AI ASSISTANT
Ask DrugCentral
Explore drug properties, targets, and indications with answers grounded in DrugCentral.
Powered by DrugCentral + retrieval-augmented AIYour question
Ask in your own words. Each question is answered independently.
Explore sample questions
Select a question to fill the editor, then ask it or make it your own.
DrugCentral answer
Your answer will appear here. Open linked drug cards in a new tab to explore the source details.
About Ask DrugCentral
Ask DrugCentral helps you explore drug properties, biological targets, and indications using natural language. Sample questions offer starting points, and linked drug cards let you check the underlying records.
General architecture
- Ask a questionThe browser sends your question to the same-origin Django chat API.
- Retrieve and generateThe API forwards the question to the configured DrugCentral retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) service, which returns an AI-generated answer.
- Explore the answerThe app resolves cited drug-card names and displays the answer with links to drug records.
Using the assistant
Each request is independent; previous questions are not sent as conversation history. You can edit a sample before submitting, retry a failed request, or switch back to normal search. Drug links open in a new tab so your question and answer stay available.
Answers may contain mistakes or omit information. Verify details against DrugCentral records and original sources.
AI can make mistakes. Verify answers against the original sources before relying on them.
profenamine 🐶 Veterinary Use | Indications/Contra | FAERs-F | FAERs-M | Orange Bk | PK/Tox | Related Drugs | BioActivity |
| Stem definition | Drug id | CAS RN |
|---|---|---|
| 1086 | 522-00-9 |
Description:
| Molecule | Description |
|---|---|
|
Synonyms:
|
Legend: OFP - off patent OFM - off market ONP - on patent |
Drug dosage:
None
ADMET properties:
| Property | Value | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| MRTD (Maximum Recommended Therapeutic Daily Dose) | 32.00 µM/kg/day | Contrera JF, Matthews EJ, Kruhlak NL, Benz RD |
| BA (Bioavailability) | 5 % | Kim MT, Sedykh A, Chakravarti SK, Saiakhov RD, Zhu H |
Predicted pharmacokinetic/toxicological properties (PK-AZ):
| Property | Description | Value | Unit | Confidence | Similarity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| azlogd74 | LogD at pH 7.4 | 3.349 | Moderate | 0.76 | |
| caco2-efflux | Caco-2 efflux ratio (BA/AB) | 0.859 | Moderate | 0.76 | |
| caco2-intrinsic-papp | Caco-2 intrinsic apparent permeability | 19.187 | 10^-6 cm/s | Moderate | 0.76 |
| dh-clint | Dog hepatocyte intrinsic clearance | 79.799 | uL/min/10^6 cells | Moderate | 0.76 |
| dppb | Dog plasma protein binding (% unbound) | 4.180 | % | Moderate | 0.76 |
| fcs-ppb | Fetal calf serum protein binding (% unbound) | 9.760 | % | Moderate | 0.76 |
| herg | hERG pIC50 | 5.996 | pIC50 | Moderate | 0.76 |
| hh-clint | Human hepatocyte intrinsic clearance | 11.749 | uL/min/10^6 cells | Moderate | 0.76 |
| hlm-clint | Human liver microsomal intrinsic clearance | 56.105 | uL/min/mg protein | Moderate | 0.76 |
| hppb | Human plasma protein binding (% unbound) | 2.600 | % | Moderate | 0.76 |
| kinase-safety-class | ACVR2B,AKT2,AKT3,AXL,BRAF,BTK,CAMK2B,CAMK2D,CDK5,CDK9,DYRK1B,EIF2AK3,EPHB4,ERBB2,GRK2,ITK,JAK2,JAK3,MAP3K7,MAPK10,MAPK12,MAPK7,MET,NTRK2,PDK2,PDK4,PDPK1,PIM2,PRKDC,SIK2,SIK3,STK33,TEK,TTK | 34 | |||
| kinase-selectivity-class | PDK4 | 1 | |||
| mdck-mdr1-efflux | MDCK-MDR1 efflux ratio | 0.408 | Moderate | 0.76 | |
| mh-clint | Mouse hepatocyte intrinsic clearance | 170.216 | Moderate | 0.76 | |
| mppb | Mouse plasma protein binding (% unbound) | 4.910 | Moderate | 0.76 | |
| nih-mdck-mdr1-efflux | NIH MDCK-MDR1 efflux ratio | 2.667 | Moderate | 0.76 | |
| pfas-class | PFAS structural alert (1 = True, 0 = False) | 0 | |||
| pld-class | Phospholipidosis risk class (1 = positive, 0 = negative) | 1 | Moderate | 0.76 | |
| pppb | Pig plasma protein binding (% unbound) | 14.150 | % | Moderate | 0.76 |
| rh-clint | Rat hepatocyte intrinsic clearance | 225.424 | uL/min/10^6 cells | Moderate | 0.76 |
| rh-fuinc | Rat hepatocyte fraction unbound in incubation | 20.750 | % | Moderate | 0.76 |
| rppb | Rat plasma protein binding (% unbound) | 5.250 | % | Moderate | 0.76 |
| solubility-dd | Solubility at pH 7.4 in DMSO | 247.172 | uM | Moderate | 0.76 |
Approvals:
| Date | Agency | Company | Orphan |
|---|---|---|---|
| None | FDA | PARKE DAVIS |
FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (Female)
None
FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (Male)
None
FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (Geriatric)
None
FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (Pediatric)
None
Pharmacologic Action:
| Source | Code | Description |
