apalutamide 🐶 Veterinary Use | Indications/Contra | FAERs-F | FAERs-M | Orange Bk | PK/Tox | Related Drugs | BioActivity |

Stem definitionDrug idCAS RN
non-steroid antiandrogens 5278 956104-40-8

Description:

MoleculeDescription

Molfile Inchi Smiles

Synonyms:

  • apalutamide
  • ARN-509
  • JNJ-56021927
  • erleada
Apalutamide is an Androgen Receptor (AR) inhibitor that binds directly to the ligand-binding domain of the AR. Apalutamide inhibits AR nuclear translocation, inhibits DNA binding, and impedes AR-mediated transcription. A major metabolite, N-desmethyl apalutamide, is a less potent inhibitor of AR, and exhibited one-third the activity of apalutamide in an in vitro transcriptional reporter assay. Apalutamide administration caused decreased tumor cell proliferation and increased apoptosis leading to decreased tumor volume in mouse xenograft models of prostate cancer.
  • Molecular weight: 477.44
  • Formula: C21H15F4N5O2S
  • CLOGP: 2.14
  • LIPINSKI: 0
  • HAC: 7
  • HDO: 1
  • TPSA: 89.33
  • ALOGS: -5.43
  • ROTB: 4

  • Status: OFP

  • Legend:
    OFP - off patent
    OFM - off market
    ONP - on patent

Drug dosage:

DoseUnitRoute
0.24 g O

ADMET properties:

PropertyValueReference
BDDCS (Biopharmaceutical Drug Disposition Classification System) 2 Bocci G, Oprea TI, Benet LZ

Predicted pharmacokinetic/toxicological properties (PK-AZ):

PropertyDescriptionValueUnitConfidenceSimilarity
azlogd74 LogD at pH 7.4 2.601 High 0.81
caco2-efflux Caco-2 efflux ratio (BA/AB) 1.683 High 0.81
caco2-intrinsic-papp Caco-2 intrinsic apparent permeability 43.954 10^-6 cm/s High 0.81
dh-clint Dog hepatocyte intrinsic clearance 3.664 uL/min/10^6 cells High 0.81
dppb Dog plasma protein binding (% unbound) 7.300 % High 0.81
fcs-ppb Fetal calf serum protein binding (% unbound) 18.600 % High 0.81
herg hERG pIC50 4.861 pIC50 High 0.81
hh-clint Human hepatocyte intrinsic clearance 3.304 uL/min/10^6 cells High 0.81
hlm-clint Human liver microsomal intrinsic clearance 3.491 uL/min/mg protein High 0.81
hppb Human plasma protein binding (% unbound) 5.200 % High 0.81
kinase-safety-class EIF2AK3,GRK2,PDK1,PDK2,PDK4 5
kinase-selectivity-class EIF2AK3,GRK2,PDK1 3
mdck-mdr1-efflux MDCK-MDR1 efflux ratio 3.581 High 0.81
mh-clint Mouse hepatocyte intrinsic clearance 20.324 High 0.81
mppb Mouse plasma protein binding (% unbound) 4.330 High 0.81
nih-mdck-mdr1-efflux NIH MDCK-MDR1 efflux ratio 7.816 High 0.81
pfas-class PFAS structural alert (1 = True, 0 = False) 1
pppb Pig plasma protein binding (% unbound) 11.910 % High 0.81
rh-clint Rat hepatocyte intrinsic clearance 6.622 uL/min/10^6 cells High 0.81
rh-fuinc Rat hepatocyte fraction unbound in incubation 44.550 % High 0.81
rppb Rat plasma protein binding (% unbound) 4.040 % High 0.81
solubility-dd Solubility at pH 7.4 in DMSO 15.631 uM High 0.81

Approvals:

DateAgencyCompanyOrphan
March 26, 2019 PMDA Janssen Pharmaceutical K.K.
Jan. 14, 2019 EMA JANSSEN-CILAG INTERNATIONAL N.V.
Feb. 14, 2018 FDA JANSSEN BIOTECH

FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (Female)

None

FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (Male)

