ADVERSE REACTIONS SECTION.

6 ADVERSE REACTIONS. Hypercalcemia is discussed elsewhere [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1) The most common (> 10%) adverse reactions are hypercalcemia, nausea and vomiting. ) 6.1 In clinical studies, patients have occasionally experienced nausea during calcium acetate therapy. ) To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Camber Pharmaceuticals Inc. at 1-866-495-8330 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch.. The most common (> 10%) adverse reactions are hypercalcemia, nausea and vomiting. ) 6.1 In clinical studies, patients have occasionally experienced nausea during calcium acetate therapy. ) . 6.1 Clinical Trial Experience. Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice.In clinical studies, calcium acetate has been generally well tolerated.Calcium acetate was studied in 3-month, open-label, non-randomized study of 98 enrolled ESRD hemodialysis patients and an alternate liquid formulation of calcium acetate was studied in two week double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study with 69 enrolled ESRD hemodialysis patients. Adverse reactions (>2% on treatment) from these trials are presented in Table 1.Mild hypercalcemia may be asymptomatic or manifest itself as constipation, anorexia, nausea, and vomiting. More severe hypercalcemia is associated with confusion, delirium, stupor, and coma. Decreasing dialysate calcium concentration could reduce the incidence and severity ofcalcium acetate-induced hypercalcemia. Isolated cases of pruritus have been reported, which may represent allergic reactions.. Table 1. 6.2 Postmarketing Experience. Because these reactions are reported voluntarily from population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to estimate their frequency or to establish causal relationship to drug exposure.The following additional adverse reactions have been identified during post-approval of calcium acetate: dizziness, edema, and weakness.

CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY SECTION.

12 CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY. Patients with ESRD retain phosphorus and can develop hyperphosphatemia. High serum phosphorus can precipitate serum calcium resulting in ectopic calcification. Hyperphosphatemia also plays role in the development of secondary hyperparathyroidism in patients with ESRD.. 12.1 Mechanism of Action. Calcium acetate, when taken with meals, combines with dietary phosphate to form an insoluble calcium phosphate complex, which is excreted in the feces, resulting in decreased serum phosphorus concentration.. 12.2 Pharmacodynamics. Orally administered calcium acetate from pharmaceutical dosage forms is systemically absorbed up to approximately 40% under fasting conditions and up to approximately 30% under nonfasting conditions. This range represents data from both healthy subjects and renal dialysis patients under various conditions.

CLINICAL STUDIES SECTION.

14 CLINICAL STUDIES. Effectiveness of calcium acetate in decreasing serum phosphorus has been demonstrated in two studies of the calcium acetate solid oral dosage form.Ninety-one patients with end-stage renal disease who were undergoing hemodialysis and were hyperphosphatemic (serum phosphorus >5.5 mg/dL) following 1-week phosphate binder washout period contributed efficacy data to an open-label, non-randomized study.The patients received calcium acetate 667 mg tablets at each meal for period of 12 weeks. The initial starting dose was tablets per meal for meals day, and the dose was adjusted as necessary to control serum phosphorus levels. The average final dose after 12 weeks of treatment was 3.4 tablets per meal. Although there was decrease in serum phosphorus, in the absence of control group the true magnitude of effect is uncertain.The data presented in Table demonstrate the efficacy of calcium acetate in the treatment of hyperphosphatemia in end-stage renal disease patients. The effects on serum calcium levels are also presented.There was 30% decrease in serum phosphorus levels during the 12 week study period (p<0.01). Two-thirds of the decline occurred in the first month of the study. Serum calcium increased 9% during the study mostly in the first month of the study.Treatment with the phosphate binder was discontinued for patients from the open-label study, and those patients whose serum phosphorus exceeded 5.5 mg/dL were eligible for entry into double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study. Patients were randomized to receive calcium acetate or placebo, and each continued to receive the same number of tablets as had been individually established during the previous study. Following weeks of treatment, patients switched to the alternative therapy for an additional weeks.The phosphate binding effect of calcium acetate is shown in the Table 3.Overall, weeks of treatment with calcium acetate statistically significantally (p<0.01) decreased serum phosphorus by mean of 19% and increased serum calcium by statistically significant (p<0.01) but clinically unimportant mean of 7%.. Table 2. Table 3.

DESCRIPTION SECTION.

11 DESCRIPTION. Calcium acetate acts as phosphate binder. Its chemical name is calcium acetate. Its molecular formula is H CaO and its molecular weight is 158.17. Its structural formula is: 6 Each capsule is of size 00el hard gelatin capsule shell with blue opaque cap and white opaque body imprinted with 667 mg on cap and IG 377 on body in black ink filled with white to off white powder. Each capsule contains 667 mg calcium acetate, USP (anhydrous; CaCH3COO) MW=158.17 grams) equal to 169 mg (8.45 mEq) calcium. Each capsule contains the following inactive ingredients: Sodium Lauryl Sulfate and Sodium Stearyl Fumarate. The gelatin cap and body have the following inactive ingredients: FD&C blue 1, FD&C red 3, titanium dioxide, USP, gelatin, USP and iron oxide black. Calcium acetate capsules are administered orally for the control of hyperphosphatemia in end stage renal failure.. structure.

