ADVERSE REACTIONS SECTION.

ADVERSE REACTIONS. The following adverse experiences have been reported with the topical use of metronidazole: burning, skin irritation, dryness, transient redness, metallic taste, tingling or numbness of extremities and nausea.

CARCINOGENESIS & MUTAGENESIS & IMPAIRMENT OF FERTILITY SECTION.

Carcinogenesis, mutagenesis, impairment of fertility:. Metronidazole has shown evidence of carcinogenic activity in number of studies involving chronic, oral administration in mice and rats but not in studies involving hamsters.Metronidazole has shown evidence of mutagenic activity in several in vitro bacterial assay systems. In addition, dose-response increase in the frequency of micronuclei was observed in mice after intraperitoneal injections and an increase in chromosome aberrations have been reported in patients with Crohns disease who were treated with 200-1200 mg/day of metronidazole for to 24 months. However, no excess chromosomal aberrations in circulating human lymphocytes have been observed in patients treated for months.

CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY SECTION.

CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY. Bioavailability studies on the topical administration of gram of metronidazole gel (7.5 mg of metronidazole) to the face of 10 rosacea patients showed maximum serum concentration of 66 nanograms per milliliter in one patient. This concentration is approximately 100 times less than concentrations afforded by single 250 mg oral tablet. The serum metronidazole concentrations were below the detectable limits of the assay at the majority of time points in all patients. Three of the patients had no detectable serum concentrations of metronidazole at any time point. The mean dose of gel applied during clinical studies was 600 mg which represents 4.5 mg of metronidazole per application. Therefore, under normal usage levels, the formulation affords minimal serum concentrations of metronidazole. The mechanisms by which metronidazole gel acts in the treatment of rosacea are unknown, but appear to include an anti-inflammatory effect.

CONTRAINDICATIONS SECTION.

CONTRAINDICATIONS. Metronidazole gel is contraindicated in individuals with history of hypersensitivity to metronidazole, parabens, or other ingredients of the formulation.

DESCRIPTION SECTION.

DESCRIPTION. Metronidazole Gel USP 0.75% contains metronidazole, USP, at concentration of 7.5 mg per gram (0.75%) in gel consisting of purified water, methylparaben, propylparaben, propylene glycol, carbomer 940, sodium hydroxide, and edetate disodium. Metronidazole is classified therapeutically as an antiprotozoal and anti-bacterial agent. Chemically, metronidazole is named 2-methyl-5-nitroimidazole-1-ethanol and has the following structure:. Chemical Structure.

DOSAGE & ADMINISTRATION SECTION.

DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION. Apply and rub in thin film of metronidazole gel twice daily, morning and evening, to entire affected areas after washing. Areas to be treated should be cleansed before application of metronidazole gel. Patients may use cosmetics after application of metronidazole gel.

DRUG INTERACTIONS SECTION.

Drug interactions: Oral metronidazole has been reported to potentiate the anticoagulant effect of coumarin and warfarin resulting in prolongation of prothrombin time. The effect of topical metronidazole on prothrombin time is not known.

GENERAL PRECAUTIONS SECTION.

General: Metronidazole gel has been reported to cause tearing of the eyes. Therefore, contact with the eyes should be avoided. If reaction suggesting local irritation occurs, patients should be directed to use the medication less frequently or discontinue use. Metronidazole is nitroimidazole and should be used with care in patients with evidence of, or history of blood dyscrasia.

HOW SUPPLIED SECTION.

HOW SUPPLIED. Metronidazole Gel USP 0.75% is supplied as follows:45 gram tube NDC 0168-0275-45Store at 20 to 25C (68 to 77F)[see USP Controlled Room Temperature].E. FOUGERA CO.A division of Fougera Pharmaceuticals Inc.Melville, New York 11747I2275DR07/1387.

INDICATIONS & USAGE SECTION.

INDICATIONS AND USAGE. Metronidazole gel is indicated for topical application in the treatment of inflammatory papules and pustules of rosacea.

INFORMATION FOR PATIENTS SECTION.

Information for patients: This medication is to be used as directed by the physician. It is for external use only. Avoid contact with the eyes.

NURSING MOTHERS SECTION.

Nursing mothers: After oral administration, metronidazole is secreted in breast milk in concentrations similar to those found in the plasma. Even though metronidazole gel blood levels are significantly lower than those achieved after oral metronidazole, decision should be made whether to discontinue nursing or to discontinue the drug, taking into account the importance of the drug to the mother.

PACKAGE LABEL.PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL.

PACKAGE LABEL PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL 45 GRAM TUBE NDC 0168-0275-45Fougera(R)METRONIDAZOLE GEL USP 0.75% Rx only FOR TOPICAL USE ONLY. NOT FOR OPHTHALMIC USE. WARNING: KEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDREN. NET WT 45 grams 45gContainerLabel.

PEDIATRIC USE SECTION.

Pediatric use: Safety and effectiveness in pediatric patients have not been established.

PRECAUTIONS SECTION.

PRECAUTIONS:. General: Metronidazole gel has been reported to cause tearing of the eyes. Therefore, contact with the eyes should be avoided. If reaction suggesting local irritation occurs, patients should be directed to use the medication less frequently or discontinue use. Metronidazole is nitroimidazole and should be used with care in patients with evidence of, or history of blood dyscrasia.. Information for patients: This medication is to be used as directed by the physician. It is for external use only. Avoid contact with the eyes.. Drug interactions: Oral metronidazole has been reported to potentiate the anticoagulant effect of coumarin and warfarin resulting in prolongation of prothrombin time. The effect of topical metronidazole on prothrombin time is not known.. Carcinogenesis, mutagenesis, impairment of fertility:. Metronidazole has shown evidence of carcinogenic activity in number of studies involving chronic, oral administration in mice and rats but not in studies involving hamsters.Metronidazole has shown evidence of mutagenic activity in several in vitro bacterial assay systems. In addition, dose-response increase in the frequency of micronuclei was observed in mice after intraperitoneal injections and an increase in chromosome aberrations have been reported in patients with Crohns disease who were treated with 200-1200 mg/day of metronidazole for to 24 months. However, no excess chromosomal aberrations in circulating human lymphocytes have been observed in patients treated for months.. Pregnancy: Teratogenic effects: Pregnancy category B:. There has been no experience to date with the use of metronidazole gel in pregnant patients. Metronidazole crosses the placental barrier and enters the fetal circulation rapidly. No fetotoxicity was observed after oral metronidazole in rats or mice. However, because animal reproduction studies are not always predictive of human response and since oral metronidazole has been shown to be carcinogen in some rodents, this drug should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed.. Nursing mothers: After oral administration, metronidazole is secreted in breast milk in concentrations similar to those found in the plasma. Even though metronidazole gel blood levels are significantly lower than those achieved after oral metronidazole, decision should be made whether to discontinue nursing or to discontinue the drug, taking into account the importance of the drug to the mother.. Pediatric use: Safety and effectiveness in pediatric patients have not been established.

SPL UNCLASSIFIED SECTION.

FOR TOPICAL USE ONLY.NOT FOR OPHTHALMIC USE. Rx only.

TERATOGENIC EFFECTS SECTION.

Pregnancy: Teratogenic effects: Pregnancy category B:. There has been no experience to date with the use of metronidazole gel in pregnant patients. Metronidazole crosses the placental barrier and enters the fetal circulation rapidly. No fetotoxicity was observed after oral metronidazole in rats or mice. However, because animal reproduction studies are not always predictive of human response and since oral metronidazole has been shown to be carcinogen in some rodents, this drug should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed.. Nursing mothers: After oral administration, metronidazole is secreted in breast milk in concentrations similar to those found in the plasma. Even though metronidazole gel blood levels are significantly lower than those achieved after oral metronidazole, decision should be made whether to discontinue nursing or to discontinue the drug, taking into account the importance of the drug to the mother.. Pediatric use: Safety and effectiveness in pediatric patients have not been established.