PRECAUTIONS SECTION.

PRECAUTIONS:. General: Unwarranted therapy with parenteral iron will cause excess storage of iron with the consequent possibility of exogenous hemosiderosis. Such iron overload is particularly apt to occur in patients with hemoglobinopathies and other refractory anemias that might be erroneously diagnosed as iron deficiency anemias.INFeD should be used with caution in individuals with histories of significant allergies and/or asthma. Anaphylaxis and other hypersensitivity reactions have been reported after uneventful test doses as well as therapeutic doses of iron dextran injection. Therefore, administer test dose prior to the first therapeutic dose of INFeD. (See BOXED WARNING and DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION: ADMINISTRATION.)Epinephrine should be immediately available in the event of acute hypersensitivity reactions. (Usual adult dose: 0.5 mL of 1:1000 solution, by subcutaneous or intramuscular injection.) Note: Patients using beta-blocking agents may not respond adequately to epinephrine. Isoproterenol or similar beta-agonist agents may be required in these patients.Patients with rheumatoid arthritis may have an acute exacerbation of joint pain and swelling following the administration of INFeD.Reports in the literature from countries outside the United States (in particular, New Zealand) have suggested that the use of intramuscular iron dextran in neonates has been associated with an increased incidence of gram-negative sepsis, primarily due to E. Coli.Information For Patients: Patients should be advised of the potential adverse reactions associated with the use of INFeD.Drug/Laboratory Test Interactions: Large doses of iron dextran (5 mL or more) have been reported to give brown color to serum from blood sample drawn hours after administration.The drug may cause falsely elevated values of serum bilirubin and falsely decreased values of serum calcium. Serum iron determinations (especially by colorimetric assays) may not be meaningful for weeks following the administration of iron dextran.Serum ferritin peaks approximately to days after an intravenous dose of INFeD and slowly returns to baseline after about weeks.Examination of the bone marrow for iron stores may not be meaningful for prolonged periods following iron dextran therapy because residual iron dextran may remain in the reticuloendothelial cells.Bone scans involving 99m Tc-diphosphonate have been reported to show dense, crescentic area of activity in the buttocks, following the contour of the iliac crest, to days after intramuscular injections of iron dextran.Bone scans with 99m Tc-labeled bone seeking agents, in the presence of high serum ferritin levels or following iron dextran infusions, have been reported to show reduction of bony uptake, marked renal activity, and excessive blood pool and soft tissue accumulation.Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment Of Fertility: See WARNINGS.Pregnancy: Iron dextran has been shown to be teratogenic and embryocidal in mice, rats, rabbits, dogs, and monkeys when given in doses of about times the maximum human dose.No consistent adverse fetal effects were observed in mice, rats, rabbits, dogs and monkeys at doses of 50 mg iron/kg or less. Fetal and maternal toxicity has been reported in monkeys at total intravenous dose of 90 mg iron/kg over 14-day period. Similar effects were observed in mice and rats on administration of single dose of 125 mg iron/kg. Fetal abnormalities in rats and dogs were observed at doses of 250 mg iron/kg and higher. The animals used in these tests were not iron deficient. There are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. INFeD should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus.Placental Transfer: Various animal studies and studies in pregnant humans have demonstrated inconclusive results with respect to the placental transfer of iron dextran as iron dextran. It appears that some iron does reach the fetus, but the form in which it crosses the placenta is not clear.Nursing Mothers: Caution should be exercised when INFeD is administered to nursing woman. Traces of unmetabolized iron dextran are excreted in human milk.Pediatric Use: Not recommended for use in infants under months of age. (See DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION.).

WARNINGS SECTION.