|---|---|---|
| ATC | N04AA05 | NERVOUS SYSTEM ANTI-PARKINSON DRUGS ANTICHOLINERGIC AGENTS Tertiary amines |
| MeSH PA | D006633 | Histamine Antagonists |
| MeSH PA | D018377 | Neurotransmitter Agents |
| MeSH PA | D018494 | Histamine Agents |
| MeSH PA | D018663 | Adrenergic Agents |
| MeSH PA | D018674 | Adrenergic Antagonists |
| MeSH PA | D018678 | Cholinergic Agents |
| MeSH PA | D018680 | Cholinergic Antagonists |
| MeSH PA | D018727 | Muscarinic Antagonists |
| CHEBI has role | CHEBI:37887 | adrenergic antagonist |
| CHEBI has role | CHEBI:37956 | histamine antagonist |
| CHEBI has role | CHEBI:48407 | antiparkinson drug |
| CHEBI has role | CHEBI:48876 | muscarinic antagonist |
| CHEBI has role | CHEBI:66956 | antidyskinesia agent |
Related Drugs by ATC class:
N04AA Tertiary amines 9 drugs
Drug Use | Suggest Off label Use Form| |View source of the data|
| Disease | Relation | SNOMED_ID | DOID |
|---|---|---|---|
| Urinary tract obstruction | contraindication | 7163005 | DOID:5200 |
| Chronic obstructive lung disease | contraindication | 13645005 | DOID:3083 |
| Severe chronic ulcerative colitis | contraindication | 14311001 | |
| Disorder of autonomic nervous system | contraindication | 15241006 | |
| Toxic megacolon | contraindication | 28536002 | DOID:1770 |
| Atony of colon | contraindication | 29479008 | |
| Shigellosis | contraindication | 36188001 | |
| Hypertensive disorder | contraindication | 38341003 | DOID:10763 |
| Conduction disorder of the heart | contraindication | 44808001 | |
| Low blood pressure | contraindication | 45007003 | |
| Achalasia of esophagus | contraindication | 45564002 | DOID:9164 |
| Chronic heart failure | contraindication | 48447003 | |
| Dysuria | contraindication | 49650001 | |
| Paralytic ileus | contraindication | 55525008 | DOID:8442 |
| Ulcerative colitis | contraindication | 64766004 | DOID:8577 |
| Hiatal hernia | contraindication | 84089009 | DOID:12642 |
| Open-angle glaucoma | contraindication | 84494001 | DOID:1067 |
| Kidney disease | contraindication | 90708001 | DOID:557 |
| Thyrotoxicosis | contraindication | 90739004 | DOID:7997 |
| Myasthenia gravis | contraindication | 91637004 | DOID:437 |
| Tardive dyskinesia | contraindication | 102449007 | |
| Dysentery | contraindication | 111939009 | |
| Gastrointestinal obstruction | contraindication | 126765001 | |
| Bleeding | contraindication | 131148009 | |
| Gastroesophageal reflux disease | contraindication | 235595009 | DOID:8534 |
| Disease of liver | contraindication | 235856003 | DOID:409 |
| Benign prostatic hyperplasia | contraindication | 266569009 | |
| Retention of urine | contraindication | 267064002 | |
| Fever | contraindication | 386661006 | |
| Angle-closure glaucoma | contraindication | 392291006 | DOID:13550 |
| Pseudomembranous enterocolitis | contraindication | 397683000 | |
| Gastric ulcer | contraindication | 397825006 | DOID:10808 |
| Disorder of coronary artery | contraindication | 414024009 |
🐶 Veterinary Drug Use
None
🐶 Veterinary products
None
Acid dissociation constants calculated using MoKa v3.0.0
| Dissociation level | Dissociation constant | Type (acidic/basic) |
|---|---|---|
| pKa1 | 9.48 | Basic |
| pKa2 | 3.55 | Basic |
Orange Book patent data (new drug applications)
None
Orange Book exclusivity data (new drug applications)
None
Bioactivity Summary:
| Target | Class | Pharos | UniProt | Action | Type | Activity value (-log[M]) | Mechanism action | Bioact source | MoA source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1 | GPCR | ANTAGONIST | WOMBAT-PK | CHEMBL | |||||
| Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3A | Ion channel | WOMBAT-PK | |||||||
| Acetylcholinesterase | Enzyme | Ki | 4.61 | CHEMBL | |||||
| Cholinesterase | Enzyme | Ki | 7.70 | CHEMBL | |||||
| Solute carrier family 22 member 1 | Transporter | IC50 | 4.69 | CHEMBL | |||||
| Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2 | GPCR | ANTAGONIST | Ki | 8.14 | IUPHAR | ||||
| Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1 | GPCR | ANTAGONIST | Ki | 8.51 | IUPHAR | ||||
| Butyrylcholinesterase | Enzyme | Ki | 7.70 | CHEMBL | |||||
| Cholinesterase | Enzyme | IC50 | 6.14 | CHEMBL |
External reference:
| ID | Source |
|---|---|
| 4019750 | VUID |
| N0000147841 | NUI |
| D08426 | KEGG_DRUG |
| 1094-08-2 | SECONDARY_CAS_RN |
| 4018635 | VANDF |
| 4019750 | VANDF |
| C0015042 | UMLSCUI |
| CHEBI:313639 | CHEBI |
| CHEMBL1206 | ChEMBL_ID |
| CHEMBL1200970 | ChEMBL_ID |
| DB00392 | DRUGBANK_ID |
| C084820 | MESH_SUPPLEMENTAL_RECORD_UI |
| 4180 | INN_ID |
| 7WI4P02YN1 | UNII |
| 3290 | PUBCHEM_CID |
| 4134 | RXNORM |
| NOCODE | MMSL |
| 001652 | NDDF |
| 004669 | NDDF |
| 52850008 | SNOMEDCT_US |
| 83309005 | SNOMEDCT_US |
| 7181 | IUPHAR_LIGAND_ID |
| 7WI4P02YN1 | INXIGHT DRUGS |
Pharmaceutical products:
None