zonisamide 🐶 Veterinary Use | Indications/Contra | FAERs-F | FAERs-M | Orange Bk | PK/Tox | Related Drugs | BioActivity |

Stem definitionDrug idCAS RN
2872 68291-97-4

Description:

MoleculeDescription

Molfile Inchi Smiles

Synonyms:

  • zonisamide
  • exceglan
  • excegram
  • excegran
  • zonegran
an antiseizure drug chemically classified as a sulfonamide and unrelated to other antiseizure agents, blocks sodium channels and reduces voltage-dependent, transient inward currents (T-type Ca2+ currents), consequently stabilizing neuronal membranes and suppressing neuronal hypersynchronization
  • Molecular weight: 212.22
  • Formula: C8H8N2O3S
  • CLOGP: -0.36
  • LIPINSKI: 0
  • HAC: 5
  • HDO: 1
  • TPSA: 86.19
  • ALOGS: -2.01
  • ROTB: 2
  • Status: OFP
    • Legend:
    OFP - off patent
    OFM - off market
    ONP - on patent

Drug dosage:

DoseUnitRoute
0.20 g O

ADMET properties:

PropertyValueReference
BDDCS (Biopharmaceutical Drug Disposition Classification System) 1 Benet LZ, Broccatelli F, Oprea TI
S (Water solubility) 0.80 mg/mL Benet LZ, Broccatelli F, Oprea TI
EoM (Fraction excreted unchanged in urine) 22 % Benet LZ, Broccatelli F, Oprea TI
MRTD (Maximum Recommended Therapeutic Daily Dose) 40.39 µM/kg/day Contrera JF, Matthews EJ, Kruhlak NL, Benz RD
BA (Bioavailability) 99 % Kim MT, Sedykh A, Chakravarti SK, Saiakhov RD, Zhu H

Predicted pharmacokinetic/toxicological properties (PK-AZ):

PropertyDescriptionValueUnitConfidenceSimilarity
kinase-safety-class ACVR2B,AXL,BRAF,CAMK2D,CDK5,CDK9,EIF2AK3,ERBB2,GRK2,ITK,MAPK7,PDK1,PDK2,PDK4,PRKDC,TEK 16
kinase-selectivity-class AXL,BRAF,GRK2 3
pfas-class PFAS structural alert (1 = True, 0 = False) 0
pld-class Phospholipidosis risk class (1 = positive, 0 = negative) 0 High 1

Approvals:

DateAgencyCompanyOrphan
March 27, 2000 FDA EISAI INC
March 10, 2005 EMA
Dec. 4, 2008 PMDA Dainippon Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd.

FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (Female)

