ADVERSE REACTIONS SECTION.

6 ADVERSE REACTIONS. Prophylaxis of Gout Flares The most commonly reported adverse reaction in clinical trials of colchicine for the prophylaxis of gout was diarrhea.Treatment of Gout Flares The most common adverse reactions reported in the clinical trial with colchicine for treatment of gout flares were diarrhea (23%) and pharyngolaryngeal pain (3%).FMFGastrointestinal tract adverse effects are the most frequent side effects in patients initiating colchicine tablets, usually presenting within 24 hours, and occurring in up to 20% of patients given therapeutic doses. Typical symptoms include cramping, nausea, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and vomiting. These events should be viewed as dose-limiting if severe, as they can herald the onset of more significant toxicity.. Prophylaxis of Gout Flares: The most commonly reported adverse reaction in clinical trials for the prophylaxis of gout was diarrhea. Treatment of Gout Flares: The most common adverse reactions reported in the clinical trial for gout were diarrhea (23%) and pharyngolaryngeal pain (3%). FMF: Most common adverse reactions (up to 20%) are abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea and vomiting. These effects are usually mild, transient and reversible upon lowering the dose (6). To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Avet Pharmaceuticals Inc. at 1-866-901-DRUG (3784) or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch.. 6.1 Clinical Trials Experience in Gout. Because clinical studies are conducted under widely varying and controlled conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in clinical studies of drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical studies of another drug and may not predict the rates observed in broader patient population in clinical practice. In randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in patients with gout flare, gastrointestinal adverse reactions occurred in 26% of patients using the recommended dose (1.8 mg over one hour) of colchicine compared to 77% of patients taking nonrecommended high dose (4.8 mg over six hours) of colchicine and 20% of patients taking placebo. Diarrhea was the most commonly reported drug-related gastrointestinal adverse event. As shown in Table 3, diarrhea is associated with colchicine treatment. Diarrhea was more likely to occur in patients taking the high-dose regimen than the low-dose regimen. Severe diarrhea occurred in 19% and vomiting occurred in 17% of patients taking the nonrecommended high-dose colchicine regimen but did not occur in the recommended low-dose colchicine regimen. Table 3. Number (%) of Patients with at Least One Drug-Related Treatment-Emergent Adverse Event with an Incidence of >= 2% of Patients in Any Treatment Group MedDRA System Organ Class MedDRA Preferred Term Colchicine Dose Placebo (N=59) (%) High (N=52) (%) Low (N=74) (%) Number of Patients with at Least One Drug-Related TEAE 40 (77) 27 (37) 16 (27) Gastrointestinal Disorders 40 (77) 19 (26) 12 (20) Diarrhea 40 (77) 17 (23) (14) Nausea (17) (4) (5) Vomiting (17) 0 Abdominal Discomfort 0 (3) General Disorders and Administration Site Conditions (8) (1) (2) Fatigue (4) (1) (2) Metabolic and Nutrition Disorders 3 (4) (3) Gout 3 (4) (2) Nervous System Disorders (2) (1.4) (3) Headache (2) (1) (3) Respiratory Thoracic Mediastinal Disorders (2) (3) Pharyngolaryngeal Pain (2) (3) . 6.2 Postmarketing Experience. Serious toxic manifestations associated with colchicine include myelosuppression, disseminated intravascular coagulation and injury to cells in the renal, hepatic, circulatory and central nervous systems. These most often occur with excessive accumulation or overdosage see Overdosage (10)]. The following adverse reactions have been identified with colchicine. These have been generally reversible upon temporarily interrupting treatment or lowering the dose of colchicine. Because these reactions are reported voluntarily from population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish causal relationship to drug exposure.Neurological: sensory motor neuropathy Dermatological: alopecia, maculopapular rash, purpura, rash Digestive: abdominal cramping, abdominal pain, diarrhea, lactose intolerance, nausea, vomiting Hematological: leukopenia, granulocytopenia, thrombocytopenia, pancytopenia, aplastic anemia Hepatobiliary: elevated AST, elevated ALT Musculoskeletal: myopathy, elevated CPK, myotonia, muscle weakness, muscle pain, rhabdomyolysis Reproductive: azoospermia, oligospermia.

CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY SECTION.

