pioglitazone ๐Ÿถ Veterinary Use | Indications/Contra | FAERs-F | FAERs-M | Orange Bk | BioActivity |

Stem definitionDrug idCAS RN
peroxisome proliferator activating receptor-gamma (PPAR-gamma) agonists, thiazolidinedione derivatives 2179 111025-46-8

Description:

MoleculeDescription

Molfile Inchi Smiles

Synonyms:

  • pioglitazone
  • glustin
  • sepioglin
  • pioglitazone hydrochloride
  • pioglitazone HCl
Pioglitazone is a thiazolidinedione that depends on the presence of insulin for its mechanism of action. Pioglitazone decreases insulin resistance in the periphery and in the liver resulting in increased insulin-dependent glucose disposal and decreased hepatic glucose output. Pioglitazone is not an insulin secretagogue. Pioglitazone is an agonist for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-gamma). PPAR receptors are found in tissues important for insulin action such as adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, and liver. Activation of PPAR-gamma nuclear receptors modulates the transcription of a number of insulin responsive genes involved in the control of glucose and lipid metabolism.
  • Molecular weight: 356.44
  • Formula: C19H20N2O3S
  • CLOGP: 3.53
  • LIPINSKI: 0
  • HAC: 5
  • HDO: 1
  • TPSA: 68.29
  • ALOGS: -4.91
  • ROTB: 7

  • Status: OFP

  • Legend:
    OFP - off patent
    OFM - off market
    ONP - on patent

Drug dosage:

DoseUnitRoute
30 mg O

ADMET properties:

PropertyValueReference
BDDCS (Biopharmaceutical Drug Disposition Classification System) 2 Benet LZ, Broccatelli F, Oprea TI
EoM (Fraction excreted unchanged in urine) 0.50 % Benet LZ, Broccatelli F, Oprea TI
MRTD (Maximum Recommended Therapeutic Daily Dose) 1.80 ยตM/kg/day Contrera JF, Matthews EJ, Kruhlak NL, Benz RD
BA (Bioavailability) 83 % Kim MT, Sedykh A, Chakravarti SK, Saiakhov RD, Zhu H

Approvals:

DateAgencyCompanyOrphan
July 15, 1999 FDA TAKEDA PHARMS USA

FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (Female)