MedDRA adverse event termLikelihood ratioLikelihood ratio thresholdPatients taking drug having adverse eventPatients taking drug not having adverse eventPatients not taking drug having adverse eventPatients not taking drug not having adverse event
Seizure 1056.85 16.31 520 15384 152109 90460434
Multiple-drug resistance 446.06 16.31 126 15778 7650 90604893
Status epilepticus 237.56 16.31 98 15806 18776 90593767
Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms 209.51 16.31 116 15788 42642 90569901
Drug ineffective 186.76 16.31 597 15307 1383701 89228842
Generalised tonic-clonic seizure 182.89 16.31 99 15805 34804 90577739
Irritability 132.84 16.31 81 15823 35581 90576962
Aggression 129.63 16.31 72 15832 26596 90585947
Ataxia 125.70 16.31 62 15842 17980 90594563
Atonic seizures 125.18 16.31 29 15875 787 90611756
Somnolence 118.77 16.31 164 15740 208920 90403623
Cognitive disorder 114.60 16.31 96 15808 69311 90543232
Epilepsy 112.17 16.31 102 15802 82104 90530439
Stevens-Johnson syndrome 94.98 16.31 61 15843 29315 90583228
Drug interaction 90.89 16.31 169 15735 276284 90336259
Drug resistance 88.13 16.31 59 15845 30390 90582153
Focal dyscognitive seizures 86.48 16.31 29 15875 3115 90609428
Partial seizures 82.27 16.31 35 15869 7225 90605318
Petit mal epilepsy 80.67 16.31 31 15873 4927 90607616
Product substitution issue 75.09 16.31 44 15860 17964 90594579
Drug eruption 69.05 16.31 54 15850 35353 90577190
Suicidal behaviour 65.62 16.31 23 15881 2821 90609722
Psychotic disorder 63.88 16.31 49 15855 31181 90581362
Dyskinesia 63.32 16.31 52 15852 36482 90576061
Therapeutic response unexpected 62.36 16.31 42 15862 21838 90590705
Drug withdrawal convulsions 58.33 16.31 18 15886 1482 90611061
Hereditary optic atrophy 56.12 16.31 9 15895 28 90612515
Infantile spasms 55.39 16.31 12 15892 238 90612305
Vestibular migraine 55.29 16.31 12 15892 240 90612303
Change in seizure presentation 54.76 16.31 14 15890 578 90611965
Joint swelling 54.60 16.31 11 15893 503289 90109254
Myoclonic epilepsy 52.77 16.31 17 15887 1610 90610933
Tonic convulsion 51.67 16.31 17 15887 1721 90610822
Choroidal effusion 50.77 16.31 14 15890 775 90611768
Suicidal ideation 49.66 16.31 63 15841 73792 90538751
Sudden unexplained death in epilepsy 49.54 16.31 12 15892 396 90612147
Infusion related reaction 47.57 16.31 8 15896 416772 90195771
Systemic lupus erythematosus 45.91 16.31 5 15899 361891 90250652
Glossodynia 44.75 16.31 3 15901 321776 90290767
Hallucination, visual 44.55 16.31 35 15869 23057 90589486
Contraindicated product administered 44.48 16.31 3 15901 320136 90292407
Hyperammonaemic encephalopathy 44.35 16.31 17 15887 2682 90609861
Arthropathy 44.15 16.31 6 15898 366236 90246307
Abnormal behaviour 43.01 16.31 34 15870 22594 90589949
Ovarian granulosa-theca cell tumour 42.48 16.31 7 15897 27 90612516
Depressed mood 42.22 16.31 48 15856 50174 90562369
Depression 40.19 16.31 130 15774 300471 90312072
Epilepsy with myoclonic-atonic seizures 40.02 16.31 8 15896 105 90612438
Verbal abuse 39.88 16.31 8 15896 107 90612436
Renal tubular acidosis 39.55 16.31 15 15889 2300 90610243
Arthralgia 38.66 16.31 48 15856 778474 89834069
Therapeutic product effective for unapproved indication 38.43 16.31 8 15896 130 90612413
Hallucination 37.75 16.31 52 15852 65907 90546636
Abortion spontaneous 37.75 16.31 47 15857 54009 90558534
Rheumatoid arthritis 37.12 16.31 9 15895 362605 90249938
Oculomucocutaneous syndrome 36.86 16.31 8 15896 160 90612383
Swelling 36.43 16.31 14 15890 419044 90193499
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome 36.05 16.31 26 15878 15070 90597473
Bipolar disorder 34.96 16.31 21 15883 8964 90603579
Herpes oesophagitis 34.82 16.31 8 15896 209 90612334
Tremor 34.22 16.31 80 15824 153093 90459450
Pneumonia aspiration 34.19 16.31 39 15865 40901 90571642
Agitation 34.12 16.31 50 15854 67048 90545495
Epileptic psychosis 33.81 16.31 6 15898 39 90612504
Off label use 33.51 16.31 317 15587 1101935 89510608
Dropped head syndrome 33.23 16.31 8 15896 257 90612286
Toxic epidermal necrolysis 32.41 16.31 34 15870 32494 90580049
Anticonvulsant drug level increased 32.39 16.31 12 15892 1724 90610819
Therapeutic product ineffective for unapproved indication 32.22 16.31 8 15896 293 90612250
Diplopia 32.22 16.31 32 15872 28682 90583861
Brown tumour 32.19 16.31 6 15898 53 90612490
Placental infarction 31.88 16.31 8 15896 306 90612237
Anger 31.33 16.31 23 15881 13697 90598846
Electroencephalogram abnormal 31.30 16.31 15 15889 4081 90608462
