vildagliptin 🐶 Veterinary Use | Indications/Contra | FAERs-F | FAERs-M | Orange Bk | PK/Tox | Related Drugs | BioActivity |

Stem definitionDrug idCAS RN
dipeptidyl aminopeptidase-IV inhibitors 3642 274901-16-5

Description:

MoleculeDescription

Molfile Inchi Smiles

Synonyms:

  • xiliarx
  • galvus
  • vildagliptin
  • jalra
  • NVP-LAF237
  • vildagliptin hydrochloride
  • vildagliptin HCl
A pyrrolidine-carbonitrile derivative and potent inhibitor of DIPEPTIDYL PEPTIDASE 4 that is used in the treatment of TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS.
  • Molecular weight: 303.41
  • Formula: C17H25N3O2
  • CLOGP: 0.97
  • LIPINSKI: 0
  • HAC: 5
  • HDO: 2
  • TPSA: 76.36
  • ALOGS: -2.24
  • ROTB: 3

Drug dosage:

DoseUnitRoute
0.10 g O

ADMET properties:

PropertyValueReference
BA (Bioavailability) 85 % Kim MT, Sedykh A, Chakravarti SK, Saiakhov RD, Zhu H
Vd (Volume of distribution) 1.03 L/kg Lombardo F, Berellini G, Obach RS
CL (Clearance) 9.90 mL/min/kg Lombardo F, Berellini G, Obach RS
fu (Fraction unbound in plasma) 0.89 % Lombardo F, Berellini G, Obach RS
t_half (Half-life) 1.67 hours Lombardo F, Berellini G, Obach RS
S (Water solubility) 60 mg/mL Bocci G, Oprea TI, Benet LZ
BDDCS (Biopharmaceutical Drug Disposition Classification System) 1 Bocci G, Oprea TI, Benet LZ

Predicted pharmacokinetic/toxicological properties (PK-AZ):

PropertyDescriptionValueUnitConfidenceSimilarity
azlogd74 LogD at pH 7.4 -0.215 High 1
caco2-efflux Caco-2 efflux ratio (BA/AB) 4.624 High 1
caco2-intrinsic-papp Caco-2 intrinsic apparent permeability 2.051 10^-6 cm/s High 1
dh-clint Dog hepatocyte intrinsic clearance 2.399 uL/min/10^6 cells High 1
dppb Dog plasma protein binding (% unbound) 78.720 % High 1
fcs-ppb Fetal calf serum protein binding (% unbound) 76.600 % High 1
herg hERG pIC50 4.159 pIC50 High 1
hh-clint Human hepatocyte intrinsic clearance 1.361 uL/min/10^6 cells High 1
hlm-clint Human liver microsomal intrinsic clearance 3.311 uL/min/mg protein High 1
hppb Human plasma protein binding (% unbound) 77.660 % High 1
kinase-safety-class EIF2AK3,GRK2,PDK1,PDK2,PDK4 5
mdck-mdr1-efflux MDCK-MDR1 efflux ratio 2.328 High 1
mh-clint Mouse hepatocyte intrinsic clearance 3.041 High 1
mppb Mouse plasma protein binding (% unbound) 84.870 High 1
nih-mdck-mdr1-efflux NIH MDCK-MDR1 efflux ratio 4.315 High 1
pfas-class PFAS structural alert (1 = True, 0 = False) 0
pppb Pig plasma protein binding (% unbound) 84.720 % High 1
rh-clint Rat hepatocyte intrinsic clearance 1.742 uL/min/10^6 cells High 1
rh-fuinc Rat hepatocyte fraction unbound in incubation 89.950 % High 1
rppb Rat plasma protein binding (% unbound) 82.750 % High 1
solubility-dd Solubility at pH 7.4 in DMSO 887.156 uM High 1

Approvals:

DateAgencyCompanyOrphan
Sept. 26, 2007 EMA

FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (Female)