MedDRA adverse event termLikelihood ratioLikelihood ratio thresholdPatients taking drug having adverse eventPatients taking drug not having adverse eventPatients not taking drug having adverse eventPatients not taking drug not having adverse event
Bladder cancer 542.11 12.17 158 22194 4652 56265063
Hypoglycaemia 436.10 12.17 273 22079 55542 56214173
Blood glucose increased 403.12 12.17 291 22061 74860 56194855
Cardiac failure congestive 181.51 12.17 198 22154 87522 56182193
Glycosylated haemoglobin increased 136.03 12.17 73 22279 11092 56258623
Diabetes mellitus inadequate control 133.80 12.17 78 22274 13902 56255813
Blood glucose decreased 123.36 12.17 83 22269 19004 56250711
Diabetic ketoacidosis 117.05 12.17 80 22272 18791 56250924
Oedema peripheral 109.20 12.17 222 22130 171032 56098683
Rheumatoid arthritis 82.17 12.17 25 22327 382579 55887136
Diabetic metabolic decompensation 79.56 12.17 28 22324 1520 56268195
Cardiac failure 78.51 12.17 127 22225 81966 56187749
Pancreatitis 68.56 12.17 87 22265 44993 56224722
Lactic acidosis 68.20 12.17 77 22275 35269 56234446
Diabetes mellitus 60.83 12.17 89 22263 52646 56217069
Drug ineffective 60.65 12.17 177 22175 918812 55350903
Hyperglycaemia 59.99 12.17 75 22277 38206 56231509
Myocardial infarction 59.81 12.17 121 22231 92749 56176966
Systemic lupus erythematosus 59.10 12.17 3 22349 180075 56089640
Drug intolerance 57.35 12.17 17 22335 264801 56004914
Oedema 56.68 12.17 110 22242 81810 56187905
Bladder neoplasm 56.57 12.17 17 22335 556 56269159
Weight increased 55.82 12.17 209 22143 229494 56040221
Off label use 53.20 12.17 87 22265 556093 55713622
Bladder transitional cell carcinoma 50.81 12.17 16 22336 613 56269102
Macular oedema 49.58 12.17 26 22326 3768 56265947
Glossodynia 48.60 12.17 3 22349 152455 56117260
Infusion related reaction 47.87 12.17 12 22340 208919 56060796
Maternal exposure during pregnancy 47.25 12.17 9 22343 189544 56080171
Pancreatitis acute 45.53 12.17 53 22299 25071 56244644
Treatment failure 44.86 12.17 7 22345 170385 56099330
Contraindicated product administered 44.05 12.17 10 22342 186276 56083439
Weight decreased 43.50 12.17 200 22152 240514 56029201
Acute kidney injury 42.73 12.17 199 22153 240564 56029151
Coronary artery disease 41.48 12.17 56 22296 30740 56238975
Pancreatic carcinoma 38.62 12.17 28 22324 7213 56262502
Arthropathy 36.38 12.17 17 22335 200258 56069457
Wound 35.86 12.17 6 22346 138798 56130917
Diabetic retinopathy 33.99 12.17 17 22335 2232 56267483
Lower respiratory tract infection 31.89 12.17 4 22348 114790 56154925
Alopecia 31.79 12.17 42 22310 293416 55976299
Ureteric cancer 31.16 12.17 7 22345 69 56269646
Discomfort 30.84 12.17 9 22343 141752 56127963
Product complaint 30.49 12.17 30 22322 11730 56257985
Hypoglycaemic coma 30.30 12.17 16 22336 2351 56267364
Therapeutic product effect decreased 29.83 12.17 15 22337 169437 56100278
Renal failure 28.85 12.17 103 22249 110397 56159318
Chest pain 28.05 12.17 149 22203 189648 56080067
Joint swelling 27.93 12.17 45 22307 289755 55979960
Product use issue 27.81 12.17 20 22332 186021 56083694
Bladder trabeculation 27.20 12.17 6 22346 54 56269661
Bladder adenocarcinoma stage unspecified 26.99 12.17 5 22347 16 56269699
Blood glucose fluctuation 26.13 12.17 18 22334 4277 56265438
Asthenia 25.35 12.17 227 22125 342746 55926969
Myalgia 24.77 12.17 111 22241 131914 56137801
Angina unstable 24.73 12.17 21 22331 6800 56262915
Biopsy skin abnormal 24.21 12.17 6 22346 93 56269622
Pericarditis 23.53 12.17 7 22345 108916 56160799
Fall 23.12 12.17 230 22122 357280 55912435
Therapeutic product effect incomplete 22.57 12.17 7 22345 106024 56163691
Cholelithiasis 22.56 12.17 49 22303 39415 56230300
Pancreatitis chronic 22.47 12.17 13 22339 2281 56267434
Portal fibrosis 22.26 12.17 7 22345 267 56269448
General physical health deterioration 22.03 12.17 21 22331 169989 56099726
Blood triglycerides increased 21.77 12.17 25 22327 11652 56258063
Dehydration 21.65 12.17 122 22230 158703 56111012
Abdominal discomfort 21.51 12.17 49 22303 277225 55992490
Exposure during pregnancy 21.24 12.17 14 22338 136328 56133387
Diabetic neuropathy 21.15 12.17 15 22337 3733 56265982
Dyspnoea 20.70 12.17 340 22012 592237 55677478
Radius fracture 20.57 12.17 14 22338 3261 56266454
Musculoskeletal stiffness 20.53 12.17 19 22333 155988 56113727
Fasting 20.34 12.17 4 22348 19 56269696
Fluid retention 20.15 12.17 57 22295 54021 56215694
Ketoacidosis 20.02 12.17 15 22337 4060 56265655
Haematuria 19.58 12.17 37 22315 26950 56242765
Tibia fracture 18.11 12.17 15 22337 4693 56265022
Nasopharyngitis 18.00 12.17 38 22314 220921 56048794
Acute myocardial infarction 17.67 12.17 38 22314 30355 56239360
Pancreatic carcinoma metastatic 17.58 12.17 11 22341 2224 56267491
High density lipoprotein decreased 17.30 12.17 10 22342 1752 56267963
Incorrect dose administered 17.30 12.17 53 22299 52494 56217221
Ketosis 17.09 12.17 7 22345 577 56269138
Vomiting 17.05 12.17 285 22067 497943 55771772
Arteriosclerosis coronary artery 16.77 12.17 18 22334 7787 56261928
Infection 16.67 12.17 34 22318 200172 56069543
Transitional cell carcinoma 16.59 12.17 7 22345 621 56269094
Varicose vein ruptured 16.52 12.17 4 22348 56 56269659
Nicotinic acid deficiency 16.32 12.17 4 22348 59 56269656
Rash 16.20 12.17 122 22230 492925 55776790
Nausea 16.19 12.17 407 21945 763771 55505944
Decreased appetite 16.11 12.17 145 22207 219086 56050629
IIIrd nerve paralysis 16.11 12.17 7 22345 668 56269047
Retinal aneurysm 15.53 12.17 5 22347 206 56269509
Rhabdomyolysis 15.29 12.17 43 22309 40615 56229100
Ankle fracture 15.15 12.17 25 22327 16378 56253337
Shock 14.79 12.17 29 22323 21699 56248016
Left ventricular dysfunction 14.63 12.17 20 22332 11103 56258612
Visual acuity reduced 14.52 12.17 28 22324 20698 56249017
Renal impairment 14.48 12.17 67 22285 80646 56189069
Inflammatory bowel disease 14.48 12.17 12 22340 3756 56265959
Stomatitis 14.43 12.17 16 22336 120794 56148921
Unresponsive to stimuli 14.41 12.17 36 22316 31689 56238026
Blood glucose abnormal 14.37 12.17 16 22336 7212 56262503
Hepatic enzyme increased 14.35 12.17 29 22323 171355 56098360
Hypersensitivity 14.27 12.17 53 22299 256355 56013360
Euglycaemic diabetic ketoacidosis 14.05 12.17 11 22341 3178 56266537
Arteriosclerosis 13.98 12.17 18 22334 9435 56260280
Blood ketone body increased 13.97 12.17 5 22347 285 56269430
Swelling 13.71 12.17 49 22303 239722 56029993
Adult failure to thrive 13.70 12.17 4 22348 118 56269597
Postmortem blood drug level increased 13.67 12.17 6 22346 586 56269129
Acute coronary syndrome 13.51 12.17 18 22334 9750 56259965
Upper airway obstruction 13.49 12.17 6 22346 605 56269110
Product use in unapproved indication 13.42 12.17 22 22330 140800 56128915
Cerebrovascular accident 13.34 12.17 76 22276 99194 56170521
Pain 13.16 12.17 185 22167 662999 55606716
Contraindicated product prescribed 13.04 12.17 7 22345 1063 56268652
Face oedema 13.02 12.17 25 22327 18427 56251288
Hyperkalaemia 12.91 12.17 47 22305 50818 56218897
Salpingo-oophorectomy bilateral 12.89 12.17 4 22348 146 56269569
Cardiomegaly 12.47 12.17 23 22329 16444 56253271
Insulin resistance 12.26 12.17 6 22346 751 56268964
Retinal haemorrhage 12.22 12.17 12 22340 4679 56265036

FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (Male)