DOSAGE & ADMINISTRATION SECTION.

2 DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION. The recommended initial dose of calcium acetate for the adult dialysis patient is capsules with each meal. Increase the dose gradually to lower serum phosphorus levels to the target range, as long as hypercalcemia does not develop. Most patients require 3-4 capsules with each meal.. Starting dose is capsules with each meal.o Titrate the dose every 2-3 weeks until acceptable serum phosphorus level is reached. Most patients require 3-4 capsules with each meal.

DRUG INTERACTIONS SECTION.

7 DRUG INTERACTIONS. The drug interaction of calcium acetate is characterized by the potential of calcium to bind to drugs with anionic functions (e.g., carboxyl, and hydroxyl groups). Calcium acetate may decrease the bioavailability of tetracyclines or fluoroquinolones via this mechanism.There are no empirical data on avoiding drug interactions between calcium acetate and most concomitant drugs. When administering an oral medication with calcium acetate where reduction in the bioavailability of that medication would have clinically significant effect on itssafety or efficacy, administer the drug one hour before or three hours after calcium acetate. Monitor blood levels of the concomitant drugs that have narrow therapeutic range.Patients taking anti-arrhythmic medications for the control of arrhythmias and anti-seizure medications for the control of seizure disorders were excluded from the clinical trials with all forms of calcium acetate.. Calcium acetate may decrease the bioavailability of tetracyclines or fluoroquinolones. ) When clinically significant drug interactions are expected, administer the drug at least one hour before or at least three hours after calcium acetate or consider monitoring blood levels of the drug. ) . Calcium acetate may decrease the bioavailability of tetracyclines or fluoroquinolones. ) . When clinically significant drug interactions are expected, administer the drug at least one hour before or at least three hours after calcium acetate or consider monitoring blood levels of the drug. ) . 7.1 Ciprofloxacin. In study of 15 healthy subjects, co-administered single dose of calcium acetate tablets, approximately 2.7 g, decreased the bioavailability of ciprofloxacin by approximately 50%.

INFORMATION FOR PATIENTS SECTION.

17 PATIENT COUNSELING INFORMATION. Inform patients to take calcium acetatewith meals, adhere to their prescribed diets, and avoid the use of calcium supplements including nonprescription antacids. Inform the patients about the symptoms of hypercalcemia [see and ]. Warnings and Precautions (5.1) Adverse Reactions (6.1) Advise patients who are taking an oral medication where reduction in the bioavailability of that medication would have clinically significant effect on its safety or efficacy to take the drug one hour before or three hours after calcium acetate.Manufactured byInvaGen Pharmaceuticals, Inc.Hauppauge, NY 11788Manufactured for:Camber Pharmaceuticals, Inc.Piscataway, NJ 08854Rev: 01/14.

USE IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONS SECTION.

8 USE IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONS. 8.1 Pregnancy. Pregnancy Category CCalcium acetate capsules contain calcium acetate. Animal reproduction studies have not been conducted with calcium acetate, and there are no adequate and well controlled studies of calcium acetate use in pregnant women. Patients with end stage renal disease may develop hypercalcemia with calcium acetate treatment [see ]. Maintenance of normal serum calcium levels is important for maternal and fetal well being. Hypercalcemia during pregnancy may increase the risk for maternal and neonatal complications such as stillbirth, preterm delivery, and neonatal hypocalcemia and hypoparathyroidism. Calcium acetate treatment, as recommended, is not expected to harm fetus if maternal calcium levels are properly monitored during and following treatment. Warnings and Precautions (5.1) 8.2 Labor and Delivery. The effects of calcium acetate on labor and delivery are unknown.. 8.3 Nursing Mothers. calcium acetate capsule contains calcium acetate and is excreted in human milk. Human milk feeding by mother receiving calcium acetate is not expected to harm an infant, provided maternal serum calcium levels are appropriately monitored.. 8.4 Pediatric Use. Safety and effectiveness in pediatric patients have not been established.. 8.5 Geriatric Use. Clinical studies of calcium acetate did not include sufficient numbers of subjects aged 65 and over to determine whether they respond differently from younger subjects. Other clinical experience has not identified differences in responses between elderly and younger patients. In general, dose selection for an elderly patient should be cautious, usually starting at the low end of the dosing range, reflecting the greater frequency of decreased hepatic, renal, or cardiac function, and of concomitant disease or other drug therapy.

WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS SECTION.

5 WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS. Treat mild hypercalcemia by reducing or interrupting calcium acetate capsules and Vitamin D. Severe hypercalcemia may require hemodialysis and discontinuation of calcium acetate capsules. ) 5.1 Hypercalcemia may aggravate digitalis toxicity. ) 5.2 Treat mild hypercalcemia by reducing or interrupting calcium acetate capsules and Vitamin D. Severe hypercalcemia may require hemodialysis and discontinuation of calcium acetate capsules. ) 5.1 Hypercalcemia may aggravate digitalis toxicity. ) 5.2 5.2 Concomitant Use with Medications. Hypercalcemia may aggravate digitalis toxicity.