MedDRA adverse event termLikelihood ratioLikelihood ratio thresholdPatients taking drug having adverse eventPatients taking drug not having adverse eventPatients not taking drug having adverse eventPatients not taking drug not having adverse event
Pemphigoid 1164.39 23.42 230 5275 8796 90614146
Lactic acidosis 291.55 23.42 111 5394 50352 90572590
Acute kidney injury 196.23 23.42 159 5346 320228 90302714
Hypoglycaemia 165.64 23.42 82 5423 69766 90553176
Compartment syndrome 145.07 23.42 34 5471 2878 90620064
Euglycaemic diabetic ketoacidosis 93.09 23.42 28 5477 6173 90616769
Diabetes mellitus inadequate control 72.75 23.42 31 5474 18653 90604289
Glycosylated haemoglobin increased 67.89 23.42 28 5477 15534 90607408
Dermatitis bullous 67.84 23.42 25 5480 10291 90612651
Hyperkalaemia 63.79 23.42 43 5462 64921 90558021
Shock 62.86 23.42 32 5473 28746 90594196
Ketoacidosis 61.87 23.42 20 5485 5575 90617367
Hyperglycaemia 60.49 23.42 38 5467 50932 90572010
Drug interaction 55.86 23.42 76 5429 276377 90346565
Crush syndrome 52.81 23.42 10 5495 299 90622643
Sensorimotor disorder 49.34 23.42 11 5494 744 90622198
Altered state of consciousness 49.08 23.42 28 5477 31504 90591438
Renal impairment 47.34 23.42 44 5461 105377 90517565
Diabetic ketoacidosis 47.16 23.42 25 5480 24382 90598560
Acute generalised exanthematous pustulosis 44.45 23.42 20 5485 13683 90609259
Polymyalgia rheumatica 43.89 23.42 15 5490 4962 90617980
Eosinophilia 43.51 23.42 25 5480 28508 90594434
Blood glucose increased 41.31 23.42 39 5466 95207 90527735
Rhabdomyolysis 41.14 23.42 30 5475 51226 90571716
Intentional overdose 39.89 23.42 38 5467 93796 90529146
Cerebral infarction 39.74 23.42 23 5482 26573 90596369
Overdose 39.07 23.42 48 5457 157661 90465281
Diabetic metabolic decompensation 38.93 23.42 11 5494 1946 90620996
Hypomagnesaemia 38.41 23.42 25 5480 35563 90587379
Pancreatitis acute 38.23 23.42 24 5481 32091 90590851
Ischaemic stroke 38.07 23.42 21 5484 22145 90600797
Angioedema 36.95 23.42 31 5474 64845 90558097
Language disorder 35.63 23.42 11 5494 2641 90620301
Thrombocytosis 35.36 23.42 14 5491 6987 90615955
Hyperparathyroidism secondary 35.27 23.42 10 5495 1791 90621151
Capillary leak syndrome 35.17 23.42 11 5494 2756 90620186
Anuria 33.88 23.42 17 5488 14801 90608141
Hyperphosphataemia 32.00 23.42 11 5494 3700 90619242
Urine ketone body present 31.83 23.42 10 5495 2542 90620400
Inflammatory marker increased 31.65 23.42 14 5491 9200 90613742
Hypoparathyroidism 31.10 23.42 8 5497 993 90621949
Bladder sphincter atony 30.45 23.42 6 5499 222 90622720
Blood phosphorus increased 30.37 23.42 11 5494 4307 90618635
Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms 29.80 23.42 23 5482 42735 90580207
Cardiac failure acute 28.20 23.42 14 5491 11915 90611027
Coma 26.37 23.42 27 5478 72605 90550337
Cutaneous lupus erythematosus 25.95 23.42 9 5496 3109 90619833
Haemodynamic instability 25.47 23.42 13 5492 11726 90611216
Hypotension 25.43 23.42 59 5446 325338 90297604
Disseminated intravascular coagulation 25.39 23.42 16 5489 21522 90601420
Subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus 24.73 23.42 9 5496 3573 90619369
Acquired perforating dermatosis 24.05 23.42 3 5502 3 90622939

FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (Male)