MedDRA adverse event termLikelihood ratioLikelihood ratio thresholdPatients taking drug having adverse eventPatients taking drug not having adverse eventPatients not taking drug having adverse eventPatients not taking drug not having adverse event
Bladder cancer 2347.53 12.22 738 24287 13987 31658332
Bladder transitional cell carcinoma 385.33 12.22 123 24902 2423 31669896
Blood glucose increased 258.27 12.22 278 24747 60805 31611514
Hypoglycaemia 231.51 12.22 241 24784 50705 31621614
Cardiac failure congestive 141.52 12.22 237 24788 79150 31593169
Diabetes mellitus inadequate control 135.31 12.22 98 24927 12643 31659676
Pancreatitis 134.07 12.22 153 24872 35618 31636701
Glycosylated haemoglobin increased 124.34 12.22 86 24939 10314 31662005
Oedema peripheral 100.89 12.22 249 24776 109590 31562729
Haematuria 97.14 12.22 149 24876 46165 31626154
Pancreatic carcinoma 86.44 12.22 64 24961 8536 31663783
Diabetic ketoacidosis 83.97 12.22 84 24941 16821 31655498
Bladder neoplasm 82.38 12.22 33 24992 1275 31671044
Blood glucose decreased 65.70 12.22 64 24961 12407 31659912
Myocardial infarction 61.39 12.22 213 24812 113241 31559078
Off label use 59.77 12.22 115 24910 347159 31325160
Transitional cell carcinoma 59.10 12.22 30 24995 2029 31670290
Macular oedema 54.48 12.22 31 24994 2637 31669682
Weight increased 49.50 12.22 161 24864 82786 31589533
Ureteric cancer 47.89 12.22 14 25011 202 31672117
Toxicity to various agents 47.53 12.22 44 24981 181443 31490876
Product use in unapproved indication 45.80 12.22 11 25014 99160 31573159
Malignant spinal cord compression 43.15 12.22 12 25013 143 31672176
Drug ineffective 43.11 12.22 164 24861 395409 31276910
Oedema 42.75 12.22 100 24925 42461 31629858
Hyperglycaemia 40.29 12.22 89 24936 36387 31635932
Pancreatitis acute 39.74 12.22 72 24953 25528 31646791
Genital infection fungal 36.92 12.22 11 25014 170 31672149
Bladder cancer recurrent 36.78 12.22 13 25012 353 31671966
Coronary artery disease 36.56 12.22 99 24926 45988 31626331
Bladder cancer stage 0, with cancer in situ 35.03 12.22 8 25017 39 31672280
Diabetic nephropathy 34.73 12.22 21 25004 2000 31670319
Diabetes mellitus 30.39 12.22 88 24937 42468 31629851
Meningitis eosinophilic 28.82 12.22 6 25019 17 31672302
Pemphigoid 28.64 12.22 34 24991 8237 31664082
Product complaint 28.44 12.22 28 24997 5496 31666823
Diabetic retinopathy 27.83 12.22 17 25008 1649 31670670
Acute myocardial infarction 27.06 12.22 95 24930 50728 31621591
Death 26.27 12.22 172 24853 360397 31311922
Gallbladder neoplasm 25.98 12.22 6 25019 31 31672288
Hypoglycaemic coma 25.68 12.22 18 25007 2203 31670116
General physical health deterioration 23.68 12.22 33 24992 113402 31558917
Euglycaemic diabetic ketoacidosis 23.65 12.22 19 25006 2855 31669464
Diabetic metabolic decompensation 22.80 12.22 15 25010 1654 31670665
Bladder transitional cell carcinoma stage III 22.13 12.22 5 25020 23 31672296
Treatment failure 22.10 12.22 3 25022 40789 31631530
Infectious mononucleosis 21.33 12.22 10 25015 568 31671751
Bladder papilloma 21.31 12.22 5 25020 28 31672291
Rheumatoid arthritis 20.73 12.22 6 25019 47803 31624516
Overdose 20.43 12.22 22 25003 84642 31587677
Renal cyst 20.39 12.22 29 24996 8387 31663932
Urethral cancer 20.24 12.22 6 25019 91 31672228
Pollakiuria 20.12 12.22 44 24981 17858 31654461
Pleural effusion 20.01 12.22 114 24911 74806 31597513
Intentional product use issue 19.96 12.22 7 25018 49340 31622979
Anti-insulin antibody positive 19.84 12.22 7 25018 189 31672130
Malignant neoplasm of renal pelvis 19.56 12.22 5 25020 42 31672277
Thrombocytopenia 19.04 12.22 54 24971 142693 31529626
Weight decreased 18.82 12.22 201 24824 159751 31512568
Cerebral infarction 18.81 12.22 54 24971 25923 31646396
Diabetic neuropathy 18.46 12.22 19 25006 3930 31668389
Urine cytology abnormal 18.44 12.22 3 25022 0 31672319
Cerebrovascular accident 18.08 12.22 116 24909 79368 31592951
Cardiac failure 18.07 12.22 123 24902 85830 31586489
Bladder transitional cell carcinoma stage II 17.87 12.22 5 25020 61 31672258
Hepatic cancer 17.68 12.22 26 24999 7749 31664570
Pulmonary oedema 17.04 12.22 75 24950 44427 31627892
Product use issue 17.02 12.22 12 25013 56747 31615572
Pyrexia 16.90 12.22 156 24869 303684 31368635
Blood glucose abnormal 16.87 12.22 21 25004 5342 31666977
Metastatic carcinoma of the bladder 16.67 12.22 6 25019 172 31672147
Abnormal weight gain 16.41 12.22 10 25015 966 31671353
Blood creatine phosphokinase increased 16.27 12.22 71 24954 41903 31630416
Type 2 diabetes mellitus 16.23 12.22 36 24989 14748 31657571
Prostate cancer 15.65 12.22 65 24960 37536 31634783
Drug intolerance 15.60 12.22 11 25014 52022 31620297
Bladder adenocarcinoma stage unspecified 15.14 12.22 3 25022 6 31672313
Post-thoracotomy pain syndrome 15.11 12.22 4 25021 39 31672280
Insulin resistance 14.77 12.22 8 25017 618 31671701
Neutropenia 14.68 12.22 59 24966 140305 31532014
Retinal aneurysm 14.61 12.22 5 25020 123 31672196
Isosporiasis 14.53 12.22 5 25020 125 31672194
Febrile neutropenia 14.19 12.22 49 24976 121800 31550519
Loss of consciousness 14.12 12.22 107 24918 77248 31595071
Sleep talking 13.81 12.22 7 25018 472 31671847
Angina pectoris 13.75 12.22 53 24972 29588 31642731
Interstitial lung disease 13.58 12.22 89 24936 61314 31611005
Intentional overdose 13.43 12.22 8 25017 41381 31630938
Aortic stenosis 13.20 12.22 16 25009 3960 31668359
Angina unstable 13.13 12.22 28 24997 11167 31661152
Hypoglycaemic unconsciousness 13.09 12.22 8 25017 776 31671543
Urogenital infection fungal 13.07 12.22 3 25022 15 31672304
Rectal cancer 12.93 12.22 12 25013 2189 31670130
Metastases to liver 12.87 12.22 30 24995 12697 31659622
Cholelithiasis 12.68 12.22 39 24986 19440 31652879
Blood urine present 12.61 12.22 26 24999 10131 31662188
Hepatic function abnormal 12.53 12.22 65 24960 41157 31631162

FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (Geriatric)

MedDRA adverse event termLikelihood ratioLikelihood ratio thresholdPatients taking drug having adverse eventPatients taking drug not having adverse eventPatients not taking drug having adverse eventPatients not taking drug not having adverse event
Bladder cancer 2297.35 11.30 687 36833 16555 70874369
Hypoglycaemia 584.94 11.30 447 37073 93917 70797007
Blood glucose increased 485.92 11.30 416 37104 102566 70788358
Bladder transitional cell carcinoma 462.43 11.30 129 37391 2390 70888534
Cardiac failure congestive 248.07 11.30 331 37189 135126 70755798
Diabetes mellitus inadequate control 241.36 11.30 150 37370 22495 70868429
Diabetic ketoacidosis 205.32 11.30 154 37366 31358 70859566
Oedema peripheral 177.50 11.30 380 37140 227711 70663213
Glycosylated haemoglobin increased 167.33 11.30 108 37412 17283 70873641
Haematuria 137.73 11.30 169 37351 63404 70827520
Bladder neoplasm 133.99 11.30 45 37475 1580 70889344
Blood glucose decreased 131.15 11.30 106 37414 24053 70866871
Myocardial infarction 113.29 11.30 268 37252 171377 70719547
Pancreatitis 109.77 11.30 150 37370 62518 70828406
Pancreatic carcinoma 104.51 11.30 72 37448 12832 70878092
Diabetic metabolic decompensation 96.50 11.30 42 37478 3010 70887914
Rheumatoid arthritis 95.80 11.30 19 37501 291786 70599138
Off label use 92.73 11.30 157 37363 742903 70148021
Drug ineffective 91.59 11.30 229 37291 939523 69951401
Hyperglycaemia 84.67 11.30 135 37385 64537 70826387
Macular oedema 83.85 11.30 45 37475 5117 70885807
Ureteric cancer 81.62 11.30 21 37499 281 70890643
Cardiac failure 78.78 11.30 209 37311 143332 70747592
Oedema 78.59 11.30 171 37349 103410 70787514
Weight increased 76.94 11.30 292 37228 242039 70648885
Transitional cell carcinoma 72.84 11.30 32 37488 2345 70888579
Diabetes mellitus 68.02 11.30 130 37390 71694 70819230
Coronary artery disease 64.97 11.30 118 37402 62618 70828306
Drug intolerance 62.02 11.30 21 37499 225666 70665258
Diabetic retinopathy 60.77 11.30 30 37490 2867 70888057
Drug abuse 54.10 11.30 7 37513 147249 70743675
Acute myocardial infarction 53.76 11.30 119 37401 72768 70818156
Pancreatitis acute 53.23 11.30 90 37430 45134 70845790
Hypoglycaemic coma 51.86 11.30 31 37489 4330 70886594
Treatment failure 50.27 11.30 8 37512 144134 70746790
Malignant spinal cord compression 47.92 11.30 12 37508 143 70890781
Infusion related reaction 46.77 11.30 23 37497 197511 70693413
Bladder cancer stage 0, with cancer in situ 46.61 11.30 10 37510 56 70890868
Pemphigoid 43.56 11.30 45 37475 13977 70876947
Lactic acidosis 43.33 11.30 102 37418 64922 70826002
Bladder cancer recurrent 41.97 11.30 14 37506 481 70890443
Genital infection fungal 41.28 11.30 11 37509 170 70890754
Product use in unapproved indication 40.93 11.30 30 37490 207448 70683476
Euglycaemic diabetic ketoacidosis 40.54 11.30 30 37490 5977 70884947
Bladder adenocarcinoma stage unspecified 39.91 11.30 8 37512 30 70890894
Diabetic nephropathy 39.05 11.30 22 37498 2751 70888173
General physical health deterioration 37.19 11.30 42 37478 235989 70654935
Maternal exposure during pregnancy 36.80 11.30 8 37512 115337 70775587
Rhabdomyolysis 35.08 11.30 121 37399 95639 70795285
Diabetic neuropathy 34.56 11.30 27 37493 5831 70885093
Contraindicated product administered 34.48 11.30 14 37506 134598 70756326
Angina unstable 33.98 11.30 42 37478 15851 70875073
Lower respiratory tract infection 33.28 11.30 9 37511 111904 70779020
Toxicity to various agents 31.91 11.30 100 37420 382072 70508852
Product use issue 31.78 11.30 29 37491 179908 70711016
Cerebrovascular accident 31.66 11.30 155 37365 143315 70747609
Bladder papilloma 31.48 11.30 6 37514 16 70890908
Pleural effusion 31.10 11.30 146 37374 132718 70758206
Pulmonary oedema 31.04 11.30 105 37415 82173 70808751
Chest pain 30.84 11.30 233 37287 251027 70639897
Urine cytology abnormal 30.38 11.30 5 37515 3 70890921
Cerebral infarction 30.34 11.30 69 37451 42940 70847984
Glossodynia 29.70 11.30 5 37515 86482 70804442
Weight decreased 29.61 11.30 272 37248 310216 70580708
Retinal aneurysm 29.08 11.30 9 37511 242 70890682
Blood creatine phosphokinase increased 27.50 11.30 83 37437 61180 70829744
Dehydration 27.35 11.30 209 37311 225933 70664991
Pericarditis 26.76 11.30 6 37514 84699 70806225
Retinal haemorrhage 26.25 11.30 26 37494 7684 70883240
Exposure during pregnancy 26.18 11.30 7 37513 87710 70803214
Meningitis eosinophilic 25.80 11.30 5 37515 15 70890909
Product complaint 25.63 11.30 32 37488 12199 70878725
Intentional product use issue 25.52 11.30 16 37504 120126 70770798
Bladder trabeculation 25.10 11.30 6 37514 58 70890866
Urethral cancer 24.74 11.30 6 37514 62 70890862
Alopecia 23.66 11.30 43 37477 198447 70692477
Bladder transitional cell carcinoma stage III 23.62 11.30 5 37515 26 70890898
Hypersensitivity 23.00 11.30 55 37465 229757 70661167
Gallbladder neoplasm 23.00 11.30 6 37514 85 70890839
Blood triglycerides increased 22.95 11.30 39 37481 19625 70871299
Renal failure 22.44 11.30 174 37346 188896 70702028
Fluid retention 22.26 11.30 79 37441 63306 70827618
Visual acuity reduced 22.18 11.30 47 37473 27883 70863041
Ketoacidosis 21.99 11.30 23 37497 7246 70883678
Prostate cancer 21.98 11.30 50 37470 31113 70859811
Pain 21.44 11.30 221 37299 628595 70262329
Hepatic cancer 21.37 11.30 26 37494 9657 70881267
