levamisole Indications/Contra | FAERs-F | FAERs-M | Orange Bk | BioActivity |

Stem definition	Drug id	CAS RN
	1561	14769-73-4

Description:

Molecule	Description
Molfile Inchi Smiles Synonyms: levamisole hydrochloride levamisole tetramisole levamisol levamizol tetramisole hydrochloride levamisole HCl tetramisole HCl	An antihelminthic drug that has been tried experimentally in rheumatic disorders where it apparently restores the immune response by increasing macrophage chemotaxis and T-lymphocyte function. Paradoxically, this immune enhancement appears to be beneficial in rheumatoid arthritis where dermatitis, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia, and nausea and vomiting have been reported as side effects. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1991, p435-6) Molecular weight: 204.29 Formula: C11H12N2S CLOGP: 1.84 LIPINSKI: 0 HAC: 2 HDO: 0 TPSA: 15.60 ALOGS: -2.15 ROTB: 1 Status: OFM Legend: OFP - off patent OFM - off market ONP - on patent

Molecule

Description

Molfile Inchi Smiles

Synonyms:

levamisole hydrochloride
levamisole
tetramisole
levamisol
levamizol
tetramisole hydrochloride
levamisole HCl
tetramisole HCl

An antihelminthic drug that has been tried experimentally in rheumatic disorders where it apparently restores the immune response by increasing macrophage chemotaxis and T-lymphocyte function. Paradoxically, this immune enhancement appears to be beneficial in rheumatoid arthritis where dermatitis, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia, and nausea and vomiting have been reported as side effects. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1991, p435-6)

Molecular weight: 204.29
Formula: C11H12N2S
CLOGP: 1.84
LIPINSKI: 0
HAC: 2
HDO: 0
TPSA: 15.60
ALOGS: -2.15
ROTB: 1

Status: OFM

Legend:
OFP - off patent
OFM - off market
ONP - on patent

Drug dosage:

Dose	Unit	Route
0.15	g	O

ADMET properties:

Property	Value	Reference
BDDCS (Biopharmaceutical Drug Disposition Classification System)	1	Benet LZ, Broccatelli F, Oprea TI
MRTD (Maximum Recommended Therapeutic Daily Dose)	4.08 µM/kg/day	Contrera JF, Matthews EJ, Kruhlak NL, Benz RD
BA (Bioavailability)	65 %	Kim MT, Sedykh A, Chakravarti SK, Saiakhov RD, Zhu H

Approvals:

Date	Agency	Company	Orphan
June 18, 1990	FDA

FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (Female)

MedDRA adverse event term	Likelihood ratio	Likelihood ratio threshold	Patients taking drug having adverse event	Patients taking drug not having adverse event	Patients not taking drug having adverse event	Patients not taking drug not having adverse event
Toxicity to various agents	111.65	98.26	39	165	211727	46474131

FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (Male)

MedDRA adverse event term	Likelihood ratio	Likelihood ratio threshold	Patients taking drug having adverse event	Patients taking drug not having adverse event	Patients not taking drug having adverse event	Patients not taking drug not having adverse event
Toxicity to various agents	164.83	87.06	66	315	177117	29774980

Pharmacologic Action:

Source	Code	Description
ATC	P02CE01	ANTIPARASITIC PRODUCTS, INSECTICIDES AND REPELLENTS ANTHELMINTICS ANTINEMATODAL AGENTS Imidazothiazole derivatives
MeSH PA	D000276	Adjuvants, Immunologic
MeSH PA	D000871	Anthelmintics
MeSH PA	D000890	Anti-Infective Agents
MeSH PA	D000969	Antinematodal Agents
MeSH PA	D000977	Antiparasitic Agents
MeSH PA	D018501	Antirheumatic Agents
MeSH PA	D007155	Immunologic Factors
CHEBI has role	CHEBI:35444	antinematodals
CHEBI has role	CHEBI:35842	antirheumatic agent
CHEBI has role	CHEBI:50846	biomodulator
CHEBI has role	CHEBI:50847	immunostimulant
CHEBI has role	CHEBI:63332	alkaline phosphatase inhibitors

Drug Use (View source of the data)

Disease	Relation	SNOMED_ID	DOID
Ascariasis	indication	2435008	DOID:456
Ancylostomiasis	indication	63479002	DOID:12841

Acid dissociation constants calculated using MoKa v3.0.0

Dissociation level	Dissociation constant	Type (acidic/basic)
pKa1	8.2	Basic

Orange Book patent data (new drug applications)

None

Orange Book exclusivity data (new drug applications)

None

Bioactivity Summary:

Target	Class	Pharos	UniProt	Action	Type	Activity value (-log[M])	Bioact source	MoA source
Alkaline phosphatase, tissue-nonspecific isozyme	Enzyme	P05186	PPBT_HUMAN		Ki	4.80	CHEMBL
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor alpha subunit	Ion channel		O96760_ASCSU	AGONIST			CHEMBL	CHEMBL
Acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-type unc-63	Ion channel		ACH6_CAEEL				WOMBAT-PK
Membrane-associated progesterone receptor component 1	Membrane receptor		PGRC1_RAT		Ki	5.57	DRUG MATRIX
Alkaline phosphatase, tissue-nonspecific isozyme	Unclassified		PPBT_BOVIN		IC50	4.72	CHEMBL

External reference:

ID	Source
D00750	KEGG_DRUG
16595-80-5	SECONDARY_CAS_RN
4019531	VANDF
C0023556	UMLSCUI
CHEBI:6432	CHEBI
CHEMBL1454	ChEMBL_ID
CHEMBL1770	ChEMBL_ID
CHEMBL277775	ChEMBL_ID
CHEMBL554891	ChEMBL_ID
D007978	MESH_DESCRIPTOR_UI
D013773	MESH_DESCRIPTOR_UI
DB00848	DRUGBANK_ID
7210	IUPHAR_LIGAND_ID
2643	INN_ID
1973	INN_ID
2880D3468G	UNII
26879	PUBCHEM_CID
227227	RXNORM
4967	MMSL
d00276	MMSL
003546	NDDF
004809	NDDF
387296006	SNOMEDCT_US
54391004	SNOMEDCT_US
81365005	SNOMEDCT_US

Pharmaceutical products:

None