MedDRA adverse event termLikelihood ratioLikelihood ratio thresholdPatients taking drug having adverse eventPatients taking drug not having adverse eventPatients not taking drug having adverse eventPatients not taking drug not having adverse event
Pemphigoid 975.41 19.64 247 6432 11220 42603436
Diabetes mellitus inadequate control 95.14 19.64 47 6632 15343 42599313
Hypoglycaemia 88.54 19.64 74 6605 59780 42554876
Cardiac failure 75.14 19.64 88 6591 106768 42507888
Hyperglycaemia 70.50 19.64 58 6621 45801 42568855
Glycosylated haemoglobin increased 66.85 19.64 35 6644 12889 42601767
Lactic acidosis 62.87 19.64 54 6625 45207 42569449
Cerebral infarction 62.17 19.64 46 6633 31123 42583533
Acute kidney injury 53.83 19.64 152 6527 367185 42247471
Pancreatic carcinoma 49.88 19.64 26 6653 9480 42605176
Euglycaemic diabetic ketoacidosis 49.56 19.64 22 6657 5638 42609018
Ketonuria 40.38 19.64 11 6668 653 42614003
Drug interaction 38.52 19.64 110 6569 266889 42347767
Interstitial lung disease 35.40 19.64 52 6627 78410 42536246
Diabetic ketoacidosis 33.73 19.64 28 6651 22339 42592317
Eosinophilia 33.48 19.64 33 6646 32866 42581790
Ketoacidosis 32.03 19.64 16 6663 5336 42609320
Hyperkalaemia 31.60 19.64 50 6629 80408 42534248
Polycythaemia 31.12 19.64 13 6666 2873 42611783
MELAS syndrome 30.47 19.64 6 6673 82 42614574
Bone marrow oedema 28.78 19.64 9 6670 868 42613788
Hyperinsulinaemia 28.52 19.64 6 6673 116 42614540
Orbital oedema 26.13 19.64 6 6673 176 42614480
Intercepted medication error 24.35 19.64 7 6672 506 42614150
Agnosia 23.55 19.64 5 6674 101 42614555
Toxicity to various agents 23.21 19.64 4 6675 229132 42385524
Renal impairment 22.67 19.64 52 6627 110176 42504480
Altered state of consciousness 22.02 19.64 25 6654 29234 42585422
Blister 21.56 19.64 24 6655 27466 42587190
Heart rate abnormal 20.56 19.64 9 6670 2230 42612426
Fatigue 20.40 19.64 23 6656 435618 42179038
Dermatitis bullous 20.34 19.64 14 6665 8442 42606214
Toxic skin eruption 20.31 19.64 17 6662 13713 42600943
Blister rupture 20.20 19.64 5 6674 203 42614453
Urinary tract candidiasis 19.94 19.64 6 6673 509 42614147
Food intolerance 19.69 19.64 8 6671 1648 42613008

FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (Geriatric)