WARNINGS:. Risk for Anaphylactic-type Reactions: Anaphylactic-type reactions, including fatalities have followed the parenteral administration of iron dextran. Always have resuscitation equipment and personnel trained in the detection and treatment of anaphylactic-type reactions readily available during INFeD administration. Prior to the first therapeutic dose, administer test INFeD dose of 0.5 mL. (See DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION.) Although reactions are usually evident within few minutes, observe patients for at least one hour before administering the therapeutic dose. During all INFeD administrations, observe patients for signs or symptoms of anaphylactic-type reactions. Fatal reactions have followed the test dose of iron dextran and have also occurred in situations where the test dose was tolerated. Use INFeD only in patients in whom clinical and laboratory investigations have established an iron deficient state not amenable to oral iron therapy.The factors that affect the risk for anaphylactic-type reactions to iron dextran products are not fully known but limited clinical data suggest the risk may be increased among patients with history of drug allergy or multiple drug allergies. Additionally, concomitant use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor drugs may increase the risk for reactions to an iron dextran product. The extent of risk for anaphylactic-type reactions following exposure to any specific iron dextran product is unknown and may vary among the products.Iron dextran products differ in chemical characteristics and may differ in clinical effects. Iron dextran products are not clinically interchangeable.Delayed Reactions: Large intravenous doses, such as used with total dose infusions (TDI), have been associated with an increased incidence of adverse effects. The adverse effects frequently are delayed (1-2 days) reactions typified by one or more of the following symptoms: arthralgia, backache, chills, dizziness, moderate to high fever, headache, malaise, myalgia, nausea, and vomiting. The onset is usually 24-48 hours after administration and symptoms generally subside within 3-4 days. The etiology of these reactions is not known. The potential for delayed reaction must be considered when estimating the risk/benefit of treatment. The maximum daily dose should not exceed mL undiluted iron dextran.Risk in Patients with Underlying Conditions: INFeD should be used with extreme care in patients with serious impairment of liver function. It should not be used during the acute phase of infectious kidney disease. Adverse reactions experienced following administration of INFeD may exacerbate cardiovascular complications in patients with pre-existing cardiovascular disease.Carcinogenesis: risk of carcinogenesis may attend the intramuscular injection of iron-carbohydrate complexes. Such complexes have been found under experimental conditions to produce sarcoma when large doses or small doses injected repeatedly at the same site were given to rats, mice, and rabbits, and possibly in hamsters. The long latent period between the injection of potential carcinogen and the appearance of tumor makes it impossible to measure accurately the risk in man. There have, however, been several reports in the literature describing tumors at the injection site in humans who had previously received intramuscular injections of iron-carbohydrate complexes.

ADVERSE REACTIONS SECTION.

ADVERSE REACTIONS:. Severe/Fatal: Anaphylactic reactions have been reported with the use of iron dextran injection; on occasions these reactions have been fatal. Such reactions, which occur most often within the first several minutes of administration, have been generally characterized by sudden onset of respiratory difficulty and/or cardiovascular collapse. Because fatal anaphylactic reactions have been reported after administration of iron dextran injection, the drug should be given only when resuscitation techniques and treatment of anaphylactic and anaphylactoid shock are readily available. (See BOXED WARNING and PRECAUTIONS: GENERAL, pertaining to immediate availability of epinephrine.)Cardiovascular: Chest pain, chest tightness, shock, cardiac arrest, hypotension, hypertension, tachycardia, bradycardia, flushing, arrhythmias. (Flushing and hypotension may occur from too rapid injections by the intravenous route.)Dermatologic: Urticaria, pruritus, purpura, rash, cyanosis.Gastrointestinal: Abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea.Hematologic/lymphatic: Leucocytosis, lymphadenopathy.Musculoskeletal/soft tissue: Arthralgia, arthritis (may represent reactivation in patients with quiescent rheumatoid arthritis See PRECAUTIONS: GENERAL), myalgia; backache; sterile abscess, atrophy/fibrosis (intramuscular injection site); brown skin and/or underlying tissue discoloration (staining), soreness or pain at or near intramuscular injection sites; cellulitis; swelling; inflammation; local phlebitis at or near intravenous injection site.Neurologic: Convulsions, seizures, syncope, headache, weakness, unresponsiveness, paresthesia, febrile episodes, chills, dizziness, disorientation, numbness, unconsciousness.Respiratory: Respiratory arrest, dyspnea, bronchospasm, wheezing.Urologic: Hematuria.Delayed reactions: Arthralgia, backache, chills, dizziness, fever, headache, malaise, myalgia, nausea, vomiting. (See WARNINGS).Miscellaneous: Febrile episodes, sweating, shivering, chills, malaise, altered taste.

BOXED WARNING SECTION.

