ketamine 🐶 Veterinary Use | Indications/Contra | FAERs-F | FAERs-M | Orange Bk | BioActivity |

Stem definition	Drug id	CAS RN
	1523	6740-88-1

Description:

Molecule	Description
Molfile Inchi Smiles Synonyms: ketamine narketan (+/-)-Ketamine ketamine hydrochloride ketamine HCl	A cyclohexanone derivative used for induction of anesthesia. Its mechanism of action is not well understood, but ketamine can block NMDA receptors (RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE) and may interact with sigma receptors. Molecular weight: 237.73 Formula: C13H16ClNO CLOGP: 2.93 LIPINSKI: 0 HAC: 2 HDO: 1 TPSA: 29.10 ALOGS: -3.71 ROTB: 2 Status: OFP Legend: OFP - off patent OFM - off market ONP - on patent

Molecule

Description

Molfile Inchi Smiles

Synonyms:

ketamine
narketan
(+/-)-Ketamine
ketamine hydrochloride
ketamine HCl

A cyclohexanone derivative used for induction of anesthesia. Its mechanism of action is not well understood, but ketamine can block NMDA receptors (RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE) and may interact with sigma receptors.

Molecular weight: 237.73
Formula: C13H16ClNO
CLOGP: 2.93
LIPINSKI: 0
HAC: 2
HDO: 1
TPSA: 29.10
ALOGS: -3.71
ROTB: 2

Status: OFP

Legend:
OFP - off patent
OFM - off market
ONP - on patent

Drug dosage:

None

ADMET properties:

Property	Value	Reference
BDDCS (Biopharmaceutical Drug Disposition Classification System)	1	Benet LZ, Broccatelli F, Oprea TI
S (Water solubility)	200 mg/mL	Benet LZ, Broccatelli F, Oprea TI
EoM (Fraction excreted unchanged in urine)	4 %	Benet LZ, Broccatelli F, Oprea TI
MRTD (Maximum Recommended Therapeutic Daily Dose)	8.41 µM/kg/day	Contrera JF, Matthews EJ, Kruhlak NL, Benz RD
BA (Bioavailability)	20 %	Kim MT, Sedykh A, Chakravarti SK, Saiakhov RD, Zhu H
Vd (Volume of distribution)	2.90 L/kg	Lombardo F, Berellini G, Obach RS
CL (Clearance)	19 mL/min/kg	Lombardo F, Berellini G, Obach RS
fu (Fraction unbound in plasma)	0.47 %	Lombardo F, Berellini G, Obach RS
t_half (Half-life)	2.80 hours	Lombardo F, Berellini G, Obach RS

Approvals:

Date	Agency	Company	Orphan
Feb. 19, 1970	FDA	PAR STERILE PRODUCTS

FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (Female)