12 CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY. 12.1 Mechanism of Action. The mechanism by which colchicine tablets exerts its beneficial effect in patients with FMF has not been fully elucidated; however, evidence suggests that colchicine may interfere with the intracellular assembly of the inflammasome complex present in neutrophils and monocytes that mediates activation of interleukin-1. Additionally, colchicine disrupts cytoskeletal functions through inhibition of -tubulin polymerization into microtubules, and consequently prevents the activation, degranulation, and migration of neutrophils thought to mediate some gout symptoms.. 12.3 Pharmacokinetics. Absorption In healthy adults, colchicine tablets is absorbed when given orally, reaching mean Cmax of 2.5 ng/mL (range 1.1 to 4.4 ng/mL) in one to two hours (range 0.5 to hours) after single dose administered under fasting conditions. Following oral administration of colchicine tablets given as 1.8 mg colchicine over one hour to healthy, young adults under fasting conditions, colchicine appears to be readily absorbed, reaching mean maximum plasma concentrations of 6.2 ng/mL at median 1.81 hours (range: 1.0 to 2.5 hours). Following administration of the nonrecommended high-dose regimen (4.8 mg over six hours), mean maximal plasma concentrations were 6.8 ng/mL, at median 4.47 hours (range: 3.1 to 7.5 hours). After ten days on regimen of 0.6 mg twice daily, peak concentrations are 3.1 to 3.6 ng/mL (range 1.6 to 6.0 ng/mL), occurring 1.3 to 1.4 hours postdose (range 0.5 to 3.0 hours). Mean pharmacokinetic parameter values in healthy adults are shown in Table 5. Table 5. Mean (%CV) Pharmacokinetic Parameters in Healthy Adults Given Colchicine Tablets Cmax (Colchicine ng/mL) Tmax (h) Vd/F (L) CL/F (L/hr) t1/2 (h) Colchicine Tablets 0.6 mg Single Dose (N=13) 2.5 (28.7) 1.5 (1.0 3.0) 341.5 (54.4) 54.1 (31.0) -- Colchicine Tablets 0.6 mg Twice Daily 10 Days (N=13) 3.6 (23.7) 1.3 (0.5 3.0) 1150 (18.7) 30.3 (19.0) 26.6 (16.3) Tmax mean (range) CL Dose/AUC0-t (calculated from mean values) Vd CL/Ke (calculated from mean values) In some subjects, secondary colchicine peaks are seen, occurring between three and 36 hours postdose and ranging from 39 to 155% of the height of the initial peak. These observations are attributed to intestinal secretion and reabsorption and/or biliary recirculation. Absolute bioavailability is reported to be approximately 45%. Administration of colchicine tablets with food has no effect on the rate of colchicine absorption but does decrease the extent of colchicine by approximately 15%. This is without clinical significance.Distribution The mean apparent volume of distribution in healthy young volunteers is approximately to L/kg. Colchicine binding to serum protein is low, 39 +- 5%, primarily to albumin regardless of concentration. Colchicine crosses the placenta (plasma levels in the fetus are reported to be approximately 15% of the maternal concentration). Colchicine also distributes into breast milk at concentrations similar to those found in the maternal serum. [see Use in Specific Populations (8.1, 8.2)].Metabolism Colchicine is demethylated to two primary metabolites, 2-O-demethylcolchicine and 3-O-demethylcolchicine (2- and 3-DMC, respectively) and one minor metabolite, 10-O-demethylcolchicine (also known as colchiceine). In vitro studies using human liver microsomes have shown that CYP3A4 is involved in the metabolism of colchicine to 2- and 3-DMC. Plasma levels of these metabolites are minimal (less than 5% of parent drug).Elimination/Excretion In healthy volunteers (n=12), 40 to 65% of mg orally administered colchicine was recovered unchanged in urine. Enterohepatic recirculation and biliary excretion are also postulated to play role in colchicine elimination. Following multiple oral doses (0.6 mg twice daily), the mean elimination half-lives in young healthy volunteers (mean age 25 to 28 years of age) is 26.6 to 31.2 hours. Colchicine is substrate of P-gp.Extracorporeal EliminationColchicine is not removed by hemodialysis.Special PopulationsThere is no difference between men and women in the pharmacokinetic disposition of colchicine.Pediatric Patients Pharmacokinetics of colchicine was not evaluated in pediatric patients.ElderlyA published report described the pharmacokinetics of mg oral colchicine tablet in four elderly women compared to six young healthy males. The mean age of the four elderly women was 83 years (range 75 to 93), mean weight was 47 kg (38 to 61 kg) and mean creatinine clearance was 46 mL/min (range 25 to 75 mL/min). Mean peak plasma levels and AUC of colchicine were two times higher in elderly subjects compared to young healthy males. pharmacokinetic study using single oral dose of one 0.6 mg colchicine tablet was conducted in young healthy subjects (n=20) between the ages of 18 and 30 years and elderly subjects (n=18) between the ages of 60 and 70 years. Elderly subjects in this study had median age of 62 years and mean (+-SD) age of 62.83 +- 2.83 years. statistically significant difference in creatinine clearance (mean +- SD) was found between the two age groups (132.56 +- 23.16 mL/min for young vs. 87.02 +- 17.92 mL/min for elderly subjects, respectively). The following pharmacokinetic parameter values (mean +- SD) were observed for colchicine in the young and elderly subjects, respectively: AUC0-inf (ng/hr/mL) 22.39 +- 6.95 and 25.01 +- 6.92; Cmax (ng/mL) 2.61 +- 0.71 and 2.56 +- 0.97; Tmax (hr) 1.38 +- 0.42 and 1.25 +- 0.43; apparent elimination half-life (hr) 24.92 +- 5.34 and 30.06 +- 10.78; and clearance (mL/min) 0.0321 +- 0.0091 and 0.0292 +- 0.0071. Clinical studies with colchicine for prophylaxis and treatment of gout flares and for treatment of FMF did not include sufficient numbers of patients aged 65 years and older to determine whether they respond differently than younger patients. In general, dose selection for an elderly patient with gout should be cautious, reflecting the greater frequency of decreased renal function, concomitant disease or other drug therapy [see Dosage and Administration (2.4), Use in Specific Populations (8.5)].Renal ImpairmentPharmacokinetics of colchicine in patients with mild and moderate renal impairment is not known. published report described the disposition of colchicine (1 mg) in young adult men and women with FMF who had normal renal function or end-stage renal disease requiring dialysis. Patients with end-stage renal disease had 75% lower colchicine clearance (0.17 vs 0.73 L/hr/kg) and prolonged plasma elimination half-life (18.8 vs 4.4 hours) as compared to subjects with FMF and normal renal function [See Dosage and Administration (2.5), Use in Specific Populations (8.6)].Hepatic Impairment Published reports on the pharmacokinetics of IV colchicine in patients with severe chronic liver disease, as well as those with alcoholic or primary biliary cirrhosis, and normal renal function suggest wide interpatient variability. In some subjects with mild to moderate cirrhosis, the clearance of colchicine is significantly reduced and plasma half-life prolonged compared to healthy subjects. In subjects with primary biliary cirrhosis, no consistent trends were noted [see Dosage and Administration (2.6), Use in Specific Populations (8.7)]. No pharmacokinetic data are available for patients with severe hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh C).Drug InteractionsIn Vitro Drug Interactions In vitro studies in human liver microsomes have shown that colchicine is not an inhibitor or inducer of CYP1A2, CYP2A6, CYP2B6, CYP2C8, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6, CYP2E1, or CYP3A4 activity. In Vivo Drug Interactions The effects of coadministration of other drugs with colchicine tablets on Cmax, AUC, and Cmin are summarized in Table (effect of other drugs on colchicine) and Table (effect of colchicine on other drugs). For information regarding clinical recommendations, see Table in Dose Modification for Coadministration of Interacting Drugs [see Dosage and Administration (2.4)]. Table 6. Drug Interactions: Pharmacokinetic Parameters for Colchicine Tablets in the Presence of the Coadministered Drug Coadministered Drug Dose of Coadministered Drug (mg) Dose of colchicine tablets (mg) % Change in Colchicine Concentrations from Baseline (Range: Min Max) Cmax AUC0-t Cyclosporine 100 mg single dose 0.6 mg single dose 23 270.0 (62.0 to 606.9) 259.0 (75.8 to 511.9) Clarithromycin 250 mg twice daily, days 0.6 mg single dose 23 227.2 (65.7 to 591.1) 281.5 (88.7 to 851.6) Ketoconazole 200 mg twice daily, days 0.6 mg single dose 24 101.7 (19.6 to 219.0) 212.2 (76.7 to 419.6) Ritonavir 100 mg twice daily, days 0.6 mg single dose 18 184.4 (79.2 to 447.4) 296.0 (53.8 to 924.4) Verapamil 240 mg daily, days 0.6 mg single dose 24 40.1 (-47.1 to 149.5) 103.3 (-9.8 to 217.2) Diltiazem 240 mg daily, days 0.6 mg single dose 20 44.2 (-46.0 to 318.3) 93.4 (-30.2 to 338.6) Azithromycin 500 mg 1 day, then 250 mg 4 days 0.6 mg single dose 21 21.6 (-41.7 to 222.0) 57.1 (-24.3 to 241.1) Grapefruit juice 240 mL twice daily, days 0.6 mg single dose 21 -2.55 (-53.4 to 55.0) -2.36 (-46.4 to 62.2) Estrogen-containing oral contraceptives: In healthy female volunteers given ethinyl estradiol and norethindrone (Ortho-Novum 1/35) coadministered with colchicine tablets (0.6 mg twice daily 14 days), hormone concentrations are not affected. In healthy volunteers given theophylline coadministered with colchicine tablets (0.6 mg twice daily 14 days), theophylline concentrations were not affected. Table 7. Drug Interactions: Pharmacokinetic Parameters for Coadministration of Drug in the Presence of Colchicine TabletsConducted in healthy adult females+AUC Coadministered Drug Dose of Coadministered Drug (mg) Dose of Colchicine tablets (mg) % Change in Coadministered Drug Concentrations from Baseline (Range: Min Max) Cmax AUC0-t Theophylline 300 mg (elixir) single dose 0.6 mg twice daily 14 days 27 1.6 (-30.4 to 23.1) 1.6 (-28.5 to 27.1) Ethinyl Estradiol (Ortho-Novum 1/35) 21-day cycle (active treatment) 7-day placebo 0.6 mg twice daily 14 days 27 -6.7 (-40.3 to 44.7) -3.0+ (-25.3 to 24.9) Norethindrone (Ortho-Novum 1/35) 0.94 (-37.3 to 59.4) -1.6+ (-32.0 to 33.7).

CLINICAL STUDIES SECTION.