Wound 21.17 11.30 13 37507 98719 70792205
Cholelithiasis 21.12 11.30 64 37456 47276 70843648
Discomfort 21.10 11.30 15 37505 105421 70785503
Blood glucose fluctuation 21.09 11.30 21 37499 6246 70884678
Insulin resistance 20.72 11.30 11 37509 1223 70889701
Joint swelling 20.59 11.30 67 37453 253144 70637780
Arthropathy 20.22 11.30 30 37490 150027 70740897
Blood glucose abnormal 20.02 11.30 25 37495 9532 70881392
Hepatic function abnormal 19.95 11.30 80 37440 67916 70823008
Anti-insulin antibody positive 19.80 11.30 7 37513 287 70890637
Peripheral swelling 19.65 11.30 62 37458 236501 70654423
Febrile neutropenia 19.58 11.30 50 37470 204268 70686656
Therapeutic product effect incomplete 19.23 11.30 21 37499 119861 70771063
Acute kidney injury 19.18 11.30 355 37165 474269 70416655
Cardiomegaly 19.14 11.30 41 37479 24504 70866420
Renal cyst 19.04 11.30 29 37491 13316 70877608
Lacunar infarction 19.00 11.30 19 37501 5677 70885247
Coronary artery occlusion 18.83 11.30 30 37490 14315 70876609
Hydronephrosis 18.82 11.30 31 37489 15211 70875713
Pyrexia 18.81 11.30 218 37302 606734 70284190
IIIrd nerve paralysis 18.70 11.30 10 37510 1129 70889795
Bladder transitional cell carcinoma stage II 18.66 11.30 5 37515 79 70890845
Biopsy skin abnormal 18.54 11.30 6 37514 187 70890737
Musculoskeletal stiffness 18.52 11.30 31 37489 147729 70743195
Angina pectoris 18.47 11.30 62 37458 48321 70842603
Retinal exudates 18.44 11.30 10 37510 1160 70889764
High density lipoprotein decreased 18.08 11.30 16 37504 4103 70886821
Psoriatic arthropathy 17.82 11.30 6 37514 64765 70826159
Fatigue 17.53 11.30 319 37201 824000 70066924
Nasopharyngitis 17.24 11.30 60 37460 222146 70668778
Fall 17.19 11.30 330 37190 443766 70447158
Rash 17.15 11.30 180 37340 510382 70380542
Blood ketone body increased 17.11 11.30 8 37512 678 70890246
Fasting 17.09 11.30 4 37516 35 70890889
Ill-defined disorder 17.05 11.30 4 37516 54737 70836187
Pancreatic carcinoma metastatic 17.02 11.30 15 37505 3825 70887099
Stomatitis 17.02 11.30 26 37494 128485 70762439
Decreased appetite 16.79 11.30 240 37280 304540 70586384
Low density lipoprotein increased 16.74 11.30 21 37499 8044 70882880
Aortic stenosis 16.65 11.30 19 37501 6597 70884327
Ketosis 16.51 11.30 9 37511 1055 70889869
Malignant neoplasm of renal pelvis 16.50 11.30 5 37515 125 70890799
Arthralgia 16.29 11.30 179 37341 503211 70387713
Diabetic retinal oedema 15.95 11.30 7 37513 512 70890412
Blood urea increased 15.93 11.30 57 37463 45852 70845072
Transient ischaemic attack 15.91 11.30 57 37463 45887 70845037
Diabetic complication 15.49 11.30 9 37511 1192 70889732
Renal cell carcinoma 15.35 11.30 19 37501 7182 70883742
Pancreatitis chronic 15.33 11.30 14 37506 3740 70887184
Death 15.10 11.30 185 37335 509876 70381048
Microalbuminuria 15.06 11.30 8 37512 891 70890033
Portal fibrosis 15.04 11.30 7 37513 587 70890337
Radius fracture 14.97 11.30 13 37507 3253 70887671
Isosporiasis 14.90 11.30 5 37515 175 70890749
Face oedema 14.72 11.30 38 37482 25601 70865323
Hypoglycaemic encephalopathy 14.67 11.30 7 37513 621 70890303
Cardiac failure acute 14.55 11.30 30 37490 17457 70873467
Peripheral vascular disorder 14.47 11.30 19 37501 7613 70883311
Mucosal inflammation 14.45 11.30 9 37511 67841 70823083
Metastatic carcinoma of the bladder 14.43 11.30 5 37515 193 70890731
Abnormal weight gain 14.41 11.30 11 37509 2295 70888629
Multiple injuries 14.41 11.30 13 37507 3418 70887506
Cardiac disorder 14.41 11.30 66 37454 59349 70831575
Urogenital infection fungal 14.27 11.30 3 37517 15 70890909
Infectious mononucleosis 13.99 11.30 10 37510 1889 70889035
Helicobacter infection 13.91 11.30 6 37514 55650 70835274
Chronic gastritis 13.84 11.30 13 37507 3600 70887324
Treatment noncompliance 13.82 11.30 55 37465 46519 70844405
Pollakiuria 13.78 11.30 44 37476 33417 70857507
Blood pressure fluctuation 13.76 11.30 7 37513 59005 70831919
Therapeutic product effect decreased 13.70 11.30 35 37485 142983 70747941
Duodenal ulcer perforation 13.61 11.30 5 37515 51107 70839817
Folliculitis 13.48 11.30 3 37517 42567 70848357
Adenocarcinoma pancreas 13.44 11.30 10 37510 2008 70888916
Arteriosclerosis 13.21 11.30 28 37492 16610 70874314
Varicose vein ruptured 13.16 11.30 4 37516 101 70890823
Hypoglycaemic unconsciousness 13.16 11.30 8 37512 1152 70889772
Polydipsia 13.08 11.30 16 37504 5972 70884952
Rectal cancer 12.96 11.30 12 37508 3262 70887662
Salpingo-oophorectomy bilateral 12.95 11.30 3 37517 25 70890899
Sinusitis 12.91 11.30 46 37474 169149 70721775
Coma 12.72 11.30 18 37502 91826 70799098
Nocturia 12.68 11.30 23 37497 12181 70878743
Renal impairment 12.65 11.30 124 37396 143813 70747111
Urine ketone body present 12.64 11.30 12 37508 3367 70887557
Infection 12.57 11.30 63 37457 210722 70680202
Blood creatinine increased 12.47 11.30 123 37397 142878 70748046
Dilatation atrial 12.25 11.30 12 37508 3500 70887424
Loss of control of legs 12.11 11.30 9 37511 1805 70889119
Ventricular hypertrophy 11.88 11.30 16 37504 6568 70884356
Neuropathic arthropathy 11.88 11.30 5 37515 330 70890594
Cellulitis 11.70 11.30 91 37429 98837 70792087
Humerus fracture 11.66 11.30 18 37502 8360 70882564
Dyspnoea 11.66 11.30 508 37012 769552 70121372
Neutropenia 11.57 11.30 84 37436 257072 70633852
Asthenia 11.45 11.30 320 37200 457346 70433578
Sleep talking 11.35 11.30 7 37513 1034 70889890

FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (Pediatric)

None

Pharmacologic Action:

SourceCodeDescription
ATC A10BD05 ALIMENTARY TRACT AND METABOLISM
DRUGS USED IN DIABETES
BLOOD GLUCOSE LOWERING DRUGS, EXCL. INSULINS
Combinations of oral blood glucose lowering drugs
ATC A10BD06 ALIMENTARY TRACT AND METABOLISM
DRUGS USED IN DIABETES
BLOOD GLUCOSE LOWERING DRUGS, EXCL. INSULINS
Combinations of oral blood glucose lowering drugs
ATC A10BD09 ALIMENTARY TRACT AND METABOLISM
DRUGS USED IN DIABETES
BLOOD GLUCOSE LOWERING DRUGS, EXCL. INSULINS
Combinations of oral blood glucose lowering drugs
ATC A10BD12 ALIMENTARY TRACT AND METABOLISM
DRUGS USED IN DIABETES
BLOOD GLUCOSE LOWERING DRUGS, EXCL. INSULINS
Combinations of oral blood glucose lowering drugs
ATC A10BG03 ALIMENTARY TRACT AND METABOLISM
DRUGS USED IN DIABETES
BLOOD GLUCOSE LOWERING DRUGS, EXCL. INSULINS
Thiazolidinediones
FDA CS M0199111 PPAR alpha
FDA CS M0199114 PPAR gamma
FDA CS M0447306 Thiazolidinediones
FDA MoA N0000175374 Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor Activity
FDA EPC N0000175596 Peroxisome Proliferator Receptor alpha Agonist
MeSH PA D007004 Hypoglycemic Agents
CHEBI has role CHEBI:35469 antidepressants
CHEBI has role CHEBI:35526 antidiabetic
CHEBI has role CHEBI:35703 Xenobiotic
CHEBI has role CHEBI:50864 insulin sensitizers
CHEBI has role CHEBI:71554 PPARgamma agonist
CHEBI has role CHEBI:77194 ATP:pantothenate 4-phosphotransferase inhibitor
CHEBI has role CHEBI:77307 cardioprotective agents
CHEBI has role CHEBI:83157 EC 6.2.1.3 inhibitors
CHEBI has role CHEBI:173084 ferroptosis inhibitors
CHEBI has role CHEBI:176497 geroprotectors
FDA EPC N0000180186 Peroxisome Proliferator Receptor gamma Agonist
FDA EPC N0000180190 Thiazolidinedione