MedDRA adverse event termLikelihood ratioLikelihood ratio thresholdPatients taking drug having adverse eventPatients taking drug not having adverse eventPatients not taking drug having adverse eventPatients not taking drug not having adverse event
Rash 927.72 20.11 698 11275 276256 42333106
Hot flush 599.36 20.11 228 11745 22123 42587239
Prostatic specific antigen increased 308.83 20.11 131 11842 16794 42592568
Death 237.33 20.11 450 11523 470735 42138627
Fatigue 163.22 20.11 369 11604 435272 42174090
Dermatitis exfoliative generalised 99.27 20.11 43 11930 5781 42603581
Hospitalisation 94.00 20.11 110 11863 74220 42535142
Pruritus 88.80 20.11 176 11797 188595 42420767
Therapy cessation 72.84 20.11 54 11919 20396 42588966
Decreased appetite 61.34 20.11 154 11819 192983 42416379
Fall 56.54 20.11 169 11804 234351 42375011
Interstitial lung disease 53.30 20.11 86 11887 78376 42530986
Prostate cancer metastatic 47.09 20.11 27 11946 6602 42602760
Hypothyroidism 44.75 20.11 50 11923 32034 42577328
Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms 44.58 20.11 57 11916 42018 42567344
Blood thyroid stimulating hormone increased 44.27 20.11 24 11949 5268 42604094
Metastases to bone 43.74 20.11 35 11938 14774 42594588
Taste disorder 41 20.11 29 11944 10178 42599184
Rash pruritic 39.56 20.11 48 11925 33555 42575807
Agranulocytosis 38.13 20.11 45 11928 30567 42578795
Product dose omission issue 36.89 20.11 111 11862 154254 42455108
Erythema 36.84 20.11 89 11884 108704 42500658
Drug eruption 35.73 20.11 38 11935 23037 42586325
Physical deconditioning 35.32 20.11 16 11957 2389 42606973
Prostatic specific antigen abnormal 34.27 20.11 12 11961 912 42608450
Eczema 34.26 20.11 45 11928 34041 42575321
Acute kidney injury 33.94 20.11 32 11941 367305 42242057
Treatment noncompliance 33.71 20.11 47 11926 37625 42571737
Asthenia 33.04 20.11 161 11812 280632 42328730
Toxicity to various agents 32.33 20.11 12 11961 229124 42380238
Pollakiuria 31.25 20.11 35 11938 22470 42586892
Heat illness 31.21 20.11 9 11964 363 42608999
Rash maculo-papular 30.92 20.11 45 11928 37458 42571904
Hypertension 30.74 20.11 110 11863 167094 42442268
Lichenoid keratosis 30.52 20.11 17 11956 3933 42605429
Incorrect dosage administered 30.31 20.11 13 11960 1705 42607657
Stevens-Johnson syndrome 29.96 20.11 34 11939 22144 42587218
Skin toxicity 29.58 20.11 20 11953 6529 42602833
Dry skin 27.51 20.11 49 11924 48289 42561073
Erectile dysfunction 26.77 20.11 34 11939 24879 42584483
Intestinal transit time decreased 26.04 20.11 6 11967 97 42609265
Dizziness 25.84 20.11 138 11835 249116 42360246
Toxic epidermal necrolysis 24.87 20.11 34 11939 26716 42582646
Blood testosterone increased 24.85 20.11 11 11962 1556 42607806
Therapy interrupted 23.33 20.11 30 11943 22220 42587142
Rash erythematous 22.89 20.11 36 11937 32055 42577307
Condition aggravated 22.57 20.11 24 11949 260730 42348632
Hormone-refractory prostate cancer 22.45 20.11 9 11964 995 42608367
Pelvic pain 22.43 20.11 13 11960 3241 42606121
Prostatic specific antigen decreased 22.02 20.11 6 11967 196 42609166
Adverse event 21.90 20.11 30 11943 23610 42585752
Restless legs syndrome 20.78 20.11 19 11954 9595 42599767
Product size issue 20.76 20.11 8 11965 797 42608565
Emergency care 20.53 20.11 7 11966 491 42608871
Listless 20.34 20.11 10 11963 1793 42607569
Drug ineffective 20.17 20.11 100 11873 630097 41979265

FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (Geriatric)

MedDRA adverse event termLikelihood ratioLikelihood ratio thresholdPatients taking drug having adverse eventPatients taking drug not having adverse eventPatients not taking drug having adverse eventPatients not taking drug not having adverse event
Hot flush 461.97 22.01 180 8676 65856 110514587
Rash 420.54 22.01 414 8442 820550 109759893
Prostatic specific antigen increased 329.84 22.01 93 8763 12418 110568025
Death 186.88 22.01 253 8603 698616 109881827
Dermatitis exfoliative generalised 113.70 22.01 40 8816 10932 110569511
Fatigue 108.64 22.01 274 8582 1215684 109364759
Interstitial lung disease 81.21 22.01 76 8780 139258 110441185
Decreased appetite 66.88 22.01 129 8727 475717 110104726
Pruritus 66.81 22.01 145 8711 581415 109999028
Erectile dysfunction 64.71 22.01 31 8825 18525 110561918
Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms 58.13 22.01 50 8806 82045 110498398
Agranulocytosis 55.02 22.01 43 8813 61717 110518726
Prostatic specific antigen abnormal 52.82 22.01 12 8844 667 110579776
Prostate cancer metastatic 51.12 22.01 18 8838 4925 110575518
Eczema 49.09 22.01 43 8813 72250 110508193
Physical deconditioning 48.84 22.01 16 8840 3521 110576922
Erythema 45.84 22.01 83 8773 291364 110289079
Fall 45.37 22.01 128 8728 603354 109977089
Lichenoid keratosis 43.31 22.01 17 8839 6285 110574158
Drug eruption 40.67 22.01 34 8822 53625 110526818
Dry skin 38.06 22.01 45 8811 107608 110472835
Pollakiuria 37.70 22.01 30 8826 44165 110536278
Metastases to bone 37.30 22.01 26 8830 31346 110549097
Heat illness 35.66 22.01 9 8847 783 110579660
Treatment noncompliance 35.34 22.01 36 8820 72954 110507489
Rash maculo-papular 33.05 22.01 35 8821 74187 110506256
Product dose omission issue 32.11 22.01 76 8780 321706 110258737
Intestinal transit time decreased 32.11 22.01 6 8850 125 110580318
Hospitalisation 31.02 22.01 47 8809 142446 110437997
Asthenia 30.24 22.01 122 8734 688877 109891566
Drug interaction 28.15 22.01 96 8760 500087 110080356
Toxic epidermal necrolysis 27.50 22.01 28 8828 56699 110523744
Stevens-Johnson syndrome 26.17 22.01 25 8831 46876 110533567
Therapy cessation 25.20 22.01 24 8832 44833 110535610
Skin exfoliation 25.14 22.01 33 8823 87618 110492825
Incorrect dosage administered 24.94 22.01 10 8846 3908 110576535
Product size issue 24.87 22.01 7 8849 924 110579519
Blood thyroid stimulating hormone increased 24.15 22.01 14 8842 12287 110568156
Rash erythematous 23.76 22.01 31 8825 81801 110498642
Listless 23.57 22.01 10 8846 4505 110575938
Blood pressure increased 22.55 22.01 58 8798 258315 110322128

FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (Pediatric)

None

Pharmacologic Action:

SourceCodeDescription
ATC L02BB05 ANTINEOPLASTIC AND IMMUNOMODULATING AGENTS
ENDOCRINE THERAPY
HORMONE ANTAGONISTS AND RELATED AGENTS
Anti-androgens
CHEBI has role CHEBI:35610 antineoplastic agent

Related Drugs by ATC class:

L02BB Anti-androgens 5 drugs

Drug Use | Suggest Off label Use Form| |View source of the data|

DiseaseRelationSNOMED_IDDOID
Metastasis from malignant tumor of prostate indication 314994000
Malignant tumor of prostate indication 399068003 DOID:10283
Castration-resistant prostate cancer indication 427492003
Pregnancy, function contraindication 289908002