14 CLINICAL STUDIES. The evidence for the efficacy of colchicine in patients with chronic gout is derived from the published literature. Two randomized clinical trials assessed the efficacy of colchicine 0.6 mg twice day for the prophylaxis of gout flares in patients with gout initiating treatment with urate-lowering therapy. In both trials, treatment with colchicine decreased the frequency of gout flares. The efficacy of low-dosage regimen of oral colchicine (Colchicine tablets total dose 1.8 mg over one hour) for treatment of gout flares was assessed in multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel group, one-week, dose-comparison study. Patients meeting American College of Rheumatology criteria for gout were randomly assigned to three groups: high-dose colchicine (1.2 mg, then 0.6 mg hourly 6 hours [4.8 mg total]); low-dose colchicine (1.2 mg, then 0.6 mg in one hour [1.8 mg total] followed by five placebo doses hourly); or placebo (two capsules, then one capsule hourly six hours). Patients took the first dose within 12 hours of the onset of the flare and recorded pain intensity (11-point Likert scale) and adverse events over 72 hours. The efficacy of colchicine was measured based on response to treatment in the target joint, using patient self-assessment of pain at 24 hours following the time of first dose as recorded in the diary. responder was one who achieved at least 50% reduction in pain score at the 24-hour postdose assessment relative to the pretreatment score and did not use rescue medication prior to the actual time of 24-hour postdose assessment. Rates of response were similar for the recommended low-dose treatment group (38%) and the nonrecommended high-dose group (33%) but were higher as compared to the placebo group (16%) as shown in Table 8. Table 8. Number (%) of Responders Based on Target Joint Pain Score at 24 Hours Post First Dose Colchicine Dose Responders (%) Placebo (%) (n=58) Differences in Proportion Low-Dose (n=74) High-Dose (n=52) Low-Dose vs Placebo (95% CI) High-Dose vs Placebo (95% CI) 28 (38%) 17 (33%) (16%) 22 (8, 37) 17 (1, 33) Figure shows the percentage of patients achieving varying degrees of improvement in pain from baseline at 24 hours. Figure Pain Relief on Low and High Doses of Colchicine and Placebo (Cumulative)The evidence for the efficacy of colchicine in patients with FMF is derived from the published literature. Three randomized, placebo-controlled studies were identified. The three placebo-controlled studies randomized total of 48 adult patients diagnosed with FMF and reported similar efficacy endpoints as well as inclusion and exclusion criteria. One of the studies randomized 15 patients with FMF to six month crossover study during which five patients discontinued due to study noncompliance. The ten patients completing the study experienced five attacks over the course of 90 days while treated with colchicine compared to 59 attacks over the course of 90 days while treated with placebo. Similarly, the second study randomized 22 patients with FMF to four-month crossover study during which nine patients discontinued due to lack of efficacy while receiving placebo or study noncompliance. The 13 patients completing the study experienced 18 attacks over the course of 60 days while treated with colchicine compared to 68 attacks over the course of 60 days while treated with placebo. The third study was discontinued after an interim analysis of six of the 11 patients enrolled had completed the study; results could not be confirmed. Open-label experience with colchicine in adults and children with FMF is consistent with the randomized, controlled trial experience and was utilized to support information on the safety profile of colchicine and for dosing recommendations.. graph.

DOSAGE & ADMINISTRATION SECTION.

2 DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION. The long-term use of colchicine is established for FMF and the prophylaxis of gout flares, but the safety and efficacy of repeat treatment for gout flares has not been evaluated. The dosing regimens for colchicine tablets are different for each indication and must be individualized. The recommended dosage of Colchicine tablets depends on the patients age, renal function, hepatic function and use of coadministered drugs [see Dosage and Administration (2.4, 2.5, 2.6)].Colchicine tablets are administered orally without regard to meals. Colchicine tablets is not an analgesic medication and should not be used to treat pain from other causes.. Gout Flares:Prophylaxis of Gout Flares: 0.6 mg once or twice daily in adults and adolescents older than 16 years of age (2.1). Maximum dose 1.2 mg/day. Treatment of Gout Flares: 1.2 mg (two tablets) at the first sign of gout flare followed by 0.6 mg (one tablet) one hour later (2.1). FMF: Adults and children older than 12 years 1.2 2.4 mg; children to 12 years 0.9 1.8 mg; children to years 0.3 1.8 mg. (2.2, 2.3).Give total daily dose in one or two divided doses (2.2).Increase or decrease the dose as indicated and as tolerated in increments of 0.3 mg/day, not to exceed the maximum recommended daily dose (2.2).Colchicine tablets are administered orally without regard to meals.See full prescribing information (FPI) for dose adjustment regarding patients with impaired renal function (2.5), impaired hepatic function (2.6), the patients age (2.3, 8.5) or use of coadministered drugs (2.4).. Gout Flares:. FMF: Adults and children older than 12 years 1.2 2.4 mg; children to 12 years 0.9 1.8 mg; children to years 0.3 1.8 mg. (2.2, 2.3).. Give total daily dose in one or two divided doses (2.2).. Increase or decrease the dose as indicated and as tolerated in increments of 0.3 mg/day, not to exceed the maximum recommended daily dose (2.2).. Colchicine tablets are administered orally without regard to meals.. See full prescribing information (FPI) for dose adjustment regarding patients with impaired renal function (2.5), impaired hepatic function (2.6), the patients age (2.3, 8.5) or use of coadministered drugs (2.4).. 