Drug Use | Suggest Off label Use Form| |View source of the data|

DiseaseRelationSNOMED_IDDOID
Diabetes mellitus type 2 indication 44054006 DOID:9352
Alcoholism contraindication 7200002
Asthenia contraindication 13791008
Myocardial infarction contraindication 22298006 DOID:5844
Acute vomiting contraindication 23971007
Alcohol intoxication contraindication 25702006
Shock contraindication 27942005
Dehydration contraindication 34095006
Macular retinal edema contraindication 37231002 DOID:4449
Infectious disease contraindication 40733004
Body fluid retention contraindication 43498006
Chronic heart failure contraindication 48447003
Hepatic porphyria contraindication 55056006 DOID:3133
Ketoacidosis contraindication 56051008
Metabolic acidosis contraindication 59455009
Hemolytic anemia contraindication 61261009 DOID:583
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency anemia contraindication 62403005
Hypopituitarism contraindication 74728003 DOID:9406
Cardiogenic shock contraindication 89138009
Kidney disease contraindication 90708001 DOID:557
Lactic acidosis contraindication 91273001 DOID:3650
Fracture of bone contraindication 125605004
Autonomic dysreflexia contraindication 129618003
Liver function tests abnormal contraindication 166603001
Cobalamin deficiency contraindication 190634004
Decompensated cardiac failure contraindication 195111005
Disease of liver contraindication 235856003 DOID:409
Hypoglycemic disorder contraindication 237630007
Sepsis syndrome contraindication 238150007
Edema contraindication 267038008
Primary adrenocortical insufficiency contraindication 373662000
Adrenal cortical hypofunction contraindication 386584007 DOID:10493
Fever contraindication 386661006
Surgical procedure contraindication 387713003
Malignant tumor of urinary bladder contraindication 399326009 DOID:11054
Severe diarrhea contraindication 409587002
Breastfeeding (mother) contraindication 413712001
Traumatic injury contraindication 417746004
Fever greater than 100.4 Fahrenheit contraindication 426000000
Radiography with IV Iodinated Contrast Agent contraindication
Severe Hypoxemia contraindication




๐Ÿถ Veterinary Drug Use

None

๐Ÿถ Veterinary products

None

Acid dissociation constants calculated using MoKa v3.0.0

Dissociation levelDissociation constantType (acidic/basic)
pKa1 6.33 acidic
pKa2 7.15 Basic

Orange Book patent data (new drug applications)

Formulation strengthTrade nameApplicantApplication numberApproval dateTypeDose formRoutePatent numberPatent expiration datePatent use
EQ 12.5MG BASE;EQ 15MG BASE OSENI TAKEDA PHARMS USA N022426 Jan. 25, 2013 DISCN TABLET ORAL 8173663 March 15, 2025 METHOD OF TREATING DIABETES COMPRISING ADMINISTERING A COMPOUND SUCH AS ALOGLIPTIN
EQ 12.5MG BASE;EQ 30MG BASE OSENI TAKEDA PHARMS USA N022426 Jan. 25, 2013 RX TABLET ORAL 8173663 March 15, 2025 METHOD OF TREATING DIABETES COMPRISING ADMINISTERING A COMPOUND SUCH AS ALOGLIPTIN
EQ 12.5MG BASE;EQ 45MG BASE OSENI TAKEDA PHARMS USA N022426 Jan. 25, 2013 DISCN TABLET ORAL 8173663 March 15, 2025 METHOD OF TREATING DIABETES COMPRISING ADMINISTERING A COMPOUND SUCH AS ALOGLIPTIN
EQ 25MG BASE;EQ 15MG BASE OSENI TAKEDA PHARMS USA N022426 Jan. 25, 2013 RX TABLET ORAL 8173663 March 15, 2025 METHOD OF TREATING DIABETES COMPRISING ADMINISTERING A COMPOUND SUCH AS ALOGLIPTIN
EQ 25MG BASE;EQ 30MG BASE OSENI TAKEDA PHARMS USA N022426 Jan. 25, 2013 RX TABLET ORAL 8173663 March 15, 2025 METHOD OF TREATING DIABETES COMPRISING ADMINISTERING A COMPOUND SUCH AS ALOGLIPTIN
EQ 25MG BASE;EQ 45MG BASE OSENI TAKEDA PHARMS USA N022426 Jan. 25, 2013 RX TABLET ORAL 8173663 March 15, 2025 METHOD OF TREATING DIABETES COMPRISING ADMINISTERING A COMPOUND SUCH AS ALOGLIPTIN
EQ 12.5MG BASE;EQ 15MG BASE OSENI TAKEDA PHARMS USA N022426 Jan. 25, 2013 DISCN TABLET ORAL 7807689 June 27, 2028 METHOD OF TREATING DIABETES COMPRISING ADMINISTERING ALOGLIPTIN
EQ 12.5MG BASE;EQ 30MG BASE OSENI TAKEDA PHARMS USA N022426 Jan. 25, 2013 RX TABLET ORAL 7807689 June 27, 2028 METHOD OF TREATING DIABETES COMPRISING ADMINISTERING ALOGLIPTIN
EQ 12.5MG BASE;EQ 45MG BASE OSENI TAKEDA PHARMS USA N022426 Jan. 25, 2013 DISCN TABLET ORAL 7807689 June 27, 2028 METHOD OF TREATING DIABETES COMPRISING ADMINISTERING ALOGLIPTIN
EQ 25MG BASE;EQ 15MG BASE OSENI TAKEDA PHARMS USA N022426 Jan. 25, 2013 RX TABLET ORAL 7807689 June 27, 2028 METHOD OF TREATING DIABETES COMPRISING ADMINISTERING ALOGLIPTIN
EQ 25MG BASE;EQ 30MG BASE OSENI TAKEDA PHARMS USA N022426 Jan. 25, 2013 RX TABLET ORAL 7807689 June 27, 2028 METHOD OF TREATING DIABETES COMPRISING ADMINISTERING ALOGLIPTIN
EQ 25MG BASE;EQ 45MG BASE OSENI TAKEDA PHARMS USA N022426 Jan. 25, 2013 RX TABLET ORAL 7807689 June 27, 2028 METHOD OF TREATING DIABETES COMPRISING ADMINISTERING ALOGLIPTIN

Orange Book exclusivity data (new drug applications)

None

Bioactivity Summary:

TargetClassPharosUniProtActionTypeActivity value
(-log[M])
Mechanism
action
Bioact sourceMoA source
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma Nuclear hormone receptor AGONIST EC50 6.23 WOMBAT-PK CHEMBL
Bile salt export pump Transporter IC50 6.52 CHEMBL
Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B Enzyme Ki 6.30 CHEMBL
Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A Enzyme IC50 4.46 DRUG MATRIX
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha Nuclear hormone receptor EC50 5.18 CHEMBL
CDGSH iron-sulfur domain-containing protein 1 Unclassified Ki 6.43 CHEMBL
Carbonic anhydrase 2 Enzyme IC50 6.94 DRUG MATRIX
CDGSH iron-sulfur domain-containing protein 2 Unclassified IC50 5.32 CHEMBL
Aldose reductase Enzyme IC50 4.88 DRUG MATRIX
Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B Enzyme Ki 5.68 CHEMBL
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha Transcription factor IC50 5.94 CHEMBL
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma Transcription factor IC50 6.15 CHEMBL
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma Transcription factor IC50 6.15 CHEMBL
Enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase [NADH] Enzyme IC50 4.10 CHEMBL
Bile salt export pump Transporter IC50 5.70 CHEMBL
CDGSH iron-sulfur domain-containing protein 1 Unclassified IC50 6 CHEMBL

External reference:

IDSource
4021165 VUID
N0000148616 NUI
D00945 KEGG_DRUG
112529-15-4 SECONDARY_CAS_RN
4021165 VANDF
4021166 VANDF
4029214 VANDF
C0071097 UMLSCUI
CHEBI:8228 CHEBI
8N6 PDB_CHEM_ID
CHEMBL595 ChEMBL_ID
DB01132 DRUGBANK_ID
CHEMBL1715 ChEMBL_ID
D000077205 MESH_DESCRIPTOR_UI
4829 PUBCHEM_CID
2694 IUPHAR_LIGAND_ID
6343 INN_ID
X4OV71U42S UNII
259319 RXNORM
178611 MMSL
29092 MMSL
35713 MMSL
8258 MMSL
d04442 MMSL
007823 NDDF
007824 NDDF
116097005 SNOMEDCT_US
326058001 SNOMEDCT_US
395828009 SNOMEDCT_US

Pharmaceutical products:

ProductCategoryIngredientsNDCFormQuantityRouteMarketingLabel
Pioglitazone HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL 1 0093-7271 TABLET 15 mg ORAL ANDA 29 sections
Pioglitazone HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL 1 0093-7271 TABLET 15 mg ORAL ANDA 29 sections
Pioglitazone HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL 1 0093-7272 TABLET 30 mg ORAL ANDA 29 sections
Pioglitazone HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL 1 0093-7272 TABLET 30 mg ORAL ANDA 29 sections
Pioglitazone HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL 1 0093-7273 TABLET 45 mg ORAL ANDA 29 sections
Pioglitazone HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL 1 0093-7273 TABLET 45 mg ORAL ANDA 29 sections
Pioglitazone HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL 1 0781-5420 TABLET 15 mg ORAL ANDA 28 sections
Pioglitazone HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL 1 0781-5421 TABLET 30 mg ORAL ANDA 28 sections
Pioglitazone HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL 1 0781-5422 TABLET 45 mg ORAL ANDA 28 sections
Pioglitazone and metformin HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL 2 0781-5626 TABLET, FILM COATED 15 mg ORAL ANDA 29 sections
Pioglitazone and metformin HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL 2 0781-5627 TABLET, FILM COATED 15 mg ORAL ANDA 29 sections
Pioglitazone hydrochloride and glimepiride HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL 2 0781-5634 TABLET 30 mg ORAL ANDA 28 sections
Pioglitazone hydrochloride and glimepiride HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL 2 0781-5635 TABLET 30 mg ORAL ANDA 28 sections
Pioglitazone HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL 1 0904-7090 TABLET 15 mg ORAL ANDA 30 sections
Pioglitazone HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL 1 0904-7090 TABLET 15 mg ORAL ANDA 30 sections
Pioglitazone HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL 1 0904-7096 TABLET 30 mg ORAL ANDA 30 sections
Pioglitazone HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL 1 0904-7096 TABLET 30 mg ORAL ANDA 30 sections
PIOGLITAZONEHYDROCHLORIDE HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL 1 13668-119 TABLET 30 mg ORAL ANDA 26 sections
PIOGLITAZONEHYDROCHLORIDE HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL 1 13668-120 TABLET 45 mg ORAL ANDA 26 sections
PIOGLITAZONEHYDROCHLORIDE HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL 1 13668-140 TABLET 15 mg ORAL ANDA 26 sections
Pioglitazone HCL and Metformin HCL HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL 2 13668-280 TABLET 15 mg ORAL ANDA 28 sections
Pioglitazone HCL and Metformin HCL HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL 2 13668-281 TABLET 15 mg ORAL ANDA 28 sections
Pioglitazone Human Prescription Drug Label 1 16714-645 TABLET 15 mg ORAL ANDA 30 sections
Pioglitazone Human Prescription Drug Label 1 16714-646 TABLET 30 mg ORAL ANDA 30 sections
Pioglitazone Human Prescription Drug Label 1 16714-647 TABLET 45 mg ORAL ANDA 30 sections
PIOGLITAZONE HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL 1 16729-020 TABLET 15 mg ORAL ANDA 29 sections
PIOGLITAZONE HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL 1 16729-021 TABLET 30 mg ORAL ANDA 29 sections
PIOGLITAZONE HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL 1 16729-022 TABLET 45 mg ORAL ANDA 29 sections
Actos HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL 1 21695-147 TABLET 15 mg ORAL NDA 31 sections
Actos HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL 1 21695-148 TABLET 30 mg ORAL NDA 31 sections