🐶 Veterinary Drug Use

None

🐶 Veterinary products

None

Acid dissociation constants calculated using MoKa v3.0.0

Dissociation levelDissociation constantType (acidic/basic)
pKa1 12.88 acidic

Orange Book patent data (new drug applications)

Formulation strengthTrade nameApplicantApplication numberApproval dateTypeDose formRoutePatent numberPatent expiration datePatent use
240MG ERLEADA JANSSEN BIOTECH N210951 Feb. 17, 2023 RX TABLET ORAL 8802689 March 27, 2027 TREATMENT OF METASTATIC CASTRATION-SENSITIVE PROSTATE CANCER (MCSPC)
240MG ERLEADA JANSSEN BIOTECH N210951 Feb. 17, 2023 RX TABLET ORAL 8802689 March 27, 2027 TREATMENT OF NON-METASTATIC, CASTRATION-RESISTANT PROSTATE CANCER (NM-CRPC)
60MG ERLEADA JANSSEN BIOTECH N210951 Feb. 14, 2018 RX TABLET ORAL 8802689 March 27, 2027 TREATMENT OF METASTATIC CASTRATION-SENSITIVE PROSTATE CANCER (MCSPC)
60MG ERLEADA JANSSEN BIOTECH N210951 Feb. 14, 2018 RX TABLET ORAL 8802689 March 27, 2027 TREATMENT OF NON-METASTATIC, CASTRATION-RESISTANT PROSTATE CANCER (NM-CRPC)
240MG ERLEADA JANSSEN BIOTECH N210951 Feb. 17, 2023 RX TABLET ORAL 8445507 Feb. 14, 2032 TREATMENT OF METASTATIC CASTRATION-SENSITIVE PROSTATE CANCER (MCSPC)
240MG ERLEADA JANSSEN BIOTECH N210951 Feb. 17, 2023 RX TABLET ORAL 8445507 Feb. 14, 2032 TREATMENT OF NON-METASTATIC, CASTRATION-RESISTANT PROSTATE CANCER (NM-CRPC)
60MG ERLEADA JANSSEN BIOTECH N210951 Feb. 14, 2018 RX TABLET ORAL 8445507 Feb. 14, 2032 TREATMENT OF METASTATIC CASTRATION-SENSITIVE PROSTATE CANCER (MCSPC)
60MG ERLEADA JANSSEN BIOTECH N210951 Feb. 14, 2018 RX TABLET ORAL 8445507 Feb. 14, 2032 TREATMENT OF NON-METASTATIC, CASTRATION-RESISTANT PROSTATE CANCER (NM-CRPC)
240MG ERLEADA JANSSEN BIOTECH N210951 Feb. 17, 2023 RX TABLET ORAL 9481663 June 4, 2033 TREATMENT OF METASTATIC CASTRATION-SENSITIVE PROSTATE CANCER (MCSPC)
240MG ERLEADA JANSSEN BIOTECH N210951 Feb. 17, 2023 RX TABLET ORAL 9481663 June 4, 2033 TREATMENT OF NON-METASTATIC, CASTRATION-RESISTANT PROSTATE CANCER (NM-CRPC)
60MG ERLEADA JANSSEN BIOTECH N210951 Feb. 14, 2018 RX TABLET ORAL 9481663 June 4, 2033 TREATMENT OF METASTATIC CASTRATION-SENSITIVE PROSTATE CANCER (MCSPC)
60MG ERLEADA JANSSEN BIOTECH N210951 Feb. 14, 2018 RX TABLET ORAL 9481663 June 4, 2033 TREATMENT OF NON-METASTATIC, CASTRATION-RESISTANT PROSTATE CANCER (NM-CRPC)
240MG ERLEADA JANSSEN BIOTECH N210951 Feb. 17, 2023 RX TABLET ORAL 10849888 Sept. 23, 2033 TREATMENT IN COMBINATION WITH ORCHIECTOMY OF NON-METASTATIC, CASTRATION-RESISTANT PROSTATE CANCER (NMCRPC)
240MG ERLEADA JANSSEN BIOTECH N210951 Feb. 17, 2023 RX TABLET ORAL 9884054 Sept. 23, 2033 TREATMENT OF NON-METASTATIC, CASTRATION-RESISTANT PROSTATE CANCER (NM-CRPC)
240MG ERLEADA JANSSEN BIOTECH N210951 Feb. 17, 2023 RX TABLET ORAL RE49353 Sept. 23, 2033 TREATMENT IN COMBINATION WITH A GNRH AGONIST OF NON-METASTATIC, CASTRATION-RESISTANT PROSTATE CANCER (NM-CRPC)
240MG ERLEADA JANSSEN BIOTECH N210951 Feb. 17, 2023 RX TABLET ORAL RE50642 Sept. 23, 2033 TREATMENT OF NON-METASTATIC CASTRATION-RESISTANT PROSTATE CANCER (NMCRPC) BY DAILY ADMINISTRATION OF 180 MG OR 120 MG OF APALUTAMIDE TO PATIENTS RECEIVING A GONADOTROPIN-RELEASING HORMONE (GNRH) ANALOG
60MG ERLEADA JANSSEN BIOTECH N210951 Feb. 14, 2018 RX TABLET ORAL 10849888 Sept. 23, 2033 TREATMENT IN COMBINATION WITH ORCHIECTOMY OF NON-METASTATIC, CASTRATION-RESISTANT PROSTATE CANCER (NMCRPC)
