melatonin Indications/Contra | FAERs-F | FAERs-M | Orange Bk | BioActivity |

Stem definition	Drug id	CAS RN
	1672	73-31-4

Description:

Molecule	Description
Molfile Inchi Smiles Synonyms: melatonin melatol melatonine circadin	A biogenic amine that is found in animals and plants. In mammals, melatonin is produced by the PINEAL GLAND. Its secretion increases in darkness and decreases during exposure to light. Melatonin is implicated in the regulation of SLEEP, mood, and REPRODUCTION. Melatonin is also an effective antioxidant. Molecular weight: 232.28 Formula: C13H16N2O2 CLOGP: 1.03 LIPINSKI: 0 HAC: 4 HDO: 2 TPSA: 54.12 ALOGS: -3.21 ROTB: 4

Molecule

Description

Molfile Inchi Smiles

Synonyms:

melatonin
melatol
melatonine
circadin

A biogenic amine that is found in animals and plants. In mammals, melatonin is produced by the PINEAL GLAND. Its secretion increases in darkness and decreases during exposure to light. Melatonin is implicated in the regulation of SLEEP, mood, and REPRODUCTION. Melatonin is also an effective antioxidant.

Molecular weight: 232.28
Formula: C13H16N2O2
CLOGP: 1.03
LIPINSKI: 0
HAC: 4
HDO: 2
TPSA: 54.12
ALOGS: -3.21
ROTB: 4

Drug dosage:

Dose	Unit	Route
2	mg	O

ADMET properties:

Property	Value	Reference
BDDCS (Biopharmaceutical Drug Disposition Classification System)	1	Benet LZ, Broccatelli F, Oprea TI
S (Water solubility)	0.10 mg/mL	Benet LZ, Broccatelli F, Oprea TI
MRTD (Maximum Recommended Therapeutic Daily Dose)	0.36 µM/kg/day	Contrera JF, Matthews EJ, Kruhlak NL, Benz RD
BA (Bioavailability)	12 %	Kim MT, Sedykh A, Chakravarti SK, Saiakhov RD, Zhu H
Vd (Volume of distribution)	1.10 L/kg	Lombardo F, Berellini G, Obach RS
CL (Clearance)	16.50 mL/min/kg	Lombardo F, Berellini G, Obach RS
fu (Fraction unbound in plasma)	0.39 %	Lombardo F, Berellini G, Obach RS
t_half (Half-life)	1.10 hours	Lombardo F, Berellini G, Obach RS

Approvals:

Date	Agency	Company	Orphan
None	FDA

FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (Female)

MedDRA adverse event term	Likelihood ratio	Likelihood ratio threshold	Patients taking drug having adverse event	Patients taking drug not having adverse event	Patients not taking drug having adverse event	Patients not taking drug not having adverse event
Somnolence	434.34	43.84	104	379	23381	2334221
Pneumonia aspiration	430.34	43.84	76	407	3666	2353936
Coma	380.96	43.84	79	404	8977	2348625
Completed suicide	366.08	43.84	89	394	20945	2336657
Gastrooesophageal reflux disease	351.28	43.84	74	409	9021	2348581
Toxicity to various agents	203.68	43.84	62	421	32692	2324910
Intentional overdose	190.20	43.84	47	436	11274	2346328
Suicide attempt	121.58	43.84	33	450	11249	2346353
Intentional self-injury	78.27	43.84	19	464	4108	2353494
Tachycardia	71.78	43.84	24	459	16385	2341217
Seizure	62.41	43.84	24	459	24442	2333160
Cardio-respiratory arrest	58.98	43.84	18	465	9128	2348474
Insomnia	54.18	43.84	22	461	25765	2331837
Depressed level of consciousness	49.14	43.84	15	468	7589	2350013
Headache	45.38	43.84	28	455	80151	2277451
Confusional state	45.10	43.84	19	464	24325	2333277
Cestode infection	45.05	43.84	5	478	3	2357599

FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (Male)

MedDRA adverse event term	Likelihood ratio	Likelihood ratio threshold	Patients taking drug having adverse event	Patients taking drug not having adverse event	Patients not taking drug having adverse event	Patients not taking drug not having adverse event
Choreoathetosis	107.40	53.21	15	249	158	1746359
Completed suicide	100.47	53.21	30	234	16282	1730235
Agitation	70.68	53.21	21	243	11005	1735512
Toxicity to various agents	61.18	53.21	24	240	29117	1717400
Drug interaction	58.56	53.21	23	241	27935	1718582