MedDRA adverse event term	Likelihood ratio	Likelihood ratio threshold	Patients taking drug having adverse event	Patients taking drug not having adverse event	Patients not taking drug having adverse event	Patients not taking drug not having adverse event
Anaphylactic shock	596.75	24.78	205	11149	23428	63454240
Drug ineffective for unapproved indication	172.40	24.78	95	11259	33968	63443700
Propofol infusion syndrome	171.92	24.78	39	11315	944	63476724
Body tinea	170.77	24.78	44	11310	1841	63475827
Inhibitory drug interaction	148.32	24.78	43	11311	2806	63474862
Infection susceptibility increased	143.57	24.78	44	11310	3477	63474191
Dilatation intrahepatic duct acquired	140.66	24.78	31	11323	655	63477013
Multiple-drug resistance	138.66	24.78	47	11307	5123	63472545
Bronchospasm	133.21	24.78	64	11290	17216	63460452
Mitochondrial DNA mutation	131.86	24.78	27	11327	395	63477273
Oesophageal spasm	127.22	24.78	39	11315	3084	63474584
Oesophageal pain	120.70	24.78	39	11315	3662	63474006
Hydronephrosis	118.62	24.78	51	11303	10611	63467057
Glucose tolerance impaired	116.62	24.78	44	11310	6533	63471135
Intra-abdominal pressure increased	114.52	24.78	22	11332	227	63477441
Drug ineffective	108.66	24.78	419	10935	1044346	62433322
Poor quality sleep	104.69	24.78	57	11297	19878	63457790
Hypotension	104.64	24.78	180	11174	272424	63205244
Drug abuse	99.54	24.78	91	11263	72427	63405241
Anaphylactic reaction	94.74	24.78	85	11269	66015	63411653
Respiratory depression	94.33	24.78	47	11307	13668	63464000
Purpura	93.33	24.78	44	11310	11341	63466327
Blood lactic acid increased	92.56	24.78	38	11316	7048	63470620
Impaired quality of life	91.17	24.78	46	11308	13737	63463931
Pneumatosis	91.08	24.78	20	11334	415	63477253
Blood gases abnormal	89.03	24.78	22	11332	775	63476893
Necrosis ischaemic	87.36	24.78	22	11332	838	63476830
Biliary dilatation	86.78	24.78	27	11327	2242	63475426
Status epilepticus	84.01	24.78	45	11309	15188	63462480
Bone density decreased	82.93	24.78	44	11310	14568	63463100
Sterile pyuria	81.83	24.78	12	11342	15	63477653
Gene mutation	81.67	24.78	24	11330	1641	63476027
Impaired work ability	80.91	24.78	46	11308	17429	63460239
Unwanted awareness during anaesthesia	78.94	24.78	17	11337	321	63477347
Lymphoedema	77.26	24.78	39	11315	11653	63466015
Arthralgia	76.54	24.78	7	11347	569703	62907965
Agitation	76.21	24.78	72	11282	59685	63417983
Delirium	74.40	24.78	66	11288	50475	63427193
Off label use	74.16	24.78	276	11078	674186	62803482
Hypercapnia	73.92	24.78	30	11324	5401	63472267
Cardio-respiratory arrest	72.21	24.78	70	11284	59889	63417779
Blood pH decreased	71.26	24.78	24	11330	2563	63475105
Hyperlipidaemia	70.96	24.78	44	11310	19527	63458141
CSF oligoclonal band present	70.65	24.78	16	11338	384	63477284
Reduced bladder capacity	68.67	24.78	9	11345	0	63477668
Intestinal ischaemia	64.73	24.78	30	11324	7438	63470230
Hyperaesthesia	64.14	24.78	32	11322	9326	63468342
Shock	63.67	24.78	44	11310	23419	63454249
Allergy test negative	63.43	24.78	13	11341	191	63477477
Cardiac arrest	62.78	24.78	80	11274	92465	63385203
Oral herpes	61.75	24.78	45	11309	26029	63451639
Bladder hypertrophy	61.32	24.78	13	11341	227	63477441
Intestinal infarction	59.80	24.78	17	11337	1033	63476635
Systemic inflammatory response syndrome	59.61	24.78	26	11328	5595	63472073
Skin disorder	58.95	24.78	46	11308	29461	63448207
Pleocytosis	58.76	24.78	16	11338	829	63476839
Type I hypersensitivity	56.97	24.78	21	11333	2921	63474747
Respiratory acidosis	55.18	24.78	26	11328	6689	63470979
Biliary tract disorder	54.45	24.78	15	11339	812	63476856
Venoocclusive liver disease	53.35	24.78	23	11331	4812	63472856
Local anaesthetic systemic toxicity	53.21	24.78	15	11339	884	63476784
Airway peak pressure increased	53.18	24.78	12	11342	283	63477385
Partial seizures	52.29	24.78	24	11330	5818	63471850
Cystitis	51.34	24.78	56	11298	54935	63422733
Hepatocellular injury	51.08	24.78	41	11313	27340	63450328