2.1 Gout Flares. Prophylaxis of Gout FlaresThe recommended dosage of colchicine tablets for prophylaxis of gout flares for adults and adolescents older than 16 years of age is 0.6 mg once or twice daily. The maximum recommended dose for prophylaxis of gout flares is 1.2 mg/day. An increase in gout flares may occur after initiation of uric acid-lowering therapy, including pegloticase, febuxostat and allopurinol, due to changing serum uric acid levels resulting in mobilization of urate from tissue deposits. Colchicine tablets is recommended upon initiation of gout flare prophylaxis with uric acid-lowering therapy. Prophylactic therapy may be beneficial for at least the first six months of uric acid-lowering therapy.Treatment of Gout FlaresThe recommended dose of colchicine tablets for treatment of gout flare is 1.2 mg (two tablets) at the first sign of the flare followed by 0.6 mg (one tablet) one hour later. Higher doses have not been found to be more effective. The maximum recommended dose for treatment of gout flares is 1.8 mg over 1-hour period. Colchicine tablets may be administered for treatment of gout flare during prophylaxis at doses not to exceed 1.2 mg (two tablets) at the first sign of the flare followed by 0.6 mg (one tablet) one hour later. Wait 12 hours and then resume the prophylactic dose.. 2.2 FMF. The recommended dosage of Colchicine tablets for FMF in adults is 1.2 mg to 2.4 mg daily. Colchicine tablets should be increased as needed to control disease and as tolerated in increments of 0.3 mg/day to maximum recommended daily dose. If intolerable side effects develop, the dose should be decreased in increments of 0.3 mg/day. The total daily Colchicine tablets dose may be administered in one to two divided doses.. 2.3 Recommended Pediatric Dosage. Prophylaxis and Treatment of Gout FlaresColchicine tablets is not recommended for pediatric use in prophylaxis or treatment of gout flares.FMFThe recommended dosage of Colchicine tablets for FMF in pediatric patients years of age and older is based on age. The following daily doses may be given as single or divided dose twice daily:Children to years: 0.3 mg to 1.8 mg dailyChildren to 12 years: 0.9 mg to 1.8 mg dailyAdolescents older than 12 years: 1.2 mg to 2.4 mg daily. Children to years: 0.3 mg to 1.8 mg daily. Children to 12 years: 0.9 mg to 1.8 mg daily. Adolescents older than 12 years: 1.2 mg to 2.4 mg daily. 2.4 Dose Modification for Coadministration of Interacting Drugs. Concomitant Therapy Coadministration of Colchicine tablets with drugs known to inhibit CYP3A4 and/or P-glycoprotein (P-gp) increases the risk of colchicine-induced toxic effects (Table 1). If patients are taking or have recently completed treatment with drugs listed in Table within the prior 14 days, the dose adjustments are as shown in the table below [see Drug Interactions (7)]. Table 1: Colchicine tablets Dose Adjustment for Co-administration with Interacting Drugs if no Alternative Available For magnitude of effect on colchicine plasma concentrations [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)]+ When used in combination with Ritonavir, see dosing recommendations for strong CYP3A4 inhibitors [see Contraindications (4)] Patients with renal or hepatic impairment should not be given colchicine tablets in conjunction with strong CYP3A4 or P-gp inhibitors [see Contraindications (4)] Strong CYP3A4 Inhibitors+ Drug Noted or Anticipated Outcome Gout Flares FMF Prophylaxis of Gout Flares Treatment of Gout Flares Original Intended Dosage Adjusted Dose Original Intended Dosage Adjusted Dose Original Intended Dosage Adjusted Dose Atazanavir Clarithromycin Darunavir/ Ritonavir+ Indinavir Itraconazole Ketoconazole Lopinavir/ Ritonavir+ Nefazodone Nelfinavir Ritonavir Saquinavir Telithromycin Tipranavir/ Ritonavir+ Significant increase in colchicine plasma levels; fatal colchicine toxicity has been reported with clarithromycin, strong CYP3A4 inhibitor. Similarly, significant increase in colchicine plasma levels is anticipated with other strong CYP3A4 inhibitors. 0.6 mg twice day 0.3 mg once day 1.2 mg (2 tablets) followed by 0.6 mg (1 tablet) hour later. Dose to be repeated no earlier than days. 0.6 mg (1 tablet) 1 dose, followed by 0.3 mg (1/2 tablet) hour later. Dose to be repeated no earlier than days. Maximum daily dose of 1.2 2.4 mg Maximum daily dose of 0.6 mg (may be given as 0.3 mg twice day) 0.6 mg once day 0.3 mg once every other day Moderate CYP3A4 Inhibitors Drug Noted or Anticipated Outcome Gout Flares FMF Prophylaxis of Gout Flares Treatment of Gout Flares Original Intended Dosage Adjusted Dose Original Intended Dosage Adjusted Dose Original Intended Dosage Adjusted Dose Amprenavir+ Aprepitant Diltiazem Erythromycin Fluconazole Fosamprenavir+ (pro-drug of Amprenavir) Grapefruit juice Verapamil Significant increase in colchicine plasma concentration is anticipated. Neuromuscular toxicity has been reported with diltiazem and verapamil interactions. 0.6 mg twice day 0.3 mg twice day or 0.6 mg once day 1.2 mg (2 tablets) followed by 0.6 mg (1 tablet) hour later. Dose to be repeated no earlier than days. 1.2 mg (2 tablets) 1 dose. Dose to be repeated no earlier than days. Maximum daily dose of 1.2 2.4 mg. Maximum daily dose of 1.2 mg (may be given as 0.6 mg twice day) 0.6 mg once day 0.3 mg once day P-gp Inhibitors Drug Noted or Anticipated Outcome Gout Flares FMF Prophylaxis of Gout Flares Treatment of Gout Flares Original Intended Dosage Adjusted Dose Original Intended Dosage Adjusted Dose Original Intended Dosage Adjusted Dose Cyclosporine Ranolazine Significant increase in colchicine plasma levels; fatal colchicine toxicity has been reported with cyclosporine, P-gp inhibitor. Similarly, significant increase in colchicine plasma levels is anticipated with other P-gp inhibitors 0.6 mg twice day 0.3 mg once day 1.2 mg (2 tablets) Followed by 0.6 mg (1 tablet) hour later. Dose to be repeated no earlier than days. 0.6 mg (1 tablet) 1 dose. Dose to be repeated no earlier than days. Maximum daily dose of 1.2 2.4 mg Maximum daily dose of 0.6 mg (may be given as 0.3 mg twice day) 0.6 mg once day 0.3 mg once every other day Table 2. Colchicine Dose Adjustment for Coadministration with Protease Inhibitors Protease Inhibitor Clinical Comment w/Colchicine Prophylaxis of Gout Flares w/Colchicine Treatment of Gout Flares w/Colchicine Treatment of FMF Atazanavir sulfate. (Reyataz) Patients with renal or hepatic impairment should not be given colchicine with Reyataz. Original dose Adjusted dose 0.6 mg (1 tablet) 1 dose, followed by 0.3 mg (1/2 tablet) hour later. Dose to be repeated no earlier than days. Maximum daily dose of 0.6 mg (may be given as 0.3 mg twice day) 0.6 mg twice day 0.6 mg once day 0.3 mg once day 0.3 mg once every other day Darunavir (Prezista) Patients with renal or hepatic impairment should not be given colchicine with Prezista/ritonavir. Original dose Adjusted dose 0.6 mg (1 tablet) 1 dose, followed by 0.3 mg (1/2 tablet) hour later. Dose to be repeated no earlier than days. Maximum daily dose of 0.6 mg (may be given as 0.3 mg twice day) 0.6 mg twice day 0.6 mg once day 0.3 mg once day 0.3 mg once every other day Fosamprenavir (Lexiva) with Ritonavir Patients with renal or hepatic impairment should not be given colchicine with Lexiva/ritonavir. Original dose Adjusted dose 0.6 mg (1 tablet) 1 dose, followed by 0.3 mg (1/2 tablet) hour later. Dose to be repeated no earlier than days. Maximum daily dose of 0.6 mg (may be given as 0.3 mg twice day) 0.6 mg twice day 0.6 mg once day 0.3 mg once day 0.3 mg once every other day Fosamprenavir (Lexiva) Patients with renal or hepatic impairment should not be given colchicine with Lexiva/ritonavir. Original dose Adjusted dose 1.2 mg (2 tablets) 1 dose. Dose to be repeated no earlier than days. Maximum daily dose of 1.2 mg (may be given as 0.6 mg twice day) 0.6 mg twice day 0.6 mg once day 0.3 mg twice day or 0.6 mg once day 0.3 mg once day Indinavir (Crixivan) Patients with renal or hepatic impairment should not be given colchicine with Crixivan. Original dose Adjusted dose 0.6 mg (1 tablet) 1 dose, followed by 0.3 mg (1/2 tablet) hour later. Dose to be repeated no earlier than days. Maximum daily dose of 0.6 mg (may be given as 0.3 mg twice day) 0.6 mg twice day 0.6 mg once day 0.3 mg once day 0.3 mg once every other day Lopinavir/Ritonavir (Kaletra) Patients with renal or hepatic impairment should not be given colchicine with Kaletra. Original dose Adjusted dose 0.6 mg (1 tablet) 1 dose, followed by 0.3 mg (1/2 tablet) hour later. Dose to be repeated no earlier than days. Maximum daily dose of 0.6 mg (may be given as 0.3 mg twice day) 0.6 mg twice day 0.6 mg once day 0.3 mg once day 0.3 mg once every other day Nelfinavir mesylate (Viracept) Patients with renal or hepatic impairment should not be given colchicine with Viracept. Original dose Adjusted dose 0.6 mg (1 tablet) 1 dose, followed by 0.3 mg (1/2 tablet) hour later. Dose to be repeated no earlier than days. Maximum daily dose of 0.6 mg (may be given as 0.3 mg twice day) 0.6 mg twice day 0.6 mg once day 0.3 mg once day 0.3 mg once every other day Ritonavir (Norvir) Patients with renal or hepatic impairment should not be given colchicine with Norvir. Original dose Adjusted dose 0.6 mg (1 tablet) 1 dose, followed by 0.3 mg (1/2 tablet) hour later. Dose to be repeated no earlier than days. Maximum daily dose of 0.6 mg (may be given as 0.3 mg twice day) 0.6 mg twice day 0.6 mg once day 0.3 mg once day 0.3 mg once every other day Saquinavir mesylate (Invirase) Patients with renal or hepatic impairment should not be given colchicine with Invirase/ritonavir. Original dose Adjusted dose 0.6 mg (1 tablet) 1 dose, followed by 0.3 mg (1/2 tablet) hour later. Dose to be repeated no earlier than days. Maximum daily dose of 0.6 mg (may be given as 0.3 mg twice day) 0.6 mg twice day 0.6 mg once day 0.3 mg once day 0.3 mg once every other day Tipranavir (Aptivus) Patients with renal or hepatic impairment should not be given colchicine with Aptivus/ritonavir. Original dose Adjusted dose 0.6 mg (1 tablet) 1 dose, followed by 0.3 mg (1/2 tablet) hour later. Dose to be repeated no earlier than days. Maximum daily dose of 0.6 mg (may be given as 0.3 mg twice day) 0.6 mg twice day 0.6 mg once day 0.3 mg once day 0.3 mg once every other day Treatment of gout flares with colchicine tablets is not recommended in patients receiving prophylactic dose of Colchicine and CYP3A4 inhibitors.. 