60MG ERLEADA JANSSEN BIOTECH N210951 Feb. 14, 2018 RX TABLET ORAL 9884054 Sept. 23, 2033 TREATMENT OF NON-METASTATIC, CASTRATION-RESISTANT PROSTATE CANCER (NM-CRPC)
60MG ERLEADA JANSSEN BIOTECH N210951 Feb. 14, 2018 RX TABLET ORAL RE49353 Sept. 23, 2033 TREATMENT IN COMBINATION WITH A GNRH AGONIST OF NON-METASTATIC, CASTRATION-RESISTANT PROSTATE CANCER (NM-CRPC)
60MG ERLEADA JANSSEN BIOTECH N210951 Feb. 14, 2018 RX TABLET ORAL RE50642 Sept. 23, 2033 TREATMENT OF NON-METASTATIC CASTRATION-RESISTANT PROSTATE CANCER (NMCRPC) BY DAILY ADMINISTRATION OF 180 MG OR 120 MG OF APALUTAMIDE TO PATIENTS RECEIVING A GONADOTROPIN-RELEASING HORMONE (GNRH) ANALOG
240MG ERLEADA JANSSEN BIOTECH N210951 Feb. 17, 2023 RX TABLET ORAL 10702508 April 30, 2038 TREATMENT IN COMBINATION WITH ANDROGEN DEPRIVATION THERAPY OF NON-METASTATIC, CASTRATION-RESISTANT PROSTATE CANCER (NMCRPC) THAT IMPROVES METASTASIS FREE SURVIVAL
60MG ERLEADA JANSSEN BIOTECH N210951 Feb. 14, 2018 RX TABLET ORAL 10702508 April 30, 2038 TREATMENT IN COMBINATION WITH ANDROGEN DEPRIVATION THERAPY OF NON-METASTATIC, CASTRATION-RESISTANT PROSTATE CANCER (NMCRPC) THAT IMPROVES METASTASIS FREE SURVIVAL
240MG ERLEADA JANSSEN BIOTECH N210951 Feb. 17, 2023 RX TABLET ORAL 11963952 Jan. 30, 2040 TREATMENT OF METASTATIC CASTRATION SENSITIVE PROSTATE CANCER
240MG ERLEADA JANSSEN BIOTECH N210951 Feb. 17, 2023 RX TABLET ORAL 12303497 Jan. 30, 2040 DOSAGE MODIFICATION FOLLOWING GRADE 3 TOXICITY OR INTOLERABLE SIDE EFFECT BY DISCONTINUING APALUTAMIDE UNTIL IMPROVEMENT TO ORIGINAL GRADE OR GRADE I IN TREATMENT OF MCSPC PATIENTS THAT INCREASES OVERALL SURVIVAL AND PROGRESSION FREE SURVIVAL
240MG ERLEADA JANSSEN BIOTECH N210951 Feb. 17, 2023 RX TABLET ORAL 12303497 Jan. 30, 2040 IMPROVEMENT OF OVERALL SURVIVAL AND PROGRESSION FREE SURVIVAL IN METASTATIC, CASTRATION-SENSITIVE PROSTATE CANCER (MCSPC) PATIENTS BY TREATMENT WITH 240 MG ORAL APALUTAMIDE IN COMBINATION WITH ANDROGEN DEPRIVATION THERAPY
60MG ERLEADA JANSSEN BIOTECH N210951 Feb. 14, 2018 RX TABLET ORAL 11963952 Jan. 30, 2040 TREATMENT OF METASTATIC CASTRATION SENSITIVE PROSTATE CANCER
60MG ERLEADA JANSSEN BIOTECH N210951 Feb. 14, 2018 RX TABLET ORAL 12303497 Jan. 30, 2040 DOSAGE MODIFICATION FOLLOWING GRADE 3 TOXICITY OR INTOLERABLE SIDE EFFECT BY DISCONTINUING APALUTAMIDE UNTIL IMPROVEMENT TO ORIGINAL GRADE OR GRADE I IN TREATMENT OF MCSPC PATIENTS THAT INCREASES OVERALL SURVIVAL AND PROGRESSION FREE SURVIVAL
60MG ERLEADA JANSSEN BIOTECH N210951 Feb. 14, 2018 RX TABLET ORAL 12303497 Jan. 30, 2040 IMPROVEMENT OF OVERALL SURVIVAL AND PROGRESSION FREE SURVIVAL IN METASTATIC, CASTRATION-SENSITIVE PROSTATE CANCER (MCSPC) PATIENTS BY TREATMENT WITH 240 MG ORAL APALUTAMIDE IN COMBINATION WITH ANDROGEN DEPRIVATION THERAPY
240MG ERLEADA JANSSEN BIOTECH N210951 Feb. 17, 2023 RX TABLET ORAL 11723898 Jan. 14, 2041 TREATMENT OF NON-METASTATIC CASTRATION-RESISTANT PROSTATE CANCER (NMCRPC) IN A MALE HUMAN WHO HAS SEVERE HEPATIC IMPAIRMENT
60MG ERLEADA JANSSEN BIOTECH N210951 Feb. 14, 2018 RX TABLET ORAL 11723898 Jan. 14, 2041 TREATMENT OF NON-METASTATIC CASTRATION-RESISTANT PROSTATE CANCER (NMCRPC) IN A MALE HUMAN WHO HAS SEVERE HEPATIC IMPAIRMENT