Contracted bladder	50.91	24.78	7	11347	3	63477665
Stress cardiomyopathy	49.54	24.78	27	11327	9423	63468245
Metabolic acidosis	49.39	24.78	50	11304	45019	63432649
Headache	49.33	24.78	26	11328	633215	62844453
Sleep apnoea syndrome	48.85	24.78	41	11313	29092	63448576
Cholestasis	48.48	24.78	41	11313	29393	63448275
PCO2 increased	48.46	24.78	15	11339	1224	63476444
Acute generalised exanthematous pustulosis	48.12	24.78	28	11326	11071	63466597
Lung hyperinflation	47.80	24.78	15	11339	1280	63476388
Ultrasound ovary abnormal	47.29	24.78	9	11345	88	63477580
Tachycardia	46.46	24.78	79	11275	118077	63359591
Anaphylactoid shock	46.34	24.78	11	11343	326	63477342
Abdominal discomfort	45.66	24.78	3	11351	320882	63156786
Tinnitus	45.53	24.78	43	11311	35585	63442083
Miosis	44.15	24.78	23	11331	7330	63470338
PO2 decreased	41.59	24.78	14	11340	1492	63476176
Blood creatine phosphokinase increased	41.34	24.78	38	11316	30392	63447276
Perforation	40.76	24.78	13	11341	1170	63476498
Alopecia	40.64	24.78	6	11348	337530	63140138
Status asthmaticus	39.85	24.78	12	11342	892	63476776
Lower urinary tract symptoms	39.79	24.78	7	11347	42	63477626
Ureteric stenosis	39.49	24.78	11	11343	620	63477048
Tonic clonic movements	38.29	24.78	13	11341	1422	63476246
Ureteral polyp	38.15	24.78	5	11349	0	63477668
Cystitis ulcerative	38.15	24.78	5	11349	0	63477668
Intensive care unit acquired weakness	36.63	24.78	11	11343	810	63476858
Hallucination	36.53	24.78	47	11307	54770	63422898
Immune thrombocytopenia	36.41	24.78	23	11331	10533	63467135
Nausea	36.17	24.78	61	11293	854410	62623258
Arrhythmia	35.87	24.78	39	11315	38101	63439567
Blood bicarbonate decreased	35.79	24.78	15	11339	2926	63474742
Diastolic hypotension	35.02	24.78	7	11347	90	63477578
Renal infarct	34.31	24.78	12	11342	1435	63476233
Sedation	33.59	24.78	38	11316	38771	63438897
Generalised tonic-clonic seizure	33.27	24.78	33	11321	28983	63448685
Intensive care unit delirium	32.38	24.78	6	11348	50	63477618
Encephalitis	32.27	24.78	20	11334	8860	63468808
Bladder disorder	32.13	24.78	20	11334	8926	63468742
Bladder necrosis	32.03	24.78	5	11349	12	63477656
Post procedural stroke	31.87	24.78	6	11348	55	63477613
Drug intolerance	31.85	24.78	8	11346	308653	63169015
Drug use disorder	31.10	24.78	16	11338	4968	63472700
Cataract	30.56	24.78	44	11310	57009	63420659
Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome	30.50	24.78	13	11341	2645	63475023
Pain	30.27	24.78	54	11300	740574	62737094
Left ventricular hypertrophy	30.13	24.78	16	11338	5299	63472369
Bradypnoea	29.95	24.78	14	11340	3536	63474132
Hepatotoxicity	29.92	24.78	35	11319	37006	63440662
Euthyroid sick syndrome	29.89	24.78	6	11348	79	63477589
Nasopharyngitis	29.50	24.78	5	11349	254252	63223416
Drug withdrawal syndrome	29.48	24.78	30	11324	27164	63450504
Rheumatoid arthritis	29.43	24.78	5	11349	253814	63223854
Cystitis interstitial	29.38	24.78	11	11343	1597	63476071
Urinary tract disorder	29.23	24.78	13	11341	2928	63474740
Peripheral swelling	29.21	24.78	6	11348	265936	63211732
Decreased appetite	28.99	24.78	5	11349	251047	63226621
Mucocutaneous haemorrhage	28.97	24.78	6	11348	93	63477575
Bradycardia	28.81	24.78	49	11305	73178	63404490
Swelling	28.67	24.78	7	11347	275371	63202297
Oxygen saturation decreased	28.13	24.78	54	11300	88531	63389137
Tachyphylaxis	27.73	24.78	7	11347	269	63477399
Fluid retention	27.64	24.78	43	11311	59643	63418025
Toxicity to various agents	26.79	24.78	101	11253	247149	63230519
Cyanosis	26.68	24.78	23	11331	16912	63460756
Drug dependence	26.52	24.78	27	11327	24456	63453212
Product dose omission issue	26.33	24.78	5	11349	234308	63243360
Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome	26.20	24.78	23	11331	17322	63460346
Cellulitis	26.07	24.78	50	11304	81908	63395760
Infusion related reaction	26.03	24.78	6	11348	245515	63232153
Ureteral disorder	25.99	24.78	7	11347	348	63477320
Cough	25.88	24.78	10	11344	292733	63184935
Poisoning deliberate	25.74	24.78	19	11335	11199	63466469

FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (Male)

MedDRA adverse event term	Likelihood ratio	Likelihood ratio threshold	Patients taking drug having adverse event	Patients taking drug not having adverse event	Patients not taking drug having adverse event	Patients not taking drug not having adverse event
Anaphylactic shock	536.34	22.31	195	10197	15746	34930793
Drug abuse	200.54	22.31	193	10199	98903	34847636
Drug ineffective	192.87	22.31	419	9973	456332	34490207
Sedation	186.80	22.31	101	10291	20905	34925634
Nightmare	144.32	22.31	75	10317	14316	34932223
Cystitis ulcerative	128.20	22.31	18	10374	0	34946539
Hypotension	124.72	22.31	230	10162	221419	34725120
Anaphylactic reaction	95.21	22.31	78	10314	32223	34914316
Product used for unknown indication	91.02	22.31	26	10366	957	34945582
Nephrolithiasis	90.98	22.31	74	10318	30259	34916280
Bradycardia	89.35	22.31	111	10281	75307	34871232
Bronchospasm	82.72	22.31	47	10345	10684	34935855
Hydronephrosis	81.60	22.31	46	10346	10300	34936239
Tachycardia	79.13	22.31	111	10281	84661	34861878
Hyperaesthesia	76.46	22.31	34	10358	4596	34941943
Sedation complication	75.86	22.31	26	10366	1751	34944788
Off label use	74.84	22.31	283	10109	419241	34527298
Biopsy bladder abnormal	71.22	22.31	10	10382	0	34946539
Cystitis	65.28	22.31	39	10353	9726	34936813
Cystitis interstitial	64.39	22.31	14	10378	161	34946378
Delirium	64.06	22.31	72	10320	43919	34902620
Agitation	63.99	22.31	82	10310	57317	34889222
Behaviour disorder	62.19	22.31	30	10362	4880	34941659
Reduced bladder capacity	61.51	22.31	9	10383	3	34946536
Respiratory depression	60.35	22.31	45	10347	16200	34930339
Drug screen positive	58.90	22.31	27	10365	3916	34942623
Product use in unapproved indication	52.55	22.31	111	10281	117388	34829151
Drug dependence	52.26	22.31	49	10343	24168	34922371
Delayed recovery from anaesthesia	51.57	22.31	16	10376	785	34945754
Cardiac arrest	51.56	22.31	98	10294	96061	34850478
Anal inflammation	51.54	22.31	18	10374	1282	34945257
Allergy test negative	51.12	22.31	11	10381	120	34946419
Hyperhidrosis	50.66	22.31	85	10307	75607	34870932
Contracted bladder	50.06	22.31	8	10384	11	34946528
Diabetes insipidus	49.95	22.31	22	10370	2906	34943633
Mydriasis	48.62	22.31	29	10363	7208	34939331
Toxicity to various agents	48.50	22.31	150	10242	200212	34746327
Cholestasis	46.03	22.31	48	10344	26900	34919639
Fatigue	45.55	22.31	27	10365	370626	34575913
Drug ineffective for unapproved indication	45.53	22.31	45	10347	23670	34922869
SARS-CoV-2 test negative	43.83	22.31	15	10377	1005	34945534
Pulseless electrical activity	43.57	22.31	27	10365	7184	34939355
Dyspnoea	42.81	22.31	30	10362	376752	34569787
Metabolic acidosis	41.89	22.31	58	10334	43622	34902917
Pneumonia	39.72	22.31	30	10362	362597	34583942
Propofol infusion syndrome	36.86	22.31	13	10379	953	34945586
Miosis	36.72	22.31	27	10365	9508	34937031
Hypercapnia	36.50	22.31	20	10372	4235	34942304
Abdominal compartment syndrome	33.24	22.31	12	10380	941	34945598
Biliary dilatation	32.70	22.31	12	10380	986	34945553
Diarrhoea	32.58	22.31	41	10351	389871	34556668
Hypoventilation	31.94	22.31	17	10375	3397	34943142
Circulatory collapse	31.57	22.31	35	10357	21003	34925536
Intentional product misuse	31.53	22.31	52	10340	45559	34900980
Hyperammonaemia	31.45	22.31	21	10371	6346	34940193
Drug use disorder	31.33	22.31	18	10374	4173	34942366
Accidental death	31.08	22.31	15	10377	2441	34944098
Hyperarousal	31.06	22.31	6	10386	36	34946503
Accident	30.75	22.31	19	10373	5028	34941511
Anaphylactoid shock	30.33	22.31	9	10383	379	34946160
Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome	30.31	22.31	8	10384	218	34946321
Substance abuse	30.24	22.31	22	10370	7619	34938920
Rhabdomyolysis	29.96	22.31	64	10328	68099	34878440
Urinary tract disorder	29.41	22.31	14	10378	2210	34944329
Hypoxia	29.30	22.31	56	10336	55039	34891500
Disorientation	28.76	22.31	42	10350	33146	34913393
Biliary tract disorder	28.63	22.31	11	10381	1027	34945512
Anaemia	28.59	22.31	17	10375	233318	34713221
Ureteral polyp	28.49	22.31	4	10388	0	34946539
Hypertonia	28.48	22.31	17	10375	4229	34942310
Airway complication of anaesthesia	28.12	22.31	7	10385	150	34946389
Aggression	27.71	22.31	45	10347	38919	34907620
Cholangiolitis	27.57	22.31	5	10387	20	34946519
Bladder disorder	26.88	22.31	15	10377	3289	34943250
Haematuria traumatic	26.48	22.31	7	10385	192	34946347
Axillary pain	26.14	22.31	8	10384	375	34946164
Apnoea	25.95	22.31	19	10373	6645	34939894
Type I hypersensitivity	25.91	22.31	11	10381	1328	34945211
Asthenia	25.90	22.31	21	10371	245230	34701309
Neonatal hypoxia	25.66	22.31	8	10384	399	34946140
Brief psychotic disorder with marked stressors	25.44	22.31	7	10385	224	34946315
Coma	24.99	22.31	47	10345	45631	34900908
Laryngospasm	24.57	22.31	11	10381	1510	34945029
Headache	24.04	22.31	15	10377	200620	34745919
Paradoxical drug reaction	24.01	22.31	14	10378	3337	34943202
Diastolic hypertension	23.91	22.31	5	10387	47	34946492
Complication of device removal	23.28	22.31	5	10387	54	34946485
Myocardial infarction	23.26	22.31	4	10388	121081	34825458
Cardio-respiratory arrest	23.25	22.31	51	10341	55222	34891317
Drug tolerance	23.22	22.31	13	10379	2869	34943670
Transcranial electrical motor evoked potential monitoring abnormal	22.94	22.31	4	10388	12	34946527
Multiple-drug resistance	22.84	22.31	16	10376	5223	34941316
Anaesthetic complication neurological	22.79	22.31	7	10385	332	34946207
Chest pain	22.64	22.31	5	10387	126757	34819782

FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (Geriatric)

MedDRA adverse event term	Likelihood ratio	Likelihood ratio threshold	Patients taking drug having adverse event	Patients taking drug not having adverse event	Patients not taking drug having adverse event	Patients not taking drug not having adverse event
Anaphylactic shock	1102.69	18.94	398	20595	35598	79687797
Drug abuse	288.01	18.94	279	20714	162412	79560983
Drug ineffective	279.70	18.94	763	20230	1080150	78643245
Hypotension	213.30	18.94	400	20593	439917	79283478
Bronchospasm	204.39	18.94	109	20884	24750	79698645
Hydronephrosis	197.54	18.94	95	20898	17359	79706036
Propofol infusion syndrome	187.85	18.94	52	20941	1931	79721464
Drug ineffective for unapproved indication	187.50	18.94	134	20859	51104	79672291
Anaphylactic reaction	175.67	18.94	158	20835	83585	79639810
Cystitis ulcerative	166.59	18.94	23	20970	0	79723395
Sedation	154.68	18.94	120	20873	51775	79671620
Body tinea	150.11	18.94	43	20950	1811	79721584
Agitation	132.84	18.94	147	20846	99568	79623827
Reduced bladder capacity	130.38	18.94	18	20975	0	79723395
Hyperaesthesia	127.70	18.94	63	20930	12159	79711236
Respiratory depression	121.63	18.94	81	20912	27549	79695846
Multiple-drug resistance	121.53	18.94	55	20938	8753	79714642
Off label use	121.41	18.94	515	20478	906700	78816695
Mitochondrial DNA mutation	120.75	18.94	27	20966	406	79722989
Infection susceptibility increased	120.64	18.94	43	20950	3678	79719717
Oesophageal spasm	119.90	18.94	42	20951	3414	79719981
Arthralgia	119.54	18.94	8	20985	571795	79151600
Biliary dilatation	116.74	18.94	39	20954	2747	79720648
Tachycardia	113.79	18.94	183	20810	177585	79545810
Dilatation intrahepatic duct acquired	111.39	18.94	28	20965	710	79722685
Oesophageal pain	111.15	18.94	42	20951	4237	79719158
Cardiac arrest	109.92	18.94	177	20816	171919	79551476
Inhibitory drug interaction	109.52	18.94	42	20951	4411	79718984
Bradycardia	107.20	18.94	154	20839	135403	79587992
Delirium	106.26	18.94	121	20872	84506	79638889
Allergy test negative	105.14	18.94	23	20970	311	79723084
Intra-abdominal pressure increased	103.46	18.94	22	20971	258	79723137
Hypercapnia	102.19	18.94	49	20944	8886	79714509
Cystitis	101.75	18.94	95	20898	52637	79670758
Nightmare	95.39	18.94	68	20925	25793	79697602
Contracted bladder	91.70	18.94	14	20979	14	79723381
Cholestasis	89.41	18.94	88	20905	52021	79671374
Glucose tolerance impaired	88.42	18.94	43	20950	8041	79715354
Metabolic acidosis	87.10	18.94	108	20885	82421	79640974
Sterile pyuria	83.74	18.94	15	20978	64	79723331
Product used for unknown indication	82.54	18.94	26	20967	1518	79721877
Headache	81.81	18.94	35	20958	653737	79069658
Cystitis interstitial	81.11	18.94	25	20968	1358	79722037
Bladder hypertrophy	79.90	18.94	21	20972	638	79722757
Poor quality sleep	79.81	18.94	58	20935	22664	79700731
Drug dependence	79.71	18.94	74	20919	40695	79682700
Biopsy bladder abnormal	79.67	18.94	11	20982	0	79723395
Miosis	78.57	18.94	50	20943	15739	79707656
Pneumatosis	78.20	18.94	22	20971	867	79722528
Type I hypersensitivity	75.40	18.94	32	20961	4366	79719029
Cardio-respiratory arrest	73.91	18.94	115	20878	108395	79615000
Necrosis ischaemic	73.77	18.94	22	20971	1068	79722327
Shock	71.85	18.94	72	20921	43476	79679919
Anaphylactoid shock	71.77	18.94	20	20973	761	79722634
Behaviour disorder	70.31	18.94	34	20959	6279	79717116
Blood lactic acid increased	70.08	18.94	43	20950	12701	79710694
Respiratory acidosis	69.91	18.94	41	20952	11159	79712236
Lymphoedema	68.55	18.94	42	20951	12371	79711024
Bone density decreased	68.25	18.94	43	20950	13304	79710091
Blood gases abnormal	67.81	18.94	21	20972	1159	79722236
Impaired quality of life	67.74	18.94	44	20949	14342	79709053
Diabetes insipidus	66.90	18.94	31	20962	5206	79718189
Ureteral polyp	65.19	18.94	9	20984	0	79723395
Dyspnoea	64.23	18.94	79	20914	856946	78866449
Status epilepticus	64.12	18.94	53	20940	24988	79698407
CSF oligoclonal band present	63.67	18.94	16	20977	405	79722990
Gene mutation	61.31	18.94	24	20969	2662	79720733
Sedation complication	59.63	18.94	42	20951	15627	79707768
Bladder disorder	58.39	18.94	34	20959	9131	79714264
Unwanted awareness during anaesthesia	57.41	18.94	14	20979	312	79723083
Product use in unapproved indication	57.25	18.94	170	20823	250189	79473206
Biliary tract disorder	56.87	18.94	20	20973	1644	79721751
Urinary tract disorder	56.85	18.94	25	20968	3717	79719678
Drug screen positive	56.71	18.94	29	20964	6034	79717361
Impaired work ability	55.34	18.94	44	20949	19637	79703758
Mydriasis	55.16	18.94	42	20951	17601	79705794
Joint swelling	54.87	18.94	6	20987	288640	79434755
Intensive care unit acquired weakness	53.94	18.94	20	20973	1913	79721482
Purpura	53.51	18.94	43	20950	19484	79703911
Hepatocellular injury	52.97	18.94	64	20929	47529	79675866
Lower urinary tract symptoms	52.56	18.94	12	20981	199	79723196
Drug use disorder	52.24	18.94	31	20962	8620	79714775
Laryngospasm	52.12	18.94	24	20969	3973	79719422
Nephrolithiasis	51.86	18.94	67	20926	53224	79670171
Airway peak pressure increased	51.59	18.94	13	20980	333	79723062
Asthenia	51.43	18.94	36	20957	511653	79211742
Partial seizures	51.17	18.94	31	20962	8947	79714448
Abdominal discomfort	50.88	18.94	4	20989	250723	79472672
Intestinal infarction	49.29	18.94	17	20976	1319	79722076
Delayed recovery from anaesthesia	49.24	18.94	18	20975	1655	79721740
Intestinal ischaemia	49.17	18.94	35	20958	13235	79710160
Diarrhoea	48.99	18.94	99	20894	880390	78843005
Nasopharyngitis	48.96	18.94	5	20988	253876	79469519
Anal inflammation	48.16	18.94	17	20976	1413	79721982
Hyperhidrosis	45.75	18.94	114	20879	151378	79572017
Sleep apnoea syndrome	45.48	18.94	52	20941	36426	79686969
Status asthmaticus	45.42	18.94	15	20978	1019	79722376
Hallucination	45.15	18.94	81	20912	85664	79637731
Local anaesthetic systemic toxicity	45.13	18.94	15	20978	1039	79722356
Pleocytosis	44.28	18.94	16	20977	1423	79721972
Circulatory collapse	44.13	18.94	52	20941	37616	79685779
Hypoxia	43.84	18.94	89	20904	103154	79620241
Ultrasound ovary abnormal	43.81	18.94	9	20984	88	79723307
Peripheral swelling	43.48	18.94	9	20984	269608	79453787
Alopecia	43.48	18.94	5	20988	231350	79492045