2.5 Dose Modification in Renal Impairment. Colchicine dosing must be individualized according to the patients renal function [see Use in Specific Populations (8.6)]. Clcr in mL/minute may be estimated from serum creatinine (mg/dL) determination using the following formula: [140-age (years) weight (kg)] Clcr -------------------------------------------- 72 serum creatinine (mg/dL) 0.85 for female patients Gout FlaresProphylaxis of Gout FlaresFor prophylaxis of gout flares in patients with mild (estimated creatinine clearance [Clcr] 50 to 80 mL/min) to moderate (Clcr 30 to 50 mL/min) renal function impairment, adjustment of the recommended dose is not required, but patients should be monitored closely for adverse effects of colchicine. However, in patients with severe impairment, the starting dose should be 0.3 mg/day and any increase in dose should be done with close monitoring. For the prophylaxis of gout flares in patients undergoing dialysis, the starting doses should be 0.3 mg given twice week with close monitoring [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3), Use in Specific Populations (8.6)]. Treatment of Gout FlaresFor treatment of gout flares in patients with mild (Clcr 50 to 80 mL/min) to moderate (Clcr 30 to 50mL/min) renal function impairment, adjustment of the recommended dose is not required, but patients should be monitored closely for adverse effects of colchicine. However, in patients with severe impairment, while the dose does not need to be adjusted for the treatment of gout flares, treatment course should be repeated no more than once every two weeks. For patients with gout flares requiring repeated courses, consideration should be given to alternate therapy. For patients undergoing dialysis, the total recommended dose for the treatment of gout flares should be reduced to single dose of 0.6 mg (one tablet). For these patients, the treatment course should not be repeated more than once every two weeks [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3), Use in Specific Populations (8.6)]. Treatment of gout flares with Colchicine tablets is not recommended in patients with renal impairment who are receiving Colchicine tablets for prophylaxis.FMFCaution should be taken in dosing patients with moderate and severe renal impairment and in patients undergoing dialysis. For these patients, the dosage should be reduced [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)]. Patients with mild (Clcr 50 to 80 mL/min) and moderate (Clcr 30 to 50 mL/min) renal impairment should be monitored closely for adverse effects of colchicine tablets. Dose reduction may be necessary. For patients with severe renal failure (Clcr less than 30 mL/min), start with 0.3 mg/day; any increase in dose should be done with adequate monitoring of the patient for adverse effects of colchicine [see Use in Specific Populations (8.6)]. For patients undergoing dialysis, the total recommended starting dose should be 0.3 mg (half tablet) per day. Dosing can be increased with close monitoring. Any increase in dose should be done with adequate monitoring of the patient for adverse effects of colchicine [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3), Use in Specific Populations (8.6)]. 2.6 Dose Modification in Hepatic Impairment. Gout FlaresProphylaxis of Gout FlaresFor prophylaxis of gout flares in patients with mild to moderate hepatic function impairment, adjustment of the recommended dose is not required, but patients should be monitored closely for adverse effects of colchicine. Dose reduction should be considered for the prophylaxis of gout flares in patients with severe hepatic impairment [see Use in Specific Populations (8.7)].Treatment of Gout FlaresFor treatment of gout flares in patients with mild to moderate hepatic function impairment, adjustment of the recommended dose is not required, but patients should be monitored closely for adverse effects of colchicine. However, for the treatment of gout flares in patients with severe impairment, while the dose does not need to be adjusted, treatment course should be repeated no more than once every two weeks. For these patients, requiring repeated courses for the treatment of gout flares, consideration should be given to alternate therapy [see Use in Specific Populations (8.7)]. Treatment of gout flares with Colchicine is not recommended in patients with hepatic impairment who are receiving Colchicine for prophylaxis.FMFPatients with mild to moderate hepatic impairment should be monitored closely for adverse effects of colchicine. Dose reduction should be considered in patients with severe hepatic impairment [see Use in Specific Populations (8.7)].

PHARMACOKINETICS SECTION.

