AI ASSISTANT
Ask DrugCentral
Explore drug information in your own words.
Type a question in the search bar above to get started. Each question is answered independently.
Try a sample question
Select a question to fill the search bar, then submit it or edit it first.
AI can make mistakes. Verify answers against the original sources before relying on them.
almitrine 🐶 Veterinary Use | Indications/Contra | FAERs-F | FAERs-M | Orange Bk | PK/Tox | Related Drugs | BioActivity |
| Stem definition | Drug id | CAS RN |
|---|---|---|
| 127 | 27469-53-0 |
Description:
| Molecule | Description |
|---|---|
|
Synonyms:
|
A respiratory stimulant that enhances respiration by acting as an agonist of peripheral chemoreceptors located on the carotid bodies. The drug increases arterial oxygen tension while decreasing arterial carbon dioxide tension in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. It may also prove useful in the treatment of nocturnal oxygen desaturation without impairing the quality of sleep.
|
Drug dosage:
| Dose | Unit | Route |
|---|---|---|
| 0.10 | g | O |
ADMET properties:
| Property | Value | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| BA (Bioavailability) | 63 % | Kim MT, Sedykh A, Chakravarti SK, Saiakhov RD, Zhu H |
| Vd (Volume of distribution) | 35.37 L/kg | Lombardo F, Berellini G, Obach RS |
| CL (Clearance) | 0.97 mL/min/kg | Lombardo F, Berellini G, Obach RS |
| fu (Fraction unbound in plasma) | 0.01 % | Lombardo F, Berellini G, Obach RS |
| t_half (Half-life) | 1344 hours | Lombardo F, Berellini G, Obach RS |
Predicted pharmacokinetic/toxicological properties (PK-AZ):
| Property | Description | Value | Unit | Confidence | Similarity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| kinase-safety-class | ACVR2A,ACVR2B,ACVRL1,AKT1,AKT2,AKT3,ALK,AURKA,AURKB,AXL,BRAF,BTK,CAMK2B,CAMK2D,CDK1,CDK16,CDK19,CDK2,CDK5,CDK7,CDK9,CHEK1,CSF1R,DDR1,DYRK1B,EGFR,EIF2AK3,EPHA2,EPHB4,ERBB2,FLT3,GRK1,GRK2,GSK3B,INSR,ITK,JAK1,JAK2,JAK3,KIT,MAP3K1,MAP3K21,MAP3K7,MAP4K1,MAP4K3,MAPK1,MAPK10,MAPK12,MAPK7,MAPK9,MAPKAPK2,MARK4,MELK,MET,MTOR,NTRK2,PAK4,PDK1,PDK2,PDK4,PDPK1,PIK3CB,PIK3CD,PIK3CG,PIM2,PRKCD,PRKDC,SGK1,SIK2,SIK3,STK33,SYK,TEK,TTK,ULK1,ZAP70 | 76 | |||
| kinase-selectivity-class | AXL,GRK2,TEK | 3 | |||
| pfas-class | PFAS structural alert (1 = True, 0 = False) | 0 |
Approvals:
None
FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (Female)
None
FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (Male)
| MedDRA adverse event term | Likelihood ratio | Likelihood ratio threshold | Patients taking drug having adverse event | Patients taking drug not having adverse event | Patients not taking drug having adverse event | Patients not taking drug not having adverse event |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lichenoid keratosis | 82.28 | 75.80 | 10 | 6 | 3940 | 42617379 |
FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (Geriatric)
| MedDRA adverse event term | Likelihood ratio | Likelihood ratio threshold | Patients taking drug having adverse event | Patients taking drug not having adverse event | Patients not taking drug having adverse event | Patients not taking drug not having adverse event |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lichenoid keratosis | 87.14 | 73.60 | 10 | 6 | 6292 | 110582991 |
FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (Pediatric)
None
Pharmacologic Action:
| Source | Code | Description |
|---|---|---|
| ATC | R07AB07 | RESPIRATORY SYSTEM OTHER RESPIRATORY SYSTEM PRODUCTS OTHER RESPIRATORY SYSTEM PRODUCTS Respiratory stimulants |
| MeSH PA | D002491 | Central Nervous System Agents |
| MeSH PA | D018696 | Neuroprotective Agents |
| MeSH PA | D020011 | Protective Agents |
| MeSH PA | D019141 | Respiratory System Agents |
| CHEBI has role | CHEBI:22587 | antiviral agent |
| CHEBI has role | CHEBI:35337 | central nervous system stimulant |
Related Drugs by ATC class:
R07AB Respiratory stimulants 8 drugs
Drug Use | Suggest Off label Use Form| |View source of the data|
| Disease | Relation | SNOMED_ID | DOID |
|---|---|---|---|
| Chronic obstructive lung disease | indication | 13645005 | DOID:3083 |
🐶 Veterinary Drug Use
None
🐶 Veterinary products
None
Acid dissociation constants calculated using MoKa v3.0.0
| Dissociation level | Dissociation constant | Type (acidic/basic) |
|---|---|---|
| pKa1 | 6.0 | Basic |
| pKa2 | 5.57 | Basic |
| pKa3 | 3.77 | Basic |
| pKa4 | 1.34 | Basic |
Orange Book patent data (new drug applications)
None
Orange Book exclusivity data (new drug applications)
None
Bioactivity Summary:
None
External reference:
| ID | Source |
|---|---|
| N0000167166 | NUI |
| D02822 | KEGG_DRUG |
| 528 | RXNORM |
| C0002164 | UMLSCUI |
| CHEBI:53778 | CHEBI |
| CHEMBL1183717 | ChEMBL_ID |
| CHEMBL3181957 | ChEMBL_ID |
| D015765 | MESH_DESCRIPTOR_UI |
| DB01430 | DRUGBANK_ID |
| 4123 | INN_ID |
| 29608-49-9 | SECONDARY_CAS_RN |
| 9A1222NBG4 | UNII |
| 33887 | PUBCHEM_CID |
| C037558 | MESH_SUPPLEMENTAL_RECORD_UI |
| 003689 | NDDF |
| 003690 | NDDF |
| 418600009 | SNOMEDCT_US |
| 734458006 | SNOMEDCT_US |
Pharmaceutical products:
None