BOXED WARNING. WARNING: RISK FOR ANAPHYLACTIC-TYPE REACTIONSAnaphylactic-type reactions, including fatalities, have followed the parenteral administration of iron dextran injection.Have resuscitation equipment and personnel trained in the detection and treatment of anaphylactic-type reactions readily available during INFeD(R) administration.Administer test INFeD(R) dose prior to the first therapeutic dose. If no signs or symptoms of anaphylactic-type reactions follow the test dose, administer the full therapeutic INFeD(R) dose.During all INFeD(R) administrations, observe for signs or symptoms of anaphylactic-type reactions. Fatal reactions have followed the test dose of iron dextran injection. Fatal reactions have also occurred in situations where the test dose was tolerated.Use INFeD(R) only in patients in whom clinical and laboratory investigations have established an iron deficient state not amenable to oral iron therapy.Patients with history of drug allergy or multiple drug allergies may be at increased risk of anaphylactic-type reactions to INFeD(R).. Have resuscitation equipment and personnel trained in the detection and treatment of anaphylactic-type reactions readily available during INFeD(R) administration.. Administer test INFeD(R) dose prior to the first therapeutic dose. If no signs or symptoms of anaphylactic-type reactions follow the test dose, administer the full therapeutic INFeD(R) dose.. During all INFeD(R) administrations, observe for signs or symptoms of anaphylactic-type reactions. Fatal reactions have followed the test dose of iron dextran injection. Fatal reactions have also occurred in situations where the test dose was tolerated.. Use INFeD(R) only in patients in whom clinical and laboratory investigations have established an iron deficient state not amenable to oral iron therapy.. Patients with history of drug allergy or multiple drug allergies may be at increased risk of anaphylactic-type reactions to INFeD(R).

CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY SECTION.

CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY:. General: After intramuscular injection, iron dextran is absorbed from the injection site into the capillaries and the lymphatic system. Circulating iron dextran is removed from the plasma by cells of the reticuloendothelial system, which split the complex into its components of iron and dextran. The iron is immediately bound to the available protein moieties to form hemosiderin or ferritin, the physiological forms of iron, or to lesser extent to transferrin. This iron which is subject to physiological control replenishes hemoglobin and depleted iron stores.Dextran, polyglucose, is either metabolized or excreted. Negligible amounts of iron are lost via the urinary or alimentary pathways after administration of iron dextran.The major portion of intramuscular injections of iron dextran is absorbed within 72 hours; most of the remaining iron is absorbed over the ensuing to weeks.Various studies involving intravenously administered 59Fe iron dextran to iron deficient subjects, some of whom had coexisting diseases, have yielded half-life values ranging from hours to more than 20 hours. The 5-hour value was determined for 59Fe iron dextran from study that used laboratory methods to separate the circulating 59Fe iron dextran from the transferrin-bound 59Fe. The 20-hour value reflects half-life determined by measuring total 59Fe, both circulating and bound. It should be understood that these half-life values do not represent clearance of iron from the body. Iron is not easily eliminated from the body and accumulation of iron can be toxic.In vitro studies have shown that removal of iron dextran by dialysis is negligible.1,2 Six different dialyzer membranes were investigated (polysulfone, cuprophane, cellulose acetate, cellulose triacetate, polymethylmethacrylate and polyacrylonitrile), including those considered high efficiency and high flux.

DOSAGE & ADMINISTRATION SECTION.

DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION:. Oral iron should be discontinued prior to administration of INFeD.Dosage:I. Iron Deficiency Anemia: Periodic hematologic determination (hemoglobin and hematocrit) is simple and accurate technique for monitoring hematological response, and should be used as guide in therapy. It should be recognized that iron storage may lag behind the appearance of normal blood morphology. Serum iron, total iron binding capacity (TIBC) and percent saturation of transferrin are other important tests for detecting and monitoring the iron deficient state.After administration of iron dextran complex, evidence of therapeutic response can be seen in few days as an increase in the reticulocyte count.Although serum ferritin is usually good guide to body iron stores, the correlation of body iron stores and serum ferritin may not be valid in patients on chronic renal dialysis who are also receiving iron dextran complex.Although there are significant variations in body build and weight distribution among males and females, the accompanying table and formula represent convenient means for estimating the total iron required. This total iron requirement reflects the amount of iron needed to restore hemoglobin concentration to normal or near normal levels plus an additional allowance to provide adequate replenishment of iron stores in most individuals with moderately or severely reduced levels of hemoglobin. It should be remembered that iron deficiency anemia will not appear until essentially all iron stores have been depleted. Therapy, thus, should aim at not only replenishment of hemoglobin iron but iron stores as well.Factors contributing to the formula are shown below.Based on the above factors, individuals with normal hemoglobin levels will have approximately 33 mg of blood iron per kilogram of body weight (15 mg/lb).Note: The table and accompanying formula are applicable for dosage determinations only in patients with iron deficiency anemia; they are not to be used for dosage determinations in patients requiring iron replacement for blood loss.The total amount of INFeD in mL required to treat the anemia and replenish iron stores may be approximated as follows:II. Iron Replacement for Blood Loss: Some individuals sustain blood losses on an intermittent or repetitive basis. Such blood losses may occur periodically in patients with hemorrhagic diatheses (familial telangiectasia; hemophilia; gastrointestinal bleeding) and on repetitive basis from procedures such as renal hemodialysis.Iron therapy in these patients should be directed toward replacement of the equivalent amount of iron represented in the blood loss. The table and formula described under I. Iron Deficiency Anemia are not applicable for simple iron replacement values.Quantitative estimates of the individuals periodic blood loss and hematocrit during the bleeding episode provide convenient method for the calculation of the required iron dose.The formula shown below is based on the approximation that mL of normocytic, normochromic red cells contains mg of elemental iron:Replacement iron (in mg) Blood loss (in mL) hematocritExample: Blood loss of 500 mL with 20% hematocritAdministration: The total amount of INFeD required for the treatment of iron deficiency anemia or iron replacement for blood loss is determined from the table or appropriate formula. (See DOSAGE). 1. Intravenous Injection PRIOR TO THE FIRST INTRAVENOUS INFeD THERAPEUTIC DOSE, ADMINISTER AN INTRAVENOUS TEST DOSE OF 0.5 ML. ADMINISTER THE TEST DOSE AT GRADUAL RATE OVER AT LEAST 30 SECONDS. Although anaphylactic reactions known to occur following INFeD administration are usually evident within few minutes, or sooner, it is recommended that period of an hour or longer elapse before the remainder of the initial therapeutic dose is given.Individual doses of mL or less may be given on daily basis until the calculated total amount required has been reached. INFeD is given undiluted at slow gradual rate not to exceed 50 mg (1 mL) per minute.2. Intramuscular Injection PRIOR TO THE FIRST INTRAMUSCULAR INFeD THERAPEUTIC DOSE, ADMINISTER AN INTRAMUSCULAR TEST DOSE OF 0.5 ML. (See BOXED WARNING and PRECAUTIONS.) The test dose should be administered in the buttock using the same technique as described in the last paragraph of this section. Although anaphylactic reactions known to occur following INFeD administration are usually evident within few minutes or sooner, it is recommended that at least an hour or longer elapse before the remainder of the initial therapeutic dose is given.If no adverse reactions are observed, INFeD can be given according to the following schedule until the calculated total amount required has been reached. Each days dose should ordinarily not exceed 0.5 mL (25 mg of iron) for infants under kg (11 lbs); 1.0 mL (50 mg of iron) for children under 10 kg (22 lbs); and 2.0 mL (100 mg of iron) for other patients.INFeD should be injected only into the muscle mass of the upper outer quadrant of the buttock never into the arm or other exposed areas and should be injected deeply, with 2-inch or 3-inch 19 or 20 gauge needle. If the patient is standing, he/she should be bearing his/her weight on the leg opposite the injection site, or if in bed, he/she should be in the lateral position with injection site uppermost. To avoid injection or leakage into the subcutaneous tissue, Z-track technique (displacement of the skin laterally prior to injection) is recommended.NOTE: Do not mix INFeD with other medications or add to parenteral nutrition solutions for intravenous infusion.Parenteral drug products should be inspected visually for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration, whenever the solution and container permit.. Image1.jpg. Image2.jpg. Image3.jpg. Image4.jpg.

DRUG INTERACTIONS SECTION.

7 DRUG INTERACTIONS. 7.1 Drug/Laboratory Test InteractionsDrug interactions involving INFeD have not been studied.Concomitant use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor drugs may increase the risk for anaphylactic-type reactions to an iron dextran product.Large doses of iron dextran (5 mL or more) have been reported to give brown color to serum from blood sample drawn hours after administration.INFeD may cause falsely elevated values of serum bilirubin and falsely decreased values of serum calcium.Serum iron determinations (especially by colorimetric assays) may not be meaningful for weeks following the administration of INFeD.Examination of the bone marrow for iron stores may not be meaningful for prolonged periods following iron dextran therapy because residual iron dextran may remain in the reticuloendothelial cells.Bone scans involving 99m Tc-diphosphonate have been reported to show dense, crescentic area of activity in the buttocks, following the contour of the iliac crest, to days after intramuscular injections of INFeD.Bone scans with 99m Tc-labeled bone seeking agents, in the presence of high serum ferritin levels or following INFeD infusions, have been reported to show reduction of bony uptake, marked renal activity, and excessive blood pool and soft tissue accumulation.

PATIENT COUNSELING INFORMATION.

17 PATIENT COUNSELING. Hypersensitivity ReactionsQuestion patients regarding any prior history of reactions to parenteral iron products. Advise patients to immediately report any symptoms of hypersensitivity that develop during and following INFeD administration such as arthralgia, backache, chills, dizziness, moderate to high fever, headache, malaise, myalgia, nausea, and vomiting [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)].Delayed ReactionsAdvise patients that delayed reactions can occur and that these must be reported to their healthcare provider immediately [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)].Increased Risk of Toxicity in Patients with Underlying ConditionsAdvise patients to inform their healthcare provider if any liver impairment is identified as this may cause iron toxicity. Advise patients to consult their healthcare provider should they start to show symptoms of acute kidney infection as INFeD should not be used [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3)].Advise patients with pre-existing cardiovascular disease and rheumatoid arthritis that INFeD administration may exacerbate symptoms and to contact their healthcare provider if any symptoms occur [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3)].Advise patients with history of significant allergies and/or asthma to inform their healthcare provider as the risk of hypersensitivity reactions may be increased [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3)].Iron OverloadAdvise the patient to consult healthcare provider before taking any other iron containing products as this may cause serious side effects [see Warnings and Precautions (5.4)].PregnancyAdvise pregnant persons about the risk of hypersensitivity reactions which may have serious consequences for the fetus [see Use in Specific Populations (8.1)].For all medical inquiries contact:AllerganMedical Communications1-800-678-1605Manufactured By:Patheon Italia S.p.A.Ferentino, Italy 03013Distributed By:Allergan USA, Inc.Madison, NJ 07940(C) 2021 Allergan. All rights reserved.INFeD(R) is registered trademark of Allergan Sales, LLC.v5.0USPI6082.

SPL UNCLASSIFIED SECTION.

BOXED WARNING These highlights do not include all the information needed to use INFeD safely and effectively. See full prescribing information for INFeD.INFeD(R) (iron dextran injection), for intravenous or intramuscular useInitial U.S. Approval: 1974WARNING: RISK FOR ANAPHYLACTIC-TYPE REACTIONSSEE FULL PRESCRIBING INFORMATION FOR COMPLETE BOXED WARNING.Anaphylactic-type reactions, including fatalities, have been reported following the parenteral administration of iron dextran injection. (5.1)Have resuscitation equipment and personnel trained in the detection and treatment of anaphylactic-type reactions readily available during INFeD administration.Administer test INFeD dose prior to the first therapeutic dose. If no signs or symptoms of anaphylactic-type reactions follow the test dose, administer the full therapeutic INFeD dose.During all INFeD administrations, observe for signs or symptoms of anaphylactic-type reactions. Fatal reactions have been reported following the test dose of iron dextran injection. Fatal reactions have also occurred in situations where the test dose was tolerated.Use INFeD only in patients in whom clinical and laboratory investigations have established an iron deficient state not amenable to oral iron therapy.Patients with history of drug allergy or multiple drug allergies may be at increased risk of anaphylactic-type reactions to INFeD. (5.3).

USE IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONS SECTION.

8 USE IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONS. 8.1 PregnancyRisk SummaryParenteral iron administration may be associated with hypersensitivity reactions [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)], which may have serious consequences, such as fetal bradycardia (see Clinical Considerations). Advise pregnant persons of the potential risk to the fetus. Available data from postmarketing reports with iron dextran use in pregnancy are insufficient to assess the risk of major birth defects or miscarriage. There are risks to the pregnant person and fetus associated with untreated iron deficiency anemia in pregnancy (see Clinical Considerations). Iron dextran has been shown to be teratogenic and embryocidal in mice, rats, rabbits, dogs, and monkeys when given in doses of about times the maximum human dose.The estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population is unknown. All pregnancies have background risk of birth defects, loss, or other adverse outcomes. In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2-4% and 15-20%, respectively.Clinical ConsiderationsDisease-Associated Maternal and/or Embryo/Fetal RiskUntreated iron deficiency anemia (IDA) in pregnancy is associated with adverse maternal outcomes such as post-partum anemia. Adverse pregnancy outcomes associated with IDA include increased risk for preterm delivery and low birth weight.Fetal/Neonatal Adverse ReactionsSevere adverse reactions including circulatory failure (severe hypotension, shock including in the context of anaphylactic reaction) may occur in pregnant persons with intravenous iron administration (such as INFeD) which may have serious consequences on the fetus such as fetal bradycardia, especially during the second and third trimester.DataAnimal DataNo consistent adverse fetal effects were observed in mice, rats, rabbits, dogs, and monkeys at doses of 50 mg iron/kg or less. Fetal and maternal toxicity has been reported in monkeys at total intravenous dose of 90 mg iron/kg over 14 day period. Similar effects were observed in mice and rats on administration of single dose of 125 mg iron/kg. Fetal abnormalities in rats and dogs were observed at doses of 250 mg iron/kg and higher. The animals used in these tests were not iron deficient.8.2 LactationRisk SummaryTrace amounts of unmetabolized iron dextran are present in human milk. There are no data on the effects of iron dextran in breastfed infants or effects on milk production. The development and health benefits of breastfeeding should be considered along with the mothers clinical need for INFeD in addition to any potential adverse effects on the breastfed child from the drug or from the underlying maternal condition.8.4 Pediatric UseINFeD is not recommended for use in infants under months of age [see Dosage and Administration (2.2)].Reports in the literature from countries outside the United States (in particular, New Zealand) have suggested that the use of intramuscular iron dextran in neonates has been associated with an increased incidence of gram-negative sepsis, primarily due to E. Coli.. Pregnancy: Risk of hypersensitivity reaction which may have serious consequences for the fetus. (8.1)See 17 for PATIENT COUNSELING INFORMATION.Revised: 9/2021.

WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS SECTION.

5 WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS. 5.1 Hypersensitivity ReactionsSerious hypersensitivity reactions, including anaphylactic-type reactions, some of which have been life-threatening and fatal, have been reported following the parenteral administration of iron dextran products, including INFeD. Such reactions have been generally characterized by sudden onset of respiratory difficulty and/or cardiovascular collapse. Fatal reactions have been reported following the test dose of iron dextran and have also occurred in situations where the test dose was tolerated.Administer only in setting where resuscitation equipment and medications are available. Administer test dose of INFeD prior to the first therapeutic dose [see Dosage and Administration (2.4)]. Observe patients for at least one hour after the test dose before administering the remainder of the initial therapeutic dose. During all INFeD administrations, observe patients for signs or symptoms of anaphylactic-type reactions. Use INFeD only in patients in whom clinical and laboratory investigations have established an iron deficient state not amenable to oral iron therapy.The factors that affect the risk for anaphylactic-type reactions to iron dextran products are not fully known but limited clinical data suggest the risk may be increased among patients with history of drug allergy or multiple drug allergies. Additionally, concomitant use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor drugs may increase the risk for reactions to an iron dextran product. The extent of risk for anaphylactic-type reactions following exposure to any specific iron dextran product is unknown and may vary among the products.If hypersensitivity reactions occur during administration, stop INFeD immediately and manage reaction medically.5.2 Delayed ReactionsLarge intravenous doses, such as used with total dose infusions (TDI), have been associated with an increased incidence of adverse reactions. The adverse reactions are frequently delayed (1 to days) reactions typified by one or more of the following symptoms: arthralgia, backache, chills, dizziness, moderate to high fever, headache, malaise, myalgia, nausea, and vomiting. The onset is usually 24 to 48 hours after administration and symptoms generally subside within to days. The etiology of these reactions is not known. Do not exceed total daily dose of mL undiluted INFeD.5.3 Increased Risk of Toxicity in Patients with Underlying ConditionsMonitor for iron toxicity when INFeD is used in patients with serious impairment of liver function. It should not be used during the acute phase of infectious kidney disease.Adverse reactions experienced following administration of INFeD may exacerbate cardiovascular complications in patients with pre-existing cardiovascular disease.Patients with rheumatoid arthritis may have an acute exacerbation of joint pain and swelling following the administration of INFeD.Patients with history of significant allergies and/or asthma may have an increased risk of hypersensitivity reactions [see Dosage and Administration (5.1)].5.4 Iron OverloadExcessive therapy with parenteral iron can lead to excess storage of iron with the possibility of iatrogenic hemosiderosis. All adult and pediatric patients receiving INFeD require periodic monitoring of hematologic and iron parameters (hemoglobin, hematocrit, serum ferritin and transferrin saturation). Do not administer INFeD to patients with evidence of iron overload.. Delayed Reactions: May occur with large intravenous doses. (5.2)Increased Risk of Toxicity in Patients with Underlying Conditions: Monitor for toxicity in these patients. (5.3)Iron Overload: Excessive therapy can lead to iatrogenic hemosiderosis. Do not administer to patients with iron overload. Periodically monitor hematologic and iron parameters. (5.4).