Hypertension 31.24 16.31 21 15883 457511 90155032
Mood altered 30.96 16.31 25 15879 17119 90595424
Retinogram abnormal 30.92 16.31 7 15897 171 90612372
Intentional overdose 30.30 16.31 57 15847 93777 90518766
Dyspnoea 30.17 16.31 69 15835 880886 89731657
Drug level increased 29.42 16.31 30 15874 27732 90584811
Sedation 29.11 16.31 39 15865 48132 90564411
Delusion 28.92 16.31 22 15882 13818 90598725
Withdrawal syndrome 28.85 16.31 27 15877 22497 90590046
Abdominal discomfort 28.65 16.31 25 15879 477303 90135240
Coma 28.43 16.31 48 15856 72584 90539959
Suicide attempt 28.42 16.31 49 15855 75350 90537193
Therapeutic response changed 27.91 16.31 10 15894 1307 90611236
Magnetic resonance imaging head abnormal 27.89 16.31 12 15892 2544 90609999
Electrocardiogram PR prolongation 27.85 16.31 9 15895 861 90611682
Postictal paralysis 27.54 16.31 7 15897 282 90612261
Upper respiratory tract inflammation 27.38 16.31 12 15892 2660 90609883
Hepatic function abnormal 27.25 16.31 37 15867 46251 90566292
Lichen planus 26.88 16.31 12 15892 2779 90609764
Hepatic enzyme increased 26.78 16.31 15 15889 360721 90251822
Pain 26.67 16.31 88 15816 996253 89616290
Behaviour disorder 26.66 16.31 14 15890 4621 90607922
Myoclonus 26.54 16.31 24 15880 19144 90593399
Hallucination, auditory 26.14 16.31 22 15882 15953 90596590
Encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis 25.81 16.31 7 15897 364 90612179
Impaired healing 25.61 16.31 5 15899 234194 90378349
Calculus urinary 25.43 16.31 10 15894 1688 90610855
Disturbance in attention 25.26 16.31 36 15868 47073 90565470
Mood swings 24.96 16.31 24 15880 20678 90591865
Affective disorder 24.73 16.31 16 15888 7777 90604766
Severe myoclonic epilepsy of infancy 24.58 16.31 5 15899 72 90612471
Infantile apnoea 24.39 16.31 9 15895 1278 90611265
Wheezing 24.18 16.31 6 15898 238074 90374469
Nephrolithiasis 24.12 16.31 36 15868 49049 90563494
Discomfort 24.10 16.31 9 15895 274326 90338217
Endometrial cancer 23.93 16.31 12 15892 3600 90608943
Drug level decreased 23.78 16.31 17 15887 9713 90602830
Diarrhoea 23.73 16.31 85 15819 939105 89673438
Anticonvulsant drug level decreased 23.66 16.31 9 15895 1391 90611152
Overdose 23.63 16.31 71 15833 157638 90454905
Peripheral swelling 23.17 16.31 23 15881 413083 90199460
Bromoderma 22.81 16.31 4 15900 24 90612519
Hypothermia 22.55 16.31 20 15884 15555 90596988
Placental disorder 22.43 16.31 9 15895 1602 90610941
Erythema multiforme 22.41 16.31 18 15886 12228 90600315
Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome 22.41 16.31 12 15892 4118 90608425
Immunoglobulins decreased 22.35 16.31 9 15895 1617 90610926
Developmental delay 21.96 16.31 9 15895 1691 90610852
Gastrointestinal disorder 21.59 16.31 9 15895 256678 90355865
Altered state of consciousness 21.34 16.31 27 15877 31505 90581038
Nasopharyngitis 21.33 16.31 24 15880 407080 90205463
Musculoskeletal stiffness 21.05 16.31 13 15891 296519 90316024
Seizure cluster 20.93 16.31 6 15898 383 90612160
Product complaint 20.88 16.31 18 15886 13482 90599061
Depressed level of consciousness 20.80 16.31 42 15862 72742 90539801
Gestational diabetes 20.32 16.31 16 15888 10566 90601977
Microcephaly 20.20 16.31 8 15896 1376 90611167
Musculoskeletal pain 20.16 16.31 3 15901 171248 90441295
Exposure during pregnancy 20.09 16.31 89 15815 238321 90374222
Sinus arrhythmia 19.85 16.31 8 15896 1441 90611102
Restless legs syndrome 19.77 16.31 22 15882 22448 90590095
C-reactive protein increased 19.56 16.31 4 15900 181385 90431158
Hypotonia 19.24 16.31 16 15888 11410 90601133
Stress cardiomyopathy 19.04 16.31 17 15887 13338 90599205
Loss of consciousness 19.02 16.31 61 15843 140177 90472366
Drug ineffective for unapproved indication 18.50 16.31 38 15866 66606 90545937
Stomatitis 18.21 16.31 13 15891 274685 90337858
Osteoarthritis 17.90 16.31 6 15898 195724 90416819
Fall 17.88 16.31 145 15759 481665 90130878
Human herpes virus 6 serology positive 17.77 16.31 4 15900 95 90612448
Ammonia increased 17.72 16.31 11 15893 4975 90607568
Aphasia 17.70 16.31 29 15875 42783 90569760
Myopia 17.63 16.31 8 15896 1924 90610619
Foetal exposure during pregnancy 17.62 16.31 29 15875 42946 90569597
Intentional product use issue 17.61 16.31 8 15896 216884 90395659
Dysmetria 17.50 16.31 6 15898 689 90611854
Oedema 16.88 16.31 7 15897 200288 90412255
Toxicity to various agents 16.87 16.31 97 15807 287749 90324794
Bradycardia 16.79 16.31 42 15862 83805 90528738
Ureterolithiasis 16.63 16.31 8 15896 2194 90610349
Anticoagulation drug level abnormal 16.51 16.31 4 15900 132 90612411

FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (Male)

MedDRA adverse event termLikelihood ratioLikelihood ratio thresholdPatients taking drug having adverse eventPatients taking drug not having adverse eventPatients not taking drug having adverse eventPatients not taking drug not having adverse event
Seizure 656.62 18.34 399 10592 120162 42490182
Status epilepticus 347.82 18.34 136 10855 15442 42594902
Multiple-drug resistance 295.31 18.34 99 10892 7223 42603121
Drug ineffective 177.83 18.34 453 10538 629744 41980600
Generalised tonic-clonic seizure 157.37 18.34 93 10898 26286 42584058
Ataxia 152.14 18.34 77 10914 16048 42594296
Somnolence 148.34 18.34 182 10809 140923 42469421
Epilepsy 137.36 18.34 85 10906 26086 42584258
Partial seizures 119.62 18.34 48 10943 5811 42604533
Aggression 105.65 18.34 89 10902 44074 42566270
Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms 86.91 18.34 78 10913 41997 42568347
Developmental delay 86.10 18.34 32 10959 3150 42607194
Calculus urinary 71.75 18.34 24 10967 1733 42608611
Drug interaction 71.36 18.34 189 10802 266810 42343534
Postictal psychosis 68.66 18.34 15 10976 206 42610138
Dyspnoea 67.15 18.34 16 10975 442605 42167739
Electroencephalogram abnormal 66.25 18.34 26 10965 2966 42607378
Neonatal pneumonia 64.04 18.34 13 10978 122 42610222
Irritability 63.78 18.34 55 10936 28073 42582271
Focal dyscognitive seizures 63.75 18.34 21 10970 1446 42608898
Pneumonia aspiration 63.08 18.34 71 10920 50007 42560337
Petit mal epilepsy 61.26 18.34 26 10965 3624 42606720
Neonatal hypotension 58.44 18.34 13 10978 195 42610149
Nystagmus 57.48 18.34 28 10963 5368 42604976
Stevens-Johnson syndrome 55.70 18.34 46 10945 22132 42588212
Choroidal effusion 54.68 18.34 13 10978 265 42610079
Tonic convulsion 53.52 18.34 19 10972 1640 42608704
Myoclonic epilepsy 53.35 18.34 19 10972 1655 42608689
Nephrolithiasis 52.96 18.34 56 10935 36774 42573570
Altered state of consciousness 52.18 18.34 50 10941 29209 42581135
Hyperammonaemic encephalopathy 50.82 18.34 21 10970 2737 42607607
Abnormal behaviour 48.69 18.34 46 10945 26405 42583939
Psychotic disorder 46.66 18.34 47 10944 29161 42581183
Encephalopathy 46.00 18.34 55 10936 41278 42569066
Treatment failure 41.77 18.34 65 10926 62559 42547785
Product substitution issue 38.32 18.34 28 10963 11262 42599082
Tonsillar exudate 38.09 18.34 6 10985 9 42610335
Drug resistance 37.17 18.34 45 10946 34203 42576141
Salivary hypersecretion 36.83 18.34 27 10964 10916 42599428
Vitamin D deficiency 36.78 18.34 24 10967 8049 42602295
Delusion 35.82 18.34 30 10961 14704 42595640
Toxic epidermal necrolysis 35.51 18.34 39 10952 26711 42583633
Atonic seizures 35.46 18.34 10 10981 406 42609938
Fanconi syndrome 34.21 18.34 14 10977 1780 42608564
Dyskinesia 33.67 18.34 37 10954 25353 42584991
Sudden unexplained death in epilepsy 33.09 18.34 10 10981 519 42609825
Respiratory disorder neonatal 32.95 18.34 14 10977 1956 42608388
Myoclonus 32.01 18.34 30 10961 17035 42593309
Anticonvulsant drug level increased 31.94 18.34 13 10978 1630 42608714
Arthralgia 31.86 18.34 7 10984 205231 42405113
Drug withdrawal convulsions 30.94 18.34 12 10979 1326 42609018
Intellectual disability 29.94 18.34 13 10978 1914 42608430
Febrile neutropenia 29.51 18.34 6 10985 185697 42424647
Retinogram abnormal 29.07 18.34 7 10984 151 42610193
Dysarthria 28.91 18.34 43 10948 39764 42570580
Tonsillar inflammation 27.99 18.34 6 10985 75 42610269
Diplopia 27.62 18.34 30 10961 20286 42590058
Death 27.34 18.34 50 10941 471135 42139209
Lymphocyte stimulation test positive 27.16 18.34 9 10982 631 42609713
Cytotoxic oedema 26.83 18.34 7 10984 211 42610133
Partial seizures with secondary generalisation 26.44 18.34 8 10983 417 42609927
Temporal lobe epilepsy 26.37 18.34 7 10984 226 42610118
Drug eruption 26.15 18.34 31 10960 23044 42587300
Condition aggravated 25.85 18.34 134 10857 260620 42349724
Infantile spasms 25.14 18.34 7 10984 271 42610073
Behaviour disorder 25.09 18.34 18 10973 7036 42603308
Seizure cluster 24.52 18.34 7 10984 297 42610047
Hallucination 24.45 18.34 49 10942 57458 42552886
Clonic convulsion 24.40 18.34 9 10982 866 42609478
Hyperammonaemia 23.34 18.34 18 10973 7848 42602496
Congenital inguinal hernia 23.15 18.34 6 10985 176 42610168
Postictal paralysis 23.04 18.34 7 10984 370 42609974
Congenital cutis laxa 22.66 18.34 5 10986 72 42610272
Renal tubular acidosis 22.66 18.34 12 10979 2738 42607606
Parkinsonism 22.51 18.34 20 10971 10603 42599741
Angle closure glaucoma 22.23 18.34 9 10982 1113 42609231
Tremor 22.19 18.34 65 10926 96864 42513480
Hallucination, visual 21.79 18.34 27 10964 20993 42589351
Human herpesvirus 6 infection reactivation 21.56 18.34 7 10984 460 42609884
Mood swings 21.51 18.34 18 10973 8808 42601536
Premature baby 21.26 18.34 28 10963 23125 42587219
Tachyarrhythmia 21.19 18.34 13 10978 3919 42606425
Language disorder 20.96 18.34 11 10980 2464 42607880
Aminoaciduria 20.94 18.34 6 10985 258 42610086
Sedation 20.82 18.34 32 10959 30443 42579901
Small for dates baby 20.04 18.34 14 10977 5249 42605095
Anaemia 19.79 18.34 26 10965 280252 42330092
Foetal exposure during pregnancy 19.73 18.34 40 10951 47271 42563073
Implant site pruritus 19.71 18.34 3 10988 3 42610341
Hepatic function abnormal 19.64 18.34 42 10949 51525 42558819
Bradykinesia 19.63 18.34 14 10977 5422 42604922
Polydipsia 19.61 18.34 13 10978 4475 42605869
Haemoglobin decreased 19.59 18.34 5 10986 132466 42477878
Product lot number issue 19.56 18.34 4 10987 39 42610305
Wrong schedule 19.36 18.34 6 10985 339 42610005
Dystonia 19.36 18.34 20 10971 12770 42597574
Cough 19.26 18.34 11 10980 178092 42432252
Speech disorder 19.08 18.34 30 10961 29091 42581253
Oculomucocutaneous syndrome 18.61 18.34 5 10986 169 42610175
Idiopathic generalised epilepsy 18.58 18.34 4 10987 51 42610293
Implant site rash 18.50 18.34 3 10988 6 42610338
Assisted delivery 18.50 18.34 3 10988 6 42610338

FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (Geriatric)

MedDRA adverse event termLikelihood ratioLikelihood ratio thresholdPatients taking drug having adverse eventPatients taking drug not having adverse eventPatients not taking drug having adverse eventPatients not taking drug not having adverse event
Seizure 975.34 16.03 580 21058 220605 110347056
Multiple-drug resistance 646.81 16.03 194 21444 13041 110554620
Status epilepticus 509.52 16.03 202 21436 31369 110536292
Drug ineffective 294.80 16.03 800 20838 1519740 109047921
Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms 288.75 16.03 187 21451 81908 110485753
Ataxia 250.91 16.03 121 21517 29987 110537674
Somnolence 246.59 16.03 297 21341 297152 110270509
Generalised tonic-clonic seizure 236.27 16.03 142 21496 54538 110513123
Epilepsy 206.56 16.03 165 21473 100044 110467617
Aggression 191.40 16.03 128 21510 59082 110508579
Drug interaction 162.93 16.03 324 21314 499859 110067802
Irritability 160.90 16.03 106 21532 47703 110519958
Partial seizures 160.18 16.03 66 21572 11283 110556378
Petit mal epilepsy 138.31 16.03 53 21585 7494 110560167
Stevens-Johnson syndrome 134.05 16.03 94 21544 46807 110520854
Drug resistance 129.46 16.03 99 21539 56275 110511386
Focal dyscognitive seizures 123.67 16.03 41 21597 3808 110563853
Choroidal effusion 109.37 16.03 27 21611 863 110566798
Tonic convulsion 107.86 16.03 35 21603 3039 110564622
Atonic seizures 107.21 16.03 28 21610 1126 110566535
Psychotic disorder 100.90 16.03 82 21556 50855 110516806
Myoclonic epilepsy 99.98 16.03 32 21606 2659 110565002
Pneumonia aspiration 99.98 16.03 100 21538 81133 110486528
Dyskinesia 98.09 16.03 81 21557 51365 110516296
Cognitive disorder 83.33 16.03 94 21544 87417 110480244
Hyperammonaemic encephalopathy 81.45 16.03 33 21605 5401 110562260
Drug eruption 75.29 16.03 71 21567 53588 110514073
Dyspnoea 73.88 16.03 65 21573 1106807 109460854
Abnormal behaviour 73.44 16.03 61 21577 38978 110528683
Calculus urinary 71.91 16.03 26 21612 3126 110564535
Postictal psychosis 69.41 16.03 15 21623 262 110567399
Altered state of consciousness 69.17 16.03 70 21568 57556 110510105
Delusion 68.76 16.03 48 21590 23707 110543954
Nystagmus 65.86 16.03 36 21602 11541 110556120
Developmental delay 65.20 16.03 20 21618 1445 110566216
Nephrolithiasis 64.53 16.03 72 21566 66140 110501521
Hallucination, visual 62.56 16.03 56 21582 39549 110528112
Sudden unexplained death in epilepsy 62.38 16.03 17 21621 806 110566855
Change in seizure presentation 62.15 16.03 17 21621 817 110566844
Suicidal behaviour 62.08 16.03 24 21614 3473 110564188
Arthralgia 62.03 16.03 38 21600 779594 109788067
Toxic epidermal necrolysis 61.06 16.03 65 21573 56662 110510999
Retinogram abnormal 59.19 16.03 14 21624 372 110567289
Joint swelling 57.41 16.03 9 21629 442836 110124825
Off label use 56.58 16.03 492 21146 1499693 109067968
Drug withdrawal convulsions 55.12 16.03 20 21618 2429 110565232
Salivary hypersecretion 54.67 16.03 37 21601 17384 110550277
Hallucination 54.27 16.03 82 21556 101350 110466311
Diplopia 54.17 16.03 53 21585 41841 110525820
Myoclonus 52.79 16.03 47 21591 32951 110534710
Behaviour disorder 52.13 16.03 29 21609 9618 110558043
Renal tubular acidosis 51.91 16.03 23 21615 4692 110562969
Sedation 51.78 16.03 66 21572 69617 110498044
Hepatic function abnormal 50.36 16.03 74 21564 89221 110478440
Encephalopathy 49.86 16.03 70 21568 80985 110486676
Infusion related reaction 48.82 16.03 8 21630 381154 110186507
Infantile spasms 48.74 16.03 12 21626 379 110567282
Vagal nerve stimulator implantation 48.62 16.03 11 21627 239 110567422
Postictal paralysis 47.87 16.03 13 21625 608 110567053
Lymphocyte stimulation test positive 45.23 16.03 14 21624 1042 110566619
Anticonvulsant drug level increased 45.06 16.03 18 21620 2840 110564821
Rheumatoid arthritis 43.95 16.03 4 21634 299609 110268052
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome 43.87 16.03 43 21595 34016 110533645
Hyperammonaemia 42.69 16.03 29 21609 13703 110553958
Ovarian granulosa-theca cell tumour 42.37 16.03 7 21631 24 110567637
Mood swings 41.57 16.03 35 21603 22777 110544884
Swelling 41.48 16.03 9 21629 351032 110216629
Fanconi syndrome 41.44 16.03 18 21620 3501 110564160
Neonatal pneumonia 40.94 16.03 7 21631 31 110567630
Suicidal ideation 40.72 16.03 69 21569 93868 110473793
Electroencephalogram abnormal 40.19 16.03 21 21617 6152 110561509
Febrile neutropenia 39.78 16.03 7 21631 316760 110250901
Seizure cluster 39.75 16.03 12 21626 821 110566840
Oculomucocutaneous syndrome 39.57 16.03 10 21628 352 110567309
Partial seizures with secondary generalisation 39.39 16.03 12 21626 847 110566814
Arthropathy 39.22 16.03 5 21633 287517 110280144
Neonatal hypotension 39.16 16.03 7 21631 42 110567619
Epilepsy with myoclonic-atonic seizures 38.94 16.03 8 21630 108 110567553
Magnetic resonance imaging head abnormal 38.13 16.03 17 21621 3518 110564143
Upper respiratory tract inflammation 37.70 16.03 18 21620 4353 110563308
Placental infarction 37.44 16.03 8 21630 132 110567529
Product substitution issue 37.19 16.03 33 21605 23028 110544633
Respiratory disorder neonatal 36.87 16.03 7 21631 61 110567600
Lower respiratory tract infection 36.32 16.03 3 21635 243103 110324558
Therapeutic product effective for unapproved indication 36.23 16.03 8 21630 155 110567506
Anticonvulsant drug level decreased 35.58 16.03 14 21624 2122 110565539
Angle closure glaucoma 35.11 16.03 16 21622 3483 110564178
Vitamin D deficiency 34.91 16.03 29 21609 18523 110549138
Peripheral swelling 33.05 16.03 19 21619 404015 110163646
Agitation 32.82 16.03 70 21568 112981 110454680
Glossodynia 32.46 16.03 3 21635 222001 110345660
Depressed mood 32.29 16.03 49 21589 60760 110506901
Temporal lobe epilepsy 31.83 16.03 9 21629 489 110567172
Therapeutic product ineffective for unapproved indication 31.02 16.03 8 21630 306 110567355
Anticoagulation drug level abnormal 30.87 16.03 8 21630 312 110567349
Verbal abuse 30.53 16.03 8 21630 326 110567335
Therapeutic response unexpected 30.51 16.03 30 21608 23813 110543848
Hypertension 30.39 16.03 33 21605 510051 110057610
Vestibular migraine 30.12 16.03 7 21631 172 110567489
Depression 29.76 16.03 132 21506 317203 110250458
Overdose 29.76 16.03 107 21531 233687 110333974
Dysarthria 29.07 16.03 56 21582 84065 110483596
Herpes oesophagitis 28.73 16.03 8 21630 411 110567250
Human herpesvirus 6 infection reactivation 28.35 16.03 10 21628 1119 110566542
Treatment failure 28.05 16.03 118 21520 277116 110290545
Brown tumour 26.95 16.03 6 21632 121 110567540
Drug level decreased 26.89 16.03 25 21613 18523 110549138
Dropped head syndrome 26.61 16.03 8 21630 540 110567121
Pain 26.44 16.03 97 21541 954858 109612803
Speech disorder 26.38 16.03 45 21593 61524 110506137
Hypotonia 26.33 16.03 23 21615 15722 110551939
Hallucination, auditory 26.22 16.03 29 21609 26368 110541293
Disturbance in attention 26.15 16.03 45 21593 61950 110505711
Intentional product use issue 26.13 16.03 8 21630 247898 110319763
Drug level increased 26.11 16.03 39 21599 47680 110519981
Bronchial hyperreactivity 25.80 16.03 13 21625 3531 110564130
Placental disorder 25.47 16.03 9 21629 1012 110566649
Developmental regression 25.37 16.03 5 21633 54 110567607
Osteoarthritis 25.33 16.03 3 21635 182620 110385041
Dystonia 25.03 16.03 28 21610 25777 110541884
Parkinsonism 24.89 16.03 26 21612 22161 110545500
Drug ineffective for unapproved indication 24.63 16.03 59 21579 102779 110464882
Abdominal pain 24.59 16.03 39 21599 512950 110054711
Breast disorder 24.55 16.03 11 21627 2303 110565358
Wheezing 23.89 16.03 10 21628 255220 110312441
Cytotoxic oedema 23.74 16.03 7 21631 442 110567219
Electrocardiogram PR prolongation 23.59 16.03 10 21628 1833 110565828
Tremor 23.59 16.03 90 21548 202142 110365519
Diarrhoea 23.58 16.03 129 21509 1139376 109428285
Impaired healing 23.31 16.03 5 21633 196712 110370949
Depressed level of consciousness 23.30 16.03 61 21577 112217 110455444
On and off phenomenon 23.09 16.03 13 21625 4411 110563250
Musculoskeletal pain 23.07 16.03 4 21634 183019 110384642
Abdominal discomfort 22.87 16.03 26 21612 393832 110173829
Cross sensitivity reaction 22.84 16.03 14 21624 5553 110562108
Human herpes virus 6 serology positive 22.72 16.03 6 21632 252 110567409
Malaise 22.22 16.03 63 21575 671756 109895905
Cough 22.21 16.03 35 21603 461606 110106055
Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome 22.20 16.03 13 21625 4748 110562913
Mood altered 22.12 16.03 24 21614 21351 110546310
Affective disorder 22.04 16.03 18 21620 11223 110556438
Apathy 21.84 16.03 21 21617 16218 110551443
Vision blurred 21.76 16.03 65 21573 128957 110438704
Sinusitis 21.47 16.03 16 21622 296672 110270989
Persecutory delusion 21.27 16.03 14 21624 6277 110561384
Aphasia 21.27 16.03 40 21598 58957 110508704
Illiteracy 21.16 16.03 4 21634 34 110567627
Small for dates baby 21.06 16.03 7 21631 655 110567006
Anger 20.83 16.03 22 21616 18985 110548676
Erythema multiforme 20.64 16.03 23 21615 21074 110546587
Aminoaciduria 20.48 16.03 6 21632 370 110567291
Ureterolithiasis 20.48 16.03 12 21626 4390 110563271
Akinesia 19.75 16.03 11 21627 3656 110564005
Hypothermia 19.67 16.03 25 21613 26277 110541384
Liver injury 19.60 16.03 3 21635 150410 110417251
Low birth weight baby 19.31 16.03 7 21631 848 110566813
Dysmetria 19.28 16.03 8 21630 1391 110566270
Encephalocele 19.27 16.03 4 21634 57 110567604
Gestational diabetes 19.24 16.03 14 21624 7375 110560286
Jealous delusion 19.12 16.03 6 21632 467 110567194
Anaemia 19.06 16.03 50 21588 547036 110020625
Encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis 19.05 16.03 7 21631 881 110566780
Stomatitis 19.01 16.03 15 21623 270227 110297434
Brain neoplasm 18.79 16.03 13 21625 6324 110561337
Idiopathic generalised epilepsy 18.78 16.03 4 21634 65 110567596
Oedema peripheral 18.75 16.03 22 21616 328638 110239023
Mutism 18.60 16.03 10 21628 3103 110564558
Ill-defined disorder 18.56 16.03 4 21634 156849 110410812
Dry mouth 18.45 16.03 8 21630 199940 110367721
Oedema 18.44 16.03 9 21629 209967 110357694
Dysphagia 18.44 16.03 69 21569 153531 110414130
Vanishing bile duct syndrome 18.43 16.03 10 21628 3158 110564503
Human herpesvirus 6 infection 18.35 16.03 13 21625 6568 110561093
Clonic convulsion 18.34 16.03 8 21630 1572 110566089
Osteomalacia 18.30 16.03 8 21630 1579 110566082
Personality change 18.25 16.03 16 21622 10986 110556675
Muscle rigidity 18.22 16.03 23 21615 24008 110543653
Immunoglobulins decreased 18.05 16.03 9 21629 2390 110565271
Lichen planus 17.74 16.03 10 21628 3400 110564261
Coma 17.67 16.03 57 21581 117812 110449849
Depressive symptom 17.62 16.03 14 21624 8400 110559261
Drooling 17.40 16.03 13 21625 7126 110560535
Pain in extremity 17.36 16.03 44 21594 487074 110080587
Lennox-Gastaut syndrome 17.11 16.03 5 21633 306 110567355
Condition aggravated 17.07 16.03 219 21419 734617 109833044
Blister 16.79 16.03 12 21626 227364 110340297
Wrong schedule 16.65 16.03 6 21632 714 110566947
Staring 16.47 16.03 9 21629 2883 110564778
Suicide attempt 16.41 16.03 51 21587 103343 110464318
Gastrointestinal disorder 16.31 16.03 14 21624 241938 110325723
Discomfort 16.29 16.03 11 21627 214696 110352965
Pruritus 16.11 16.03 59 21579 581501 109986160
Stoma site extravasation 16.04 16.03 5 21633 381 110567280
Haemoglobin decreased 16.04 16.03 15 21623 248712 110318949

FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (Pediatric)

None

Pharmacologic Action:

SourceCodeDescription
ATC N03AX15 NERVOUS SYSTEM
ANTIEPILEPTICS
ANTIEPILEPTICS
Other antiepileptics
FDA CS M0020790 Sulfonamides
FDA MoA N0000000235 Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors
FDA PE N0000008486 Decreased Central Nervous System Disorganized Electrical Activity
MeSH PA D000077264 Calcium-Regulating Hormones and Agents
MeSH PA D000927 Anticonvulsants
MeSH PA D002121 Calcium Channel Blockers
MeSH PA D002317 Cardiovascular Agents
MeSH PA D049990 Membrane Transport Modulators
FDA EPC N0000175753 Anti-epileptic Agent
FDA MoA N0000185503 P-Glycoprotein Inhibitors
CHEBI has role CHEBI:22586 antioxidant
CHEBI has role CHEBI:35470 central nervous system drug
CHEBI has role CHEBI:35476 antipsychotic agent
CHEBI has role CHEBI:35623 anticonvulsant
CHEBI has role CHEBI:48407 antiparkinson drug
CHEBI has role CHEBI:50267 protective agent
CHEBI has role CHEBI:74518 anti-obesity agent
CHEBI has role CHEBI:194338 T-type calcium channel blocker

Related Drugs by ATC class:

N03AX Other antiepileptics 18 drugs
beclamidebrivaracetamcannabidiolcarisbamatecenobamatefelbamatefenfluramineganaxolonelacosamidelamotriginelevetiracetamperampanel show all 18 →

Drug Use | Suggest Off label Use Form| |View source of the data|

DiseaseRelationSNOMED_IDDOID
Diffuse Lewy body disease indication 80098002
Partial Epilepsy Treatment Adjunct indication
Suicidal thoughts contraindication 6471006
Agranulocytosis contraindication 17182001 DOID:12987
Mood swings contraindication 18963009
Depressive disorder contraindication 35489007
Metabolic acidosis contraindication 59455009
Diarrhea contraindication 62315008
Psychotic disorder contraindication 69322001
Kidney disease contraindication 90708001 DOID:557
Kidney stone contraindication 95570007
Diminished sweating contraindication 111980002
Disease of liver contraindication 235856003 DOID:409
Aplastic anemia contraindication 306058006 DOID:12449
Severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease contraindication 313299006
Fever contraindication 386661006
Surgical procedure contraindication 387713003




🐶 Veterinary Drug Use

None

🐶 Veterinary products

None

Acid dissociation constants calculated using MoKa v3.0.0

Dissociation levelDissociation constantType (acidic/basic)
pKa1 10.47 acidic

Orange Book patent data (new drug applications)

Formulation strengthTrade nameApplicantApplication numberApproval dateTypeDose formRoutePatent numberPatent expiration datePatent use
100MG/5ML ZONISADE AZURITY N214273 July 15, 2022 RX SUSPENSION ORAL 11478456 Aug. 18, 2038 A METHOD OF TREATING SEIZURES

Orange Book exclusivity data (new drug applications)

None

Bioactivity Summary:

TargetClassPharosUniProtActionTypeActivity value
(-log[M])		Mechanism
action		Bioact sourceMoA source
Sodium channel protein type 1 subunit alpha Ion channel BLOCKER WOMBAT-PK CHEMBL
Carbonic anhydrase 2 Enzyme Ki 6.99 WOMBAT-PK
Voltage-dependent T-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1G Ion channel WOMBAT-PK
Carbonic anhydrase 1 Enzyme Ki 7.25 WOMBAT-PK
Carbonic anhydrase 4 Enzyme Ki 5.07 CHEMBL
Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B Enzyme Ki 5.51 CHEMBL
Carbonic anhydrase 9 Enzyme Ki 8.30 WOMBAT-PK
Carbonic anhydrase 12 Enzyme INHIBITOR Ki 4.96 IUPHAR
Carbonic anhydrase 5A, mitochondrial Enzyme Ki 7.70 CHEMBL
Carbonic anhydrase 5B, mitochondrial Enzyme Ki 5.22 CHEMBL
Carbonic anhydrase 7 Enzyme Ki 6.93 CHEMBL
Carbonic anhydrase 6 Enzyme Ki 7.05 CHEMBL
Carbonic anhydrase 14 Enzyme Ki 5.28 CHEMBL
Carbonic anhydrase 13 Enzyme Ki 6.37 CHEMBL
Carbonic anhydrase V Enzyme Ki 7.69 CHEMBL
Carbonic anhydrase Enzyme Ki 6.66 CHEMBL
Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B Enzyme Ki 5.54 CHEMBL
Carbonic anhydrase 15 Enzyme Ki 6.20 CHEMBL
Carbonic anhydrase Enzyme Ki 6.97 CHEMBL
Carbonic anhydrase Enzyme Ki 7.46 CHEMBL
Probable transmembrane carbonic anhydrase (Carbonate dehydratase) (Carbonic dehydratase); Transmembrane carbonic anhydrase Enzyme Ki 6.68 CHEMBL
Carbonic anhydrase Enzyme Ki 6.94 CHEMBL
Alpha carbonic anhydrase Enzyme Ki 6.59 CHEMBL
Carbonic anhydrase Enzyme Ki 6.19 CHEMBL
Carbonic anhydrase 2 Enzyme Ki 6.01 CHEMBL
Astrosclerin-3 Enzyme Ki 6.78 CHEMBL
Beta-carbonic anhydrase 1 Enzyme Ki 4.54 CHEMBL
Delta carbonic anhydrase Enzyme Ki 6.39 CHEMBL
Carbonic anhydrase 2 Enzyme Ki 6.06 CHEMBL
Carbonic anhydrase 3 Enzyme Ki 5.07 CHEMBL
Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] Enzyme Ki 4.51 CHEMBL
Carbonic anhydrase Enzyme Ki 6.58 CHEMBL
Carbonic anhydrase, alpha family Enzyme Ki 6.39 CHEMBL
Carbonate dehydratase Enzyme Ki 6.85 CHEMBL
Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B Enzyme IC50 4.61 CHEMBL

External reference:

IDSource
4021224 VUID
N0000148668 NUI
D00538 KEGG_DRUG
4021224 VANDF
C0078844 UMLSCUI
CHEBI:10127 CHEBI
ZON PDB_CHEM_ID
CHEMBL750 ChEMBL_ID
DB00909 DRUGBANK_ID
D000078305 MESH_DESCRIPTOR_UI
5734 PUBCHEM_CID
7047 IUPHAR_LIGAND_ID
5575 INN_ID
459384H98V UNII
261708 RXNORM
31898 MMSL
73622 MMSL
8781 MMSL
d04527 MMSL
008137 NDDF
125693002 SNOMEDCT_US
398762003 SNOMEDCT_US
459384H98V INXIGHT DRUGS

Pharmaceutical products:

ProductCategoryIngredientsNDCFormQuantityRouteMarketingLabel
zonisamide HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL 1 0615-8266 CAPSULE 100 mg ORAL ANDA 23 sections
ZONISAMIDE HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL 1 16590-539 CAPSULE 100 mg ORAL ANDA 16 sections
ZONISAMIDE HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL 1 16590-724 CAPSULE 25 mg ORAL ANDA 13 sections
ZONISAMIDE HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL 1 21695-155 CAPSULE 100 mg ORAL ANDA 28 sections
ZONISAMIDE HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL 1 21695-654 CAPSULE 50 mg ORAL ANDA 28 sections
Zonisamide HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL 1 29300-428 CAPSULE 25 mg ORAL ANDA 12 sections
Zonisamide HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL 1 29300-429 CAPSULE 50 mg ORAL ANDA 12 sections
Zonisamide HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL 1 29300-430 CAPSULE 100 mg ORAL ANDA 12 sections
ZONISAMIDE HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL 1 33261-843 CAPSULE 100 mg ORAL ANDA 13 sections
Zonisamide HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL 1 50268-816 CAPSULE 100 mg ORAL ANDA 26 sections
Zonisamide HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL 1 50268-816 CAPSULE 100 mg ORAL ANDA 26 sections
ZONISADE Human Prescription Drug Label 1 52652-8001 SUSPENSION 100 mg ORAL NDA 30 sections
zonisamide HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL 1 53217-301 CAPSULE 100 mg ORAL ANDA 24 sections
Zonisamide HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL 1 54868-5789 CAPSULE 100 mg ORAL ANDA 14 sections
Zonisamide HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL 1 54868-6221 CAPSULE 50 mg ORAL ANDA 14 sections
ZONISAMIDE HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL 1 55648-945 CAPSULE 25 mg ORAL ANDA 13 sections
ZONISAMIDE HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL 1 55648-946 CAPSULE 50 mg ORAL ANDA 13 sections
ZONISAMIDE HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL 1 55648-990 CAPSULE 100 mg ORAL ANDA 13 sections
Zonegran Human Prescription Drug Label 1 59212-680 CAPSULE 100 mg ORAL NDA 26 sections
Zonegran Human Prescription Drug Label 1 59212-681 CAPSULE 25 mg ORAL NDA 26 sections
ZONISADE HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL 1 59368-407 SUSPENSION 100 mg ORAL NDA 23 sections
Zonisamide Human Prescription Drug Label 1 59651-378 CAPSULE 25 mg ORAL ANDA 23 sections
Zonisamide Human Prescription Drug Label 1 59651-379 CAPSULE 50 mg ORAL ANDA 23 sections
Zonisamide Human Prescription Drug Label 1 59651-380 CAPSULE 100 mg ORAL ANDA 23 sections
Zonisamide HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL 1 60687-230 CAPSULE 100 mg ORAL ANDA 24 sections
ZONISAMIDE HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL 1 61919-275 CAPSULE 50 mg ORAL ANDA 11 sections
Zonisamide HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL 1 61919-591 CAPSULE 50 mg ORAL ANDA 14 sections
ZONISAMIDE HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL 1 61919-749 CAPSULE 50 mg ORAL ANDA 13 sections
Zonisamide HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL 1 61919-775 CAPSULE 100 mg ORAL ANDA 15 sections
Zonisamide HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL 1 61919-775 CAPSULE 100 mg ORAL ANDA 15 sections