Hyperlipidaemia	42.77	18.94	43	20950	26050	79697345
Oral herpes	42.74	18.94	44	20949	27410	79695985
Stress cardiomyopathy	42.65	18.94	30	20963	11136	79712259
Cough	42.15	18.94	22	20971	366767	79356628
Intentional product misuse	41.56	18.94	83	20910	95082	79628313
Hypoventilation	41.32	18.94	25	20968	7199	79716196
SARS-CoV-2 test negative	41.27	18.94	15	20978	1356	79722039
Ureteric stenosis	41.05	18.94	15	20978	1377	79722018
Haemodynamic instability	40.81	18.94	35	20958	17347	79706048
Drug withdrawal syndrome	40.79	18.94	48	20945	34670	79688725
Ureteral disorder	40.67	18.94	12	20981	561	79722834
Rheumatoid arthritis	40.47	18.94	4	20989	208466	79514929
Lung hyperinflation	40.29	18.94	16	20977	1843	79721552
Drug intolerance	40.22	18.94	10	20983	264109	79459286
Decreased appetite	40.15	18.94	20	20973	342398	79380997
Swelling	39.94	18.94	5	20988	216706	79506689
Airway complication of anaesthesia	39.71	18.94	11	20982	409	79722986
Blood pH decreased	39.66	18.94	21	20972	4690	79718705
Chest pain	38.74	18.94	13	20980	282291	79441104
Oedema peripheral	37.56	18.94	10	20983	252278	79471117
Tonic clonic movements	37.24	18.94	16	20977	2248	79721147
Disease progression	37.23	18.94	3	20990	184359	79539036
PCO2 increased	36.98	18.94	15	20978	1825	79721570
Skin disorder	36.71	18.94	45	20948	33898	79689497
Pain in extremity	36.13	18.94	26	20967	364512	79358883
Tinnitus	35.92	18.94	51	20942	44282	79679113
Toxicity to various agents	35.80	18.94	211	20782	421329	79302066
Anaemia	35.40	18.94	39	20954	444976	79278419
Systemic inflammatory response syndrome	35.19	18.94	27	20966	11438	79711957
Anaesthetic complication neurological	35.07	18.94	11	20982	633	79722762
Apnoea	34.70	18.94	27	20966	11677	79711718
Product dose omission issue	34.67	18.94	11	20982	247526	79475869
Venoocclusive liver disease	34.56	18.94	27	20966	11744	79711651
Infusion related reaction	34.51	18.94	9	20984	230228	79493167
Weight decreased	34.34	18.94	26	20967	355172	79368223
Pulseless electrical activity	34.24	18.94	29	20964	14131	79709264
Perforation	33.46	18.94	13	20980	1413	79721982
Withdrawal syndrome	33.00	18.94	38	20955	26816	79696579
Arthropathy	32.85	18.94	4	20989	177107	79546288
Drug abuser	32.32	18.94	20	20973	5993	79717402
Blood creatine phosphokinase increased	31.72	18.94	60	20933	66030	79657365
Coma	31.70	18.94	77	20916	100572	79622823
Dehydration	31.41	18.94	13	20980	248174	79475221
Fall	31.37	18.94	50	20943	487579	79235816
Acute generalised exanthematous pustulosis	31.19	18.94	30	20963	17224	79706171
Substance abuse	30.59	18.94	24	20969	10502	79712893
Accidental death	30.23	18.94	17	20976	4274	79719121
Drug tolerance	30.13	18.94	22	20971	8653	79714742
Intensive care unit delirium	29.56	18.94	6	20987	55	79723340
Rhabdomyolysis	29.44	18.94	76	20917	103055	79620340
Urinary tract infection	29.32	18.94	18	20975	274494	79448901
Paradoxical drug reaction	29.07	18.94	20	20973	7165	79716230
Transcranial electrical motor evoked potential monitoring abnormal	29.04	18.94	5	20988	16	79723379
Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome	28.95	18.94	8	20985	295	79723100
Bladder necrosis	28.81	18.94	5	20988	17	79723378
Abdominal compartment syndrome	28.64	18.94	12	20981	1585	79721810
Dissociative disorder	28.56	18.94	10	20983	811	79722584
Fatigue	28.54	18.94	137	20856	929590	78793805
Diastolic hypotension	27.86	18.94	7	20986	177	79723218
Haematuria traumatic	27.39	18.94	7	20986	190	79723205
Cholangiolitis	27.26	18.94	5	20988	25	79723370
PO2 decreased	27.21	18.94	14	20979	2949	79720446
Euthyroid sick syndrome	26.85	18.94	6	20987	90	79723305
Hypertonia	26.62	18.94	19	20974	7213	79716182
Hyperarousal	26.49	18.94	5	20988	30	79723365
Dysphoria	26.09	18.94	16	20977	4718	79718677
Antisocial behaviour	25.92	18.94	9	20984	712	79722683
Paralysis	25.90	18.94	24	20969	13153	79710242
Post procedural stroke	25.82	18.94	6	20987	108	79723287
Accident	25.37	18.94	20	20973	8811	79714584
Macroglossia	25.02	18.94	10	20983	1171	79722224
Bradypnoea	24.85	18.94	17	20976	6035	79717360
Acidosis	24.34	18.94	28	20965	19734	79703661
Brief psychotic disorder with marked stressors	24.27	18.94	7	20986	302	79723093
Pyuria	24.19	18.94	12	20981	2340	79721055
Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome	24.05	18.94	78	20915	120168	79603227
Injection site pain	23.90	18.94	3	20990	129835	79593560
Pneumonia	23.44	18.94	92	20901	660154	79063241
Hyperammonaemia	23.36	18.94	21	20972	11072	79712323
Upper airway obstruction	23.19	18.94	10	20983	1418	79721977
General physical health deterioration	23.12	18.94	23	20970	275215	79448180
Myalgia	23.04	18.94	10	20983	185631	79537764
Aggression	22.90	18.94	45	20948	50913	79672482
Cholangitis sclerosing	22.90	18.94	12	20981	2625	79720770
Neuromuscular block prolonged	22.79	18.94	9	20984	1021	79722374
Arrhythmia	22.72	18.94	50	20943	61222	79662173
Renal infarct	22.67	18.94	12	20981	2679	79720716
Pain	22.56	18.94	102	20891	703700	79019695
Depressed level of consciousness	22.39	18.94	66	20927	96586	79626809
Blood bicarbonate decreased	22.31	18.94	15	20978	5176	79718219
Mucocutaneous haemorrhage	22.24	18.94	6	20987	202	79723193
Diastolic hypertension	22.01	18.94	5	20988	81	79723314
Haemoglobin decreased	21.78	18.94	16	20977	222103	79501292
Hepatotoxicity	21.47	18.94	44	20949	51308	79672087
Aplastic anaemia	21.43	18.94	25	20968	17880	79705515
Intentional product misuse to child	21.41	18.94	5	20988	92	79723303
Therapy non-responder	21.35	18.94	63	20930	92242	79631153
Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome	21.23	18.94	12	20981	3045	79720350
Mania	21.04	18.94	25	20968	18235	79705160
Oxygen saturation decreased	20.85	18.94	78	20915	128969	79594426
Musculoskeletal stiffness	20.83	18.94	10	20983	174998	79548397
Cyanosis	20.44	18.94	29	20964	25153	79698242
Brain oedema	20.37	18.94	29	20964	25234	79698161
Symptom masked	20.19	18.94	9	20984	1381	79722014
Encephalitis	20.04	18.94	22	20971	14738	79708657
Mobility decreased	19.84	18.94	4	20989	122171	79601224
Disorientation	19.73	18.94	48	20945	62728	79660667
Back pain	19.72	18.94	31	20962	304149	79419246
Nystagmus	19.39	18.94	18	20975	9886	79713509

FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (Pediatric)

None

Pharmacologic Action:

Source	Code	Description
ATC	N01AX03	NERVOUS SYSTEM ANESTHETICS ANESTHETICS, GENERAL Other general anesthetics
MeSH PA	D000700	Analgesics
MeSH PA	D000777	Anesthetics
MeSH PA	D000778	Anesthetics, Dissociative
MeSH PA	D018686	Anesthetics, Intravenous
MeSH PA	D002491	Central Nervous System Agents
MeSH PA	D002492	Central Nervous System Depressants
MeSH PA	D018691	Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists
MeSH PA	D018377	Neurotransmitter Agents
MeSH PA	D018373	Peripheral Nervous System Agents
MeSH PA	D018689	Sensory System Agents
CHEBI has role	CHEBI:35703	Xenobiotic
CHEBI has role	CHEBI:38877	intravenous anesthetics
CHEBI has role	CHEBI:50910	agente neurotoxico
CHEBI has role	CHEBI:60643	N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonists
CHEBI has role	CHEBI:78298	environmental contaminants
FDA EPC	N0000175681	General Anesthetic
FDA PE	N0000175975	General Anesthesia

Drug Use | Suggest Off label Use Form| |View source of the data|

Disease	Relation	SNOMED_ID	DOID
General anesthesia	indication	50697003
Local anesthesia	indication	386761002
Pain	off-label use	22253000
Inflammatory disease of mucous membrane	off-label use	95361005
Major depressive disorder	off-label use	370143000
Delirium	contraindication	2776000
Ocular hypertension	contraindication	4210003	DOID:9282
Alcoholism	contraindication	7200002
Myocardial infarction	contraindication	22298006	DOID:5844
Alcohol intoxication	contraindication	25702006
Hypertensive disorder	contraindication	38341003	DOID:10763
Decreased respiratory function	contraindication	80954004
Thyrotoxicosis	contraindication	90739004	DOID:7997
Acute disease of cardiovascular system	contraindication	128487001
Decompensated cardiac failure	contraindication	195111005
Cerebrovascular accident	contraindication	230690007
Raised intracranial pressure	contraindication	271719001	DOID:9428
Cerebral trauma	contraindication	275382005
Impaired cognition	contraindication	386806002
Myocardial ischemia	contraindication	414795007	DOID:3393
Hypertensive urgency	contraindication	443482000
Psychiatric Disturbance	contraindication
Cardiac Decompensation	contraindication

🐶 Veterinary Drug Use

Species	Use	Relation
Cats	Restraint	Indication
Cats	Anesthesia in diagnostic or minor surgical procedures that do not require skeletal muscle relaxation	Indication
Primates	Restraint	Indication
Primates	Anesthesia in diagnostic or minor surgical procedures that do not require skeletal muscle relaxation	Indication

🐶 Veterinary products

Product	Applicant	Ingredients
Ketaset	Zoetis Inc.	1
Ketaset, Vetalar	Boehringer lngelheim Animal Health USA Inc.	1
Ketaset Plus	Zoetis Inc.	3
Ketamine Hydrochloride Injection	Cronus Pharma Specialities India Private Limited	1
Ketamine Hydrochloride Injection, USP	Elanco US Inc.	1
VetaKet	Akorn Animal Health Inc.	1
Ketamine Hydrochloride Injection, USP	Dechra Veterinary Products LLC	1
Ketamine HCL	Mylan Institutional LLC, a Viatris Company	1

Acid dissociation constants calculated using MoKa v3.0.0

Dissociation level	Dissociation constant	Type (acidic/basic)
pKa1	7.65	Basic

Orange Book patent data (new drug applications)

None

Orange Book exclusivity data (new drug applications)

None

Bioactivity Summary:

Target	Class	Pharos	UniProt	Action	Type	Activity value (-log[M])	Bioact source	MoA source
Glutamate [NMDA] receptor	Ion channel	O15399 O60391 Q05586 Q12879 Q13224 Q14957 Q8TCU5	NMDE4_HUMAN NMD3B_HUMAN NMDZ1_HUMAN NMDE1_HUMAN NMDE2_HUMAN NMDE3_HUMAN NMD3A_HUMAN	BLOCKER	Ki	6.38	CHEMBL	CHEMBL
Glutamate receptor ionotropic AMPA	Ion channel	P42261 P42262 P42263 P48058	GRIA1_HUMAN GRIA2_HUMAN GRIA3_HUMAN GRIA4_HUMAN	OPENER			SCIENTIFIC LITERATURE	SCIENTIFIC LITERATURE
Acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha	Ion channel		ACHA_TORCA		IC50	5.31	CHEMBL
Glutamate NMDA receptor	Ion channel		NMDZ1_RAT NMDE1_RAT NMDE2_RAT NMDE3_RAT NMDE4_RAT NMD3B_RAT NMD3A_RAT		IC50	6.21	CHEMBL