12.3 Pharmacokinetics. Absorption In healthy adults, colchicine tablets is absorbed when given orally, reaching mean Cmax of 2.5 ng/mL (range 1.1 to 4.4 ng/mL) in one to two hours (range 0.5 to hours) after single dose administered under fasting conditions. Following oral administration of colchicine tablets given as 1.8 mg colchicine over one hour to healthy, young adults under fasting conditions, colchicine appears to be readily absorbed, reaching mean maximum plasma concentrations of 6.2 ng/mL at median 1.81 hours (range: 1.0 to 2.5 hours). Following administration of the nonrecommended high-dose regimen (4.8 mg over six hours), mean maximal plasma concentrations were 6.8 ng/mL, at median 4.47 hours (range: 3.1 to 7.5 hours). After ten days on regimen of 0.6 mg twice daily, peak concentrations are 3.1 to 3.6 ng/mL (range 1.6 to 6.0 ng/mL), occurring 1.3 to 1.4 hours postdose (range 0.5 to 3.0 hours). Mean pharmacokinetic parameter values in healthy adults are shown in Table 5. Table 5. Mean (%CV) Pharmacokinetic Parameters in Healthy Adults Given Colchicine Tablets Cmax (Colchicine ng/mL) Tmax (h) Vd/F (L) CL/F (L/hr) t1/2 (h) Colchicine Tablets 0.6 mg Single Dose (N=13) 2.5 (28.7) 1.5 (1.0 3.0) 341.5 (54.4) 54.1 (31.0) -- Colchicine Tablets 0.6 mg Twice Daily 10 Days (N=13) 3.6 (23.7) 1.3 (0.5 3.0) 1150 (18.7) 30.3 (19.0) 26.6 (16.3) Tmax mean (range) CL Dose/AUC0-t (calculated from mean values) Vd CL/Ke (calculated from mean values) In some subjects, secondary colchicine peaks are seen, occurring between three and 36 hours postdose and ranging from 39 to 155% of the height of the initial peak. These observations are attributed to intestinal secretion and reabsorption and/or biliary recirculation. Absolute bioavailability is reported to be approximately 45%. Administration of colchicine tablets with food has no effect on the rate of colchicine absorption but does decrease the extent of colchicine by approximately 15%. This is without clinical significance.Distribution The mean apparent volume of distribution in healthy young volunteers is approximately to L/kg. Colchicine binding to serum protein is low, 39 +- 5%, primarily to albumin regardless of concentration. Colchicine crosses the placenta (plasma levels in the fetus are reported to be approximately 15% of the maternal concentration). Colchicine also distributes into breast milk at concentrations similar to those found in the maternal serum. [see Use in Specific Populations (8.1, 8.2)].Metabolism Colchicine is demethylated to two primary metabolites, 2-O-demethylcolchicine and 3-O-demethylcolchicine (2- and 3-DMC, respectively) and one minor metabolite, 10-O-demethylcolchicine (also known as colchiceine). In vitro studies using human liver microsomes have shown that CYP3A4 is involved in the metabolism of colchicine to 2- and 3-DMC. Plasma levels of these metabolites are minimal (less than 5% of parent drug).Elimination/Excretion In healthy volunteers (n=12), 40 to 65% of mg orally administered colchicine was recovered unchanged in urine. Enterohepatic recirculation and biliary excretion are also postulated to play role in colchicine elimination. Following multiple oral doses (0.6 mg twice daily), the mean elimination half-lives in young healthy volunteers (mean age 25 to 28 years of age) is 26.6 to 31.2 hours. Colchicine is substrate of P-gp.Extracorporeal EliminationColchicine is not removed by hemodialysis.Special PopulationsThere is no difference between men and women in the pharmacokinetic disposition of colchicine.Pediatric Patients Pharmacokinetics of colchicine was not evaluated in pediatric patients.ElderlyA published report described the pharmacokinetics of mg oral colchicine tablet in four elderly women compared to six young healthy males. The mean age of the four elderly women was 83 years (range 75 to 93), mean weight was 47 kg (38 to 61 kg) and mean creatinine clearance was 46 mL/min (range 25 to 75 mL/min). Mean peak plasma levels and AUC of colchicine were two times higher in elderly subjects compared to young healthy males. pharmacokinetic study using single oral dose of one 0.6 mg colchicine tablet was conducted in young healthy subjects (n=20) between the ages of 18 and 30 years and elderly subjects (n=18) between the ages of 60 and 70 years. Elderly subjects in this study had median age of 62 years and mean (+-SD) age of 62.83 +- 2.83 years. statistically significant difference in creatinine clearance (mean +- SD) was found between the two age groups (132.56 +- 23.16 mL/min for young vs. 87.02 +- 17.92 mL/min for elderly subjects, respectively). The following pharmacokinetic parameter values (mean +- SD) were observed for colchicine in the young and elderly subjects, respectively: AUC0-inf (ng/hr/mL) 22.39 +- 6.95 and 25.01 +- 6.92; Cmax (ng/mL) 2.61 +- 0.71 and 2.56 +- 0.97; Tmax (hr) 1.38 +- 0.42 and 1.25 +- 0.43; apparent elimination half-life (hr) 24.92 +- 5.34 and 30.06 +- 10.78; and clearance (mL/min) 0.0321 +- 0.0091 and 0.0292 +- 0.0071. Clinical studies with colchicine for prophylaxis and treatment of gout flares and for treatment of FMF did not include sufficient numbers of patients aged 65 years and older to determine whether they respond differently than younger patients. In general, dose selection for an elderly patient with gout should be cautious, reflecting the greater frequency of decreased renal function, concomitant disease or other drug therapy [see Dosage and Administration (2.4), Use in Specific Populations (8.5)].Renal ImpairmentPharmacokinetics of colchicine in patients with mild and moderate renal impairment is not known. published report described the disposition of colchicine (1 mg) in young adult men and women with FMF who had normal renal function or end-stage renal disease requiring dialysis. Patients with end-stage renal disease had 75% lower colchicine clearance (0.17 vs 0.73 L/hr/kg) and prolonged plasma elimination half-life (18.8 vs 4.4 hours) as compared to subjects with FMF and normal renal function [See Dosage and Administration (2.5), Use in Specific Populations (8.6)].Hepatic Impairment Published reports on the pharmacokinetics of IV colchicine in patients with severe chronic liver disease, as well as those with alcoholic or primary biliary cirrhosis, and normal renal function suggest wide interpatient variability. In some subjects with mild to moderate cirrhosis, the clearance of colchicine is significantly reduced and plasma half-life prolonged compared to healthy subjects. In subjects with primary biliary cirrhosis, no consistent trends were noted [see Dosage and Administration (2.6), Use in Specific Populations (8.7)]. No pharmacokinetic data are available for patients with severe hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh C).Drug InteractionsIn Vitro Drug Interactions In vitro studies in human liver microsomes have shