Tox | Related Drugs | BioActivity |

Stem definition	Drug id	CAS RN
hypnotics, barbituric acid derivatives	2633	76-75-5

Description:

Molecule	Description
Molfile Inchi Smiles Synonyms: pentothal thiopental sodium thiopental thiomebumal thionembutal pentothiobarbital	A barbiturate that is administered intravenously for the induction of general anesthesia or for the production of complete anesthesia of short duration. Molecular weight: 242.34 Formula: C11H18N2O2S CLOGP: 2.98 LIPINSKI: 0 HAC: 4 HDO: 2 TPSA: 58.20 ALOGS: -3.78 ROTB: 4 Status: OFM Legend: OFP - off patent OFM - off market ONP - on patent

Molecule

Description

Molfile Inchi Smiles

Synonyms:

pentothal
thiopental sodium
thiopental
thiomebumal
thionembutal
pentothiobarbital

A barbiturate that is administered intravenously for the induction of general anesthesia or for the production of complete anesthesia of short duration.

Molecular weight: 242.34
Formula: C11H18N2O2S
CLOGP: 2.98
LIPINSKI: 0
HAC: 4
HDO: 2
TPSA: 58.20
ALOGS: -3.78
ROTB: 4

Status: OFM

Legend:
OFP - off patent
OFM - off market
ONP - on patent

Drug dosage:

None

ADMET properties:

Property	Value	Reference
BDDCS (Biopharmaceutical Drug Disposition Classification System)	1	Benet LZ, Broccatelli F, Oprea TI
S (Water solubility)	50 mg/mL	Benet LZ, Broccatelli F, Oprea TI
EoM (Fraction excreted unchanged in urine)	0.50 %	Benet LZ, Broccatelli F, Oprea TI
MRTD (Maximum Recommended Therapeutic Daily Dose)	20.63 µM/kg/day	Contrera JF, Matthews EJ, Kruhlak NL, Benz RD
Vd (Volume of distribution)	1.20 L/kg	Lombardo F, Berellini G, Obach RS
CL (Clearance)	8.20 mL/min/kg	Lombardo F, Berellini G, Obach RS
fu (Fraction unbound in plasma)	0.14 %	Lombardo F, Berellini G, Obach RS
t_half (Half-life)	2 hours	Lombardo F, Berellini G, Obach RS

Predicted pharmacokinetic/toxicological properties (PK-AZ):

Property	Description	Value
kinase-safety-class	ACVR2A,ACVR2B,AURKA,AXL,BRAF,BTK,CAMK2B,CAMK2D,CDK5,CDK9,DDR1,DYRK1B,EIF2AK3,ERBB2,GRK2,GSK3B,ITK,JAK2,MAP3K21,MAP3K7,MAPK10,MAPK7,NTRK2,PDK1,PDK2,PIK3CB,PIK3CD,PIM2,PRKDC,SIK2,STK33,SYK,TEK,TTK	34
kinase-selectivity-class	AXL,BRAF,CAMK2D,CDK9,GRK2,MAPK7,PDK1,STK33,TEK	9
pfas-class	PFAS structural alert (1 = True, 0 = False)	0

Approvals:

Date	Agency	Company	Orphan
None	FDA	ABBOTT

FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (Female)

MedDRA adverse event term	Likelihood ratio	Likelihood ratio threshold	Patients taking drug having adverse event	Patients taking drug not having adverse event	Patients not taking drug having adverse event	Patients not taking drug not having adverse event
Status epilepticus	192.13	63.79	54	2720	18820	90606853
Diabetes insipidus	165.07	63.79	34	2740	3178	90622495
Renal ischaemia	145.83	63.79	24	2750	642	90625031
PCO2 increased	129.56	63.79	24	2750	1289	90624384
Breast cancer recurrent	120.63	63.79	29	2745	5474	90620199
Blood pH decreased	113.59	63.79	24	2750	2534	90623139
PO2 increased	112.03	63.79	20	2754	872	90624801
Blood bicarbonate decreased	108.85	63.79	24	2750	3095	90622578
Foetal death	106.22	63.79	35	2739	20688	90604985
Left ventricular dysfunction	105.16	63.79	32	2742	14637	90611036
Oxygen saturation abnormal	101.24	63.79	24	2750	4264	90621409
Drug ineffective	100.29	63.79	162	2612	1384136	89241537
Exposure during pregnancy	87.27	63.79	66	2708	238344	90387329
Hypotension	83.09	63.79	73	2701	325324	90300349
Cardiac arrest	82.67	63.79	47	2727	104888	90520785
Seizure	80.82	63.79	53	2721	152576	90473097
Maternal exposure during pregnancy	74.83	63.79	72	2702	359991	90265682
Blood magnesium decreased	74.39	63.79	25	2749	15668	90610005
Multiple-drug resistance	73.40	63.79	21	2753	7755	90617918
Electroencephalogram abnormal	66.64	63.79	17	2757	4079	90621594
Intensive care unit acquired weakness	65.59	63.79	13	2761	998	90624675

FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (Male)

MedDRA adverse event term	Likelihood ratio	Likelihood ratio threshold	Patients taking drug having adverse event	Patients taking drug not having adverse event	Patients not taking drug having adverse event	Patients not taking drug not having adverse event
Drug ineffective	163.93	46.72	175	1923	630022	41989215
Status epilepticus	151.87	46.72	48	2050	15530	42603707
Intensive care unit acquired weakness	124.84	46.72	25	2073	1253	42617984
Multiple-drug resistance	116.68	46.72	33	2065	7289	42611948
Off label use	84.05	46.72	127	1971	638208	41981029
Diabetes insipidus	60.31	46.72	17	2081	3696	42615541
Muscle contracture	54.91	46.72	13	2085	1422	42617815
Haematuria traumatic	53.82	46.72	10	2088	335	42618902
Hepatitis fulminant	51.23	46.72	16	2082	4943	42614294
Drug ineffective for unapproved indication	47.29	46.72	29	2069	46134	42573103

FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (Geriatric)

MedDRA adverse event term	Likelihood ratio	Likelihood ratio threshold	Patients taking drug having adverse event	Patients taking drug not having adverse event	Patients not taking drug having adverse event	Patients not taking drug not having adverse event
Status epilepticus	290.67	43.84	90	4612	31481	110553116
Drug ineffective	239.14	43.84	305	4397	1520235	109064362
Diabetes insipidus	215.12	43.84	51	4651	6519	110578078
Intensive care unit acquired weakness	193.83	43.84	39	4663	2320	110582277
Multiple-drug resistance	152.95	43.84	45	4657	13190	110571407
PCO2 increased	111.85	43.84	24	4678	1953	110582644
Renal ischaemia	107.99	43.84	24	4678	2299	110582298
Foetal death	103.63	43.84	35	4667	16010	110568587
PO2 increased	94.30	43.84	20	4682	1539	110583058
Blood pH decreased	91.34	43.84	24	4678	4645	110579952
Oxygen saturation abnormal	86.97	43.84	24	4678	5587	110579010
Blood bicarbonate decreased	86.19	43.84	24	4678	5773	110578824
Exposure during pregnancy	81.82	43.84	63	4639	167361	110417236
Left ventricular dysfunction	80.04	43.84	32	4670	23461	110561136
Off label use	79.57	43.84	187	4515	1499998	109084599
Maternal exposure during pregnancy	71.80	43.84	70	4632	254813	110329784
Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome	69.58	43.84	55	4647	151655	110432942
Generalised tonic-clonic seizure	67.84	43.84	37	4665	54643	110529954
Electroencephalogram abnormal	66.97	43.84	20	4682	6153	110578444
Drug ineffective for unapproved indication	66.81	43.84	46	4656	102792	110481805
Cardiac arrest	62.94	43.84	58	4644	196695	110387902
Malabsorption	61.91	43.84	19	4683	6406	110578191
Haematuria traumatic	60.93	43.84	11	4691	364	110584233
Blood magnesium decreased	60.44	43.84	25	4677	19971	110564626
Propofol infusion syndrome	58.85	43.84	15	4687	2574	110582023
Hypotension	57.04	43.84	89	4613	523760	110060837
Seizure	55.35	43.84	57	4645	221128	110363469
Partial seizures	55.01	43.84	20	4682	11329	110573268
Maternal exposure during delivery	54.10	43.84	15	4687	3550	110581047
Muscle contracture	52.84	43.84	14	4688	2794	110581803
Hepatitis fulminant	48.74	43.84	17	4685	8543	110576054
Hyperthermia malignant	48.29	43.84	14	4688	3886	110580711
Premature delivery	44.39	43.84	23	4679	30609	110553988

FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (Pediatric)

None

Pharmacologic Action:

Source	Code	Description
ATC	N01AF03	NERVOUS SYSTEM ANESTHETICS ANESTHETICS, GENERAL Barbiturates, plain
ATC	N05CA19	NERVOUS SYSTEM PSYCHOLEPTICS HYPNOTICS AND SEDATIVES Barbiturates, plain
MeSH PA	D000777	Anesthetics
MeSH PA	D000927	Anticonvulsants
MeSH PA	D002492	Central Nervous System Depressants
MeSH PA	D006993	Hypnotics and Sedatives
MeSH PA	D018377	Neurotransmitter Agents
MeSH PA	D018682	GABA Agents
MeSH PA	D018686	Anesthetics, Intravenous
MeSH PA	D018757	GABA Modulators
CHEBI has role	CHEBI:38877	intravenous anaesthetic
CHEBI has role	CHEBI:35623	anticonvulsant
CHEBI has role	CHEBI:35703	xenobiotic
CHEBI has role	CHEBI:35717	sedative
CHEBI has role	CHEBI:63726	neuroprotective agent
CHEBI has role	CHEBI:66981	ophthalmology drug
CHEBI has role	CHEBI:78298	environmental contaminant
CHEBI has role	CHEBI:88188	drug allergen

Related Drugs by ATC class:

N01AF Barbiturates, plain 2 drugs

hexobarbital methohexital

N05CA Barbiturates, plain 17 drugs

allobarbital amobarbital aprobarbital barbital butobarbital cyclobarbital etallobarbital heptabarb hexobarbital methohexital pentobarbital proxibarbal show all 17 →

Drug Use | Suggest Off label Use Form| |View source of the data|

Disease	Relation	SNOMED_ID	DOID
General anesthesia	indication	50697003
Benign intracranial hypertension	indication	68267002	DOID:11459
Epilepsy	indication	84757009	DOID:1826
Narcoanalysis	indication	302683009
Cerebral ischemia	off-label use	287731003
Hypoxia of brain	off-label use	389088001
Chronic disease of respiratory system	contraindication	17097001
Shock	contraindication	27942005
Myxedema	contraindication	43153006	DOID:11634
Uremia	contraindication	44730006	DOID:4676
Low blood pressure	contraindication	45007003
Variegate porphyria	contraindication	58275005	DOID:4346
Kidney disease	contraindication	90708001	DOID:557
Myasthenia gravis	contraindication	91637004	DOID:437
Acute disease of cardiovascular system	contraindication	128487001
Asthma	contraindication	195967001	DOID:2841
Acute intermittent porphyria	contraindication	234422006	DOID:3890
Disease of liver	contraindication	235856003	DOID:409
Anemia	contraindication	271737000	DOID:2355
Primary adrenocortical insufficiency	contraindication	373662000

🐶 Veterinary Drug Use

Species	Use	Relation
Cats	Anesthesia in short to moderately long surgical procedures	Indication
Dogs	Anesthesia in short to moderately long surgical procedures	Indication

🐶 Veterinary products

Product	Applicant	Ingredients
Combuthal Powder	Bimeda Animal Health Limited	2
Sodium Thiopental	Zoetis Inc.	1

Acid dissociation constants calculated using MoKa v3.0.0

Dissociation level	Dissociation constant	Type (acidic/basic)
pKa1	7.46	acidic
pKa2	11.46	acidic

Orange Book patent data (new drug applications)

None

Orange Book exclusivity data (new drug applications)

None

Bioactivity Summary:

Target	Class	Pharos	UniProt	Action	Type	Activity value (-log[M])	Bioact source	MoA source
GABA-A receptor alpha-1/beta-2/gamma-2	Ion channel	P14867 P18507 P47870	GBRA1_HUMAN GBRG2_HUMAN GBRB2_HUMAN	POSITIVE ALLOSTERIC MODULATOR			WOMBAT-PK	CHEMBL
GABA-A receptor; anion channel	Ion channel		GBRP_RAT GBRB1_RAT GBRD_RAT GBRG2_RAT GBRA5_RAT GBRA3_RAT GBRG1_RAT GBRA2_RAT GBRA4_RAT GBRG3_RAT GBRA6_RAT GBRA1_RAT GBRB3_RAT GBRB2_RAT Q91ZM7_RAT GBRE_RAT		IC50	4.53	CHEMBL
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily C member 4	Ion channel		KCNC4_RAT	GATING INHIBITOR	IC50	4	IUPHAR

External reference:

ID	Source
4018713	VUID
N0000179744	NUI
D00714	KEGG_DRUG
71-73-8	SECONDARY_CAS_RN
4018713	VANDF
4019945	VANDF
C0039925	UMLSCUI
CHEBI:102166	CHEBI
EDP	PDB_CHEM_ID
CHEMBL441	ChEMBL_ID
DB00599	DRUGBANK_ID
CHEMBL738	ChEMBL_ID
D013874	MESH_DESCRIPTOR_UI
3000715	PUBCHEM_CID
2579	IUPHAR_LIGAND_ID
JI8Z5M7NA3	UNII
10493	RXNORM
2118	MMSL
2227	MMSL
5570	MMSL
d00388	MMSL
001398	NDDF
004578	NDDF
349829005	SNOMEDCT_US
387448009	SNOMEDCT_US
412605006	SNOMEDCT_US
433	INN_ID

Pharmaceutical products:

None

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thiopental 🐶 Veterinary Use | Indications/Contra | FAERs-F | FAERs-M | Orange Bk | PK/Tox | Related Drugs | BioActivity |

Description:

Drug dosage:

ADMET properties:

Predicted pharmacokinetic/toxicological properties (PK-AZ):

Approvals:

FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (Female)

FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (Male)

FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (Geriatric)

FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (Pediatric)

Pharmacologic Action:

Related Drugs by ATC class:

Drug Use | Suggest Off label Use Form| |View source of the data|

🐶 Veterinary Drug Use

🐶 Veterinary products

Acid dissociation constants calculated using MoKa v3.0.0

Orange Book patent data (new drug applications)

Orange Book exclusivity data (new drug applications)

Bioactivity Summary:

External reference:

Pharmaceutical products: