:50266 | prodrug |
Related Drugs by ATC class:
D01AE Other antifungals for topical use 23 drugs
J02AX Other antimycotics for systemic use 5 drugs
Drug Use | Suggest Off label Use Form| |View source of the data|
| Disease | Relation | SNOMED_ID | DOID |
|---|---|---|---|
| Systemic Cryptococcosis Treatment Adjunct | indication | ||
| Synergy for Candida Infection | indication | ||
| Systemic Candidiasis Treatment Adjunct | indication | ||
| Candidal Urinary Tract Infection | indication | ||
| Synergy for Cryptococcal Infection | indication | ||
| Chromoblastomycosis | off-label use | 187079000 | |
| Hypokalemia | contraindication | 43339004 | |
| Leukopenia | contraindication | 84828003 | DOID:615 |
| Kidney disease | contraindication | 90708001 | DOID:557 |
| Radiation oncology AND/OR radiotherapy | contraindication | 108290001 | |
| Liver function tests abnormal | contraindication | 166603001 | |
| Disease of liver | contraindication | 235856003 | DOID:409 |
| Aplastic anemia due to drugs | contraindication | 267527002 | |
| Thrombocytopenic disorder | contraindication | 302215000 | DOID:1588 |
| Bone marrow depression | contraindication | 307762000 | |
| Breastfeeding (mother) | contraindication | 413712001 | |
| Granulocytopenic disorder | contraindication | 417672002 |
🐶 Veterinary Drug Use
None
🐶 Veterinary products
None
Acid dissociation constants calculated using MoKa v3.0.0
| Dissociation level | Dissociation constant | Type (acidic/basic) |
|---|---|---|
| pKa1 | 10.56 | acidic |
| pKa2 | 2.7 | Basic |
Orange Book patent data (new drug applications)
None
Orange Book exclusivity data (new drug applications)
None
Bioactivity Summary:
| Target | Class | Pharos | UniProt | Action | Type | Activity value (-log[M]) | Mechanism action | Bioact source | MoA source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A | GPCR | IC50 | 5.10 | WOMBAT-PK | |||||
| Thymidylate synthase | Enzyme | INHIBITOR | CHEMBL | CHEMBL | |||||
| Thymidylate synthase | Enzyme | INHIBITOR | DRUGBANK | CHEMBL | |||||
| ATP-dependent molecular chaperone HSP82 | Cytosolic other | EC50 | 6.15 | WOMBAT-PK |
External reference:
| ID | Source |
|---|---|
| 4017792 | VUID |
| N0000146153 | NUI |
| D00323 | KEGG_DRUG |
| 4017792 | VANDF |
| C0016278 | UMLSCUI |
| CHEBI:5100 | CHEBI |
| 1LD | PDB_CHEM_ID |
| CHEMBL1463 | ChEMBL_ID |
| 3366 | PUBCHEM_CID |
| DB01099 | DRUGBANK_ID |
| D005437 | MESH_DESCRIPTOR_UI |
| 2729 | INN_ID |
| D83282DT06 | UNII |
| 227633 | RXNORM |
| 186215 | MMSL |
| 4733 | MMSL |
| 525 | MMSL |
| d00038 | MMSL |
| 002898 | NDDF |
| 28506006 | SNOMEDCT_US |
| 387155003 | SNOMEDCT_US |
Pharmaceutical products:
| Product | Category | Ingredients | NDC | Form | Quantity | Route | Marketing | Label |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ANCOBON | HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL | 1 | 0187-3554 | CAPSULE | 250 mg | ORAL | NDA | 23 sections |
| ANCOBON | HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL | 1 | 0187-3555 | CAPSULE | 500 mg | ORAL | NDA | 23 sections |
| Flucytosine | HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL | 1 | 0904-6834 | CAPSULE | 250 mg | ORAL | ANDA | 19 sections |
| Flucytosine | HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL | 1 | 0904-6835 | CAPSULE | 500 mg | ORAL | ANDA | 19 sections |
| Flucytosine | HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL | 1 | 23155-860 | CAPSULE | 250 mg | ORAL | ANDA | 13 sections |
| Flucytosine | HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL | 1 | 23155-860 | CAPSULE | 250 mg | ORAL | ANDA | 13 sections |
| Flucytosine | HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL | 1 | 23155-861 | CAPSULE | 500 mg | ORAL | ANDA | 13 sections |
| Flucytosine | HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL | 1 | 23155-861 | CAPSULE | 500 mg | ORAL | ANDA | 13 sections |
| Flucytosine | HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL | 1 | 40032-770 | CAPSULE | 500 mg | ORAL | ANDA | 18 sections |
| Flucytosine | HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL | 1 | 40032-771 | CAPSULE | 250 mg | ORAL | ANDA | 18 sections |
| Flucytosine | Human Prescription Drug Label | 1 | 42385-983 | CAPSULE | 250 mg | ORAL | ANDA | 12 sections |
| Flucytosine | Human Prescription Drug Label | 1 | 42385-984 | CAPSULE | 500 mg | ORAL | ANDA | 12 sections |
| Flucytosine | HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL | 1 | 42794-009 | CAPSULE | 250 mg | ORAL | ANDA | 14 sections |
| Flucytosine | HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL | 1 | 42794-010 | CAPSULE | 500 mg | ORAL | ANDA | 14 sections |
| Flucytosine | HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL | 1 | 43386-770 | CAPSULE | 500 mg | ORAL | ANDA | 18 sections |
| Flucytosine | HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL | 1 | 43386-771 | CAPSULE | 250 mg | ORAL | ANDA | 18 sections |
| Flucytosine | HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL | 1 | 50268-331 | CAPSULE | 250 mg | ORAL | ANDA | 18 sections |
| Flucytosine | HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL | 1 | 50268-332 | CAPSULE | 500 mg | ORAL | ANDA | 18 sections |
| FLUCYTOSINE | Human Prescription Drug Label | 1 | 59651-331 | CAPSULE | 250 mg | ORAL | ANDA | 21 sections |
| FLUCYTOSINE | Human Prescription Drug Label | 1 | 59651-332 | CAPSULE | 500 mg | ORAL | ANDA | 21 sections |
| Flucytosine | HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL | 1 | 60687-599 | CAPSULE | 250 mg | ORAL | ANDA | 21 sections |
| Flucytosine | HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL | 1 | 60687-610 | CAPSULE | 500 mg | ORAL | ANDA | 21 sections |
| Flucytosine | HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL | 1 | 64380-897 | CAPSULE | 250 mg | ORAL | ANDA | 13 sections |
| Flucytosine | HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL | 1 | 64380-898 | CAPSULE | 500 mg | ORAL | ANDA | 13 sections |
| Flucytosine | HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL | 1 | 68151-0084 | CAPSULE | 250 mg | ORAL | ANDA | 14 sections |