Pharmacologic Action:

Source	Code	Description
ATC	N05CH01	NERVOUS SYSTEM PSYCHOLEPTICS HYPNOTICS AND SEDATIVES Melatonin receptor agonists
CHEBI has role	CHEBI:35623	anticonvulsant
CHEBI has role	CHEBI:35488	central nervous system depressant
CHEBI has role	CHEBI:50847	immunological adjuvant
MeSH PA	D000975	Antioxidants
MeSH PA	D002491	Central Nervous System Agents
MeSH PA	D002492	Central Nervous System Depressants
MeSH PA	D020011	Protective Agents

Drug Use (View source of the data)

Disease	Relation	SNOMED_ID	DOID
Disorders of initiating and maintaining sleep	indication	194437008
Alcoholism	contraindication	7200002
Psoriasis	contraindication	9014002	DOID:8893
Poisoning by digitalis glycoside	contraindication	12876009
Constipation	contraindication	14760008	DOID:2089
Sarcoidosis	contraindication	31541009	DOID:11335
Depressive disorder	contraindication	35489007
Systemic lupus erythematosus	contraindication	55464009	DOID:9074
Schizophrenia	contraindication	58214004	DOID:5419
Hepatic failure	contraindication	59927004
Hypercalcemia	contraindication	66931009	DOID:12678
Poisoning by acetaminophen	contraindication	70273001
Hypercalciuria	contraindication	71938000
Autoimmune disease	contraindication	85828009
Kidney disease	contraindication	90708001	DOID:557
Eosinophilia myalgia syndrome	contraindication	95416007	DOID:998
Kidney stone	contraindication	95570007
Disease of liver	contraindication	235856003	DOID:409

Acid dissociation constants calculated using MoKa v3.0.0

Dissociation level	Dissociation constant	Type (acidic/basic)
pKa1	13.29	acidic
pKa2	13.99	acidic

Orange Book patent data (new drug applications)

None

Orange Book exclusivity data (new drug applications)

None

Bioactivity Summary:

Target	Class	Pharos	UniProt	Action	Type	Activity value (-log[M])	Bioact source	MoA source
Melatonin receptor type 1B	GPCR	P49286	MTR1B_HUMAN	AGONIST	EC50	9.70	WOMBAT-PK	IUPHAR
Melatonin receptor type 1A	GPCR	P48039	MTR1A_HUMAN	AGONIST	EC50	9.40	WOMBAT-PK	IUPHAR
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B	GPCR	P41595	5HT2B_HUMAN	ANTAGONIST	Ki	5.20	IUPHAR
Nuclear receptor ROR-alpha	Nuclear hormone receptor	P35398	RORA_HUMAN		EC50	9	WOMBAT-PK
Ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase [quinone]	Enzyme	P16083	NQO2_HUMAN		Ki	7.56	CHEMBL
Melatonin receptor	GPCR		MTR1A_CHICK MTR1B_CHICK MTR1C_CHICK		Ki	9.75	CHEMBL
Melatonin receptor type 1B	GPCR		MTR1B_CHICK		Ki	9.15	CHEMBL

External reference:

ID	Source
4021324	VUID
N0000148757	NUI
C0025219	UMLSCUI
116523008	SNOMEDCT_US
5609	MMSL
6711	RXNORM
41199001	SNOMEDCT_US
5037	MMSL
d04058	MMSL
4021324	VANDF
005039	NDDF
896	PUBCHEM_CID
CHEBI:16796	CHEBI
CHEMBL45	ChEMBL_ID
DB01065	DRUGBANK_ID
JL5DK93RCL	UNII
ML1	PDB_CHEM_ID
D008550	MESH_DESCRIPTOR_UI
224	IUPHAR_LIGAND_ID

Pharmaceutical products:

Product	Category	Ingredients	NDC	Form	Quantity	Route	Marketing	Label
Viatrexx-Male Plus	HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL	5	73069-320	INJECTION	201 [kp_C]	INTRAVENOUS	unapproved drug other	11 sections
Viatrexx-Neuro 3	HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL	15	73069-373	INJECTION	201 [kp_C]	INTRAVENOUS	unapproved drug other	11 sections
Viatrexx-Neuro	HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL	4	73069-375	INJECTION	201 [kp_C]	INTRAVENOUS	unapproved drug other	11 sections