MedDRA adverse event termLikelihood ratioLikelihood ratio thresholdPatients taking drug having adverse eventPatients taking drug not having adverse eventPatients not taking drug having adverse eventPatients not taking drug not having adverse event
Pemphigoid 2074.41 17.71 471 11705 19236 110557887
Lactic acidosis 294.07 17.71 161 12015 92650 110484473
Hypoglycaemia 237.90 17.71 152 12024 115952 110461171
Acute kidney injury 225.34 17.71 311 11865 635119 109942004
Hyperglycaemia 132.42 17.71 94 12082 84996 110492127
Euglycaemic diabetic ketoacidosis 130.99 17.71 49 12127 11574 110565549
Diabetes mellitus inadequate control 129.61 17.71 64 12112 29711 110547412
Glycosylated haemoglobin increased 106.47 17.71 52 12124 23567 110553556
Cerebral infarction 106.35 17.71 68 12108 51770 110525353
Hyperkalaemia 99.61 17.71 97 12079 135699 110441424
Drug interaction 93.72 17.71 184 11992 499999 110077124
Compartment syndrome 85.61 17.71 30 12146 5880 110571243
Ketoacidosis 83.49 17.71 34 12142 10053 110567070
Diabetic ketoacidosis 78.49 17.71 52 12124 42006 110535117
Dermatitis bullous 77.23 17.71 38 12138 17491 110559632
Eosinophilia 76.52 17.71 58 12118 57878 110519245
Cardiac failure 70.84 17.71 95 12081 187531 110389592
Renal impairment 65.98 17.71 92 12084 188353 110388770
Altered state of consciousness 65.94 17.71 53 12123 57573 110519550
Interstitial lung disease 57.93 17.71 74 12102 139260 110437863
Pancreatic carcinoma 50.34 17.71 27 12149 14845 110562278
Polycythaemia 48.88 17.71 17 12159 3258 110573865
Polymyalgia rheumatica 47.51 17.71 20 12156 6422 110570701
Blood glucose increased 45.32 17.71 64 12112 132432 110444691
Crush syndrome 44.43 17.71 10 12166 385 110576738
Thrombocytosis 41.17 17.71 21 12155 10423 110566700
Acetonaemia 40.87 17.71 10 12166 555 110576568
Ketonuria 40.13 17.71 12 12164 1423 110575700
Pain 39.03 17.71 29 12147 954926 109622197
Urine ketone body present 38.94 17.71 15 12161 3831 110573292
Sensorimotor disorder 38.04 17.71 11 12165 1161 110575962
Rhabdomyolysis 38.02 17.71 56 12120 120345 110456778
Joint swelling 37.48 17.71 3 12173 442842 110134281
Blister rupture 37.44 17.71 10 12166 788 110576335
Shock 36.87 17.71 37 12139 53551 110523572
Cardiac failure acute 36.04 17.71 26 12150 24052 110553071
Diabetic metabolic decompensation 35.26 17.71 14 12162 3875 110573248
Fatigue 34.92 17.71 50 12126 1215908 109361215
Pancreatitis acute 33.25 17.71 37 12139 60237 110516886
Hypomagnesaemia 33.21 17.71 37 12139 60333 110516790
Toxic skin eruption 32.94 17.71 26 12150 27489 110549634
Inflammatory marker increased 32.21 17.71 20 12156 14449 110562674
Anaemia 29.67 17.71 129 12047 546957 110030166
Diabetes mellitus 29.62 17.71 45 12131 99336 110477787
Hypersensitivity 28.62 17.71 5 12171 403993 110173130
Metabolic acidosis 28.10 17.71 44 12132 99700 110477423
Cardiac failure chronic 28.01 17.71 18 12158 13793 110563330
Drug hypersensitivity 27.41 17.71 8 12168 454082 110123041
Hypoglycaemic coma 27.40 17.71 13 12163 5520 110571603
Bladder sphincter atony 26.65 17.71 6 12170 231 110576892
Arthralgia 26.61 17.71 28 12148 779604 109797519
Ischaemic stroke 25.68 17.71 27 12149 41236 110535887
Swelling 25.63 17.71 4 12172 351037 110226086
Hyperinsulinaemia 25.51 17.71 6 12170 281 110576842
Language disorder 25.28 17.71 11 12165 3827 110573296
Intentional overdose 25.01 17.71 49 12127 132452 110444671
Acute generalised exanthematous pustulosis 24.93 17.71 20 12156 21644 110555479
Alopecia 24.79 17.71 5 12171 364748 110212375
MELAS syndrome 24.70 17.71 6 12170 323 110576800
Infusion related reaction 24.35 17.71 6 12170 381156 110195967
Contraindication to medical treatment 23.96 17.71 8 12168 1355 110575768
Bone marrow oedema 23.96 17.71 9 12167 2147 110574976
Hyperparathyroidism secondary 23.51 17.71 10 12166 3294 110573829
Hypoparathyroidism 23.06 17.71 8 12168 1522 110575601
Diabetic nephropathy 22.93 17.71 10 12166 3498 110573625
Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms 22.82 17.71 36 12140 82059 110495064
Capillary leak syndrome 22.69 17.71 11 12165 4897 110572226
Anal incontinence 22.60 17.71 19 12157 21945 110555178
Orbital oedema 21.94 17.71 6 12170 517 110576606
Hepatic function abnormal 21.90 17.71 37 12139 89258 110487865
Tachypnoea 21.41 17.71 24 12152 39371 110537752
Cholangitis acute 21.31 17.71 8 12168 1905 110575218
Erythema multiforme 21.19 17.71 18 12158 21079 110556044
Blood triglycerides increased 21.19 17.71 19 12157 23907 110553216
Urinary tract candidiasis 20.93 17.71 7 12169 1192 110575931
Musculoskeletal stiffness 20.85 17.71 3 12173 279819 110297304
Acquired perforating dermatosis 20.73 17.71 3 12173 7 110577116
Agnosia 20.34 17.71 5 12171 283 110576840
Abdominal discomfort 20.26 17.71 9 12167 393849 110183274
Drug ineffective 19.97 17.71 93 12083 1520447 109056676
Neutrophilia 19.82 17.71 13 12163 10316 110566807
Cutaneous lupus erythematosus 19.78 17.71 9 12167 3479 110573644
Angina pectoris 19.69 17.71 29 12147 62266 110514857
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis 19.54 17.71 10 12166 4994 110572129
Thyroglobulin increased 19.44 17.71 4 12172 100 110577023
Headache 19.22 17.71 43 12133 882334 109694789
Dehydration 19.20 17.71 71 12105 279440 110297683
Glycosuria 18.84 17.71 8 12168 2622 110574501
Nephrotic syndrome 18.59 17.71 14 12162 13817 110563306
Rheumatoid arthritis 18.59 17.71 5 12171 299608 110277515
Wheezing 18.42 17.71 3 12173 255227 110321896
Maternal exposure during pregnancy 18.38 17.71 3 12173 254880 110322243
Ketosis 18.33 17.71 7 12169 1747 110575376
Peripheral swelling 18.16 17.71 11 12165 404023 110173100

FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (Pediatric)

None

Pharmacologic Action:

SourceCodeDescription
ATC A10BD08 ALIMENTARY TRACT AND METABOLISM
DRUGS USED IN DIABETES
BLOOD GLUCOSE LOWERING DRUGS, EXCL. INSULINS
Combinations of oral blood glucose lowering drugs
ATC A10BH02 ALIMENTARY TRACT AND METABOLISM
DRUGS USED IN DIABETES
BLOOD GLUCOSE LOWERING DRUGS, EXCL. INSULINS
Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitors
MeSH PA D004791 Enzyme Inhibitors
MeSH PA D007004 Hypoglycemic Agents
MeSH PA D011480 Protease Inhibitors
MeSH PA D054873 Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors
CHEBI has role CHEBI:35469 antidepressant
CHEBI has role CHEBI:35526 hypoglycemic agent
CHEBI has role CHEBI:35610 antineoplastic agent

Related Drugs by ATC class:

A10BD Combinations of oral blood glucose lowering drugs 19 drugs
acarbosealogliptincanagliflozindapagliflozinempagliflozinertugliflozinevogliptingemigliptinglimepiridelinagliptinlobeglitazonemetformin show all 19 →
A10BH Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitors 9 drugs
alogliptinevogliptingemigliptinlinagliptinrosuvastatinsaxagliptinsimvastatinsitagliptinteneligliptin

Drug Use | Suggest Off label Use Form| |View source of the data|

DiseaseRelationSNOMED_IDDOID
Diabetes mellitus type 2 indication 44054006 DOID:9352




🐶 Veterinary Drug Use

None

🐶 Veterinary products

None

Acid dissociation constants calculated using MoKa v3.0.0

Dissociation levelDissociation constantType (acidic/basic)
pKa1 6.1 Basic

Orange Book patent data (new drug applications)

None

Orange Book exclusivity data (new drug applications)

None

Bioactivity Summary:

TargetClassPharosUniProtActionTypeActivity value
(-log[M])		Mechanism
action		Bioact sourceMoA source
Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 Enzyme INHIBITOR Ki 8.52 CHEMBL DRUG LABEL
Prolyl endopeptidase FAP Enzyme IC50 5.43 CHEMBL
Dipeptidyl peptidase 8 Enzyme Ki 6.09 CHEMBL
Dipeptidyl peptidase 9 Enzyme Ki 7.17 CHEMBL
Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 Enzyme IC50 7.58 CHEMBL
Dipeptidyl peptidase 9 Enzyme IC50 6.17 CHEMBL
Dipeptidyl peptidase IV Enzyme Ki 7.77 CHEMBL
Prolyl endopeptidase FAP Enzyme IC50 4.28 CHEMBL

External reference:

IDSource
D07080 KEGG_DRUG
C1570906 UMLSCUI
CHEBI:135285 CHEBI
CHEMBL142703 ChEMBL_ID
DB04876 DRUGBANK_ID
D000077597 MESH_DESCRIPTOR_UI
6918537 PUBCHEM_CID
6310 IUPHAR_LIGAND_ID
8399 INN_ID
I6B4B2U96P UNII
596554 RXNORM
012358 NDDF
428611002 SNOMEDCT_US
428807006 SNOMEDCT_US
LF7 PDB_CHEM_ID
924914-75-0 SECONDARY_CAS_RN
I6B4B2U96P INXIGHT DRUGS

Pharmaceutical products:

None