External reference:

ID	Source
4019796	VUID
N0000147885	NUI
D00711	KEGG_DRUG
1867-66-9	SECONDARY_CAS_RN
4018154	VANDF
4019796	VANDF
C0022614	UMLSCUI
CHEBI:6121	CHEBI
CHEMBL742	ChEMBL_ID
DB01221	DRUGBANK_ID
CHEMBL1714	ChEMBL_ID
D007649	MESH_DESCRIPTOR_UI
3821	PUBCHEM_CID
4233	IUPHAR_LIGAND_ID
2156	INN_ID
690G0D6V8H	UNII
203184	RXNORM
4944	MMSL
9883	MMSL
d00272	MMSL
001403	NDDF
004581	NDDF
31706007	SNOMEDCT_US
333847008	SNOMEDCT_US
373464007	SNOMEDCT_US

Pharmaceutical products:

Product	Category	Ingredients	NDC	Form	Quantity	Route	Marketing	Label
Ketamine Hydrochloride	HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL	1	0143-9508	INJECTION	50 mg	INTRAMUSCULAR	ANDA	27 sections
Ketamine Hydrochloride	HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL	1	0143-9508	INJECTION	50 mg	INTRAMUSCULAR	ANDA	27 sections
Ketamine Hydrochloride	HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL	1	0143-9509	INJECTION	100 mg	INTRAMUSCULAR	ANDA	27 sections
Ketamine Hydrochloride	HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL	1	0143-9509	INJECTION	100 mg	INTRAMUSCULAR	ANDA	27 sections
KETALAR	HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL	1	0404-9880	INJECTION	10 mg	INTRAVENOUS	NDA	17 sections
KETALAR	HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL	1	0404-9880	INJECTION	10 mg	INTRAVENOUS	NDA	17 sections
KETAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE	HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL	1	0404-9881	INJECTION, SOLUTION, CONCENTRATE	100 mg	INTRAMUSCULAR	ANDA	19 sections
KETAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE	HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL	1	0404-9881	INJECTION, SOLUTION, CONCENTRATE	100 mg	INTRAMUSCULAR	ANDA	19 sections
KETAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE	HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL	1	0404-9881	INJECTION, SOLUTION, CONCENTRATE	100 mg	INTRAMUSCULAR	ANDA	19 sections
KETAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE	HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL	1	0404-9882	INJECTION, SOLUTION, CONCENTRATE	50 mg	INTRAMUSCULAR	ANDA	14 sections
KETAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE	HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL	1	0404-9882	INJECTION, SOLUTION, CONCENTRATE	50 mg	INTRAMUSCULAR	ANDA	14 sections
Ketamine Hydrochloride	HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL	1	0409-0040	INJECTION, SOLUTION, CONCENTRATE	100 mg	INTRAMUSCULAR	ANDA	31 sections
Ketamine Hydrochloride	HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL	1	0409-0040	INJECTION, SOLUTION, CONCENTRATE	100 mg	INTRAMUSCULAR	ANDA	31 sections
Ketamine Hydrochloride	HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL	1	0409-2051	INJECTION, SOLUTION, CONCENTRATE	100 mg	INTRAMUSCULAR	ANDA	31 sections
Ketamine Hydrochloride	HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL	1	0409-2051	INJECTION, SOLUTION, CONCENTRATE	100 mg	INTRAMUSCULAR	ANDA	31 sections
Ketamine Hydrochloride	HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL	1	0409-2053	INJECTION, SOLUTION, CONCENTRATE	50 mg	INTRAMUSCULAR	ANDA	31 sections
Ketamine Hydrochloride	HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL	1	0409-2053	INJECTION, SOLUTION, CONCENTRATE	50 mg	INTRAMUSCULAR	ANDA	31 sections
Ketamine Hydrochloride	HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL	1	25021-682	INJECTION, SOLUTION	10 mg	INTRAVENOUS	ANDA	31 sections
Ketamine Hydrochloride	HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL	1	25021-683	INJECTION, SOLUTION	50 mg	INTRAVENOUS	ANDA	31 sections
Ketamine Hydrochloride	HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL	1	25021-684	INJECTION, SOLUTION	100 mg	INTRAVENOUS	ANDA	31 sections
Ketalar	HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL	1	42023-113	INJECTION	10 mg	INTRAMUSCULAR	NDA	27 sections
Ketalar	HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL	1	42023-113	INJECTION	10 mg	INTRAMUSCULAR	NDA	27 sections
Ketalar	HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL	1	42023-114	INJECTION	50 mg	INTRAMUSCULAR	NDA	27 sections
Ketalar	HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL	1	42023-114	INJECTION	50 mg	INTRAMUSCULAR	NDA	27 sections
Ketalar	HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL	1	42023-115	INJECTION	100 mg	INTRAMUSCULAR	NDA	27 sections
Ketalar	HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL	1	42023-115	INJECTION	100 mg	INTRAMUSCULAR	NDA	27 sections
KETALAR	HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL	1	52584-037	INJECTION	10 mg	INTRAVENOUS	NDA	19 sections
KETALAR	HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL	1	52584-037	INJECTION	10 mg	INTRAVENOUS	NDA	19 sections
KETAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE	HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL	1	52584-038	INJECTION, SOLUTION, CONCENTRATE	50 mg	INTRAMUSCULAR	ANDA	14 sections
KETAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE	HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL	1	52584-040	INJECTION, SOLUTION, CONCENTRATE	100 mg	INTRAMUSCULAR	ANDA	19 sections