Orange Book exclusivity data (new drug applications)

None

Bioactivity Summary:

TargetClassPharosUniProtActionTypeActivity value
(-log[M])
Mechanism
action
Bioact sourceMoA source
Androgen receptor Nuclear hormone receptor INHIBITOR IC50 7.80 SCIENTIFIC LITERATURE DRUG LABEL
Androgen receptor Transcription factor ANTAGONIST Ki 7.03 IUPHAR

External reference:

IDSource
4T36H88UA7 UNII
D11040 KEGG_DRUG
4037326 VANDF
C4329353 UMLSCUI
CHEBI:755199 CHEBI
CHEMBL3183409 ChEMBL_ID
24872560 PUBCHEM_CID
DB11901 DRUGBANK_ID
10118 INN_ID
C572045 MESH_SUPPLEMENTAL_RECORD_UI
9043 IUPHAR_LIGAND_ID
766972001 SNOMEDCT_US
766973006 SNOMEDCT_US
270303 MMSL
33762 MMSL
d08741 MMSL
017466 NDDF
1999574 RXNORM
4T36H88UA7 INXIGHT DRUGS

Pharmaceutical products:

ProductCategoryIngredientsNDCFormQuantityRouteMarketingLabel
ERLEADA HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL 1 59676-600 TABLET, FILM COATED 60 mg ORAL NDA 33 sections
ERLEADA HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL 1 59676-604 TABLET, FILM COATED 240 mg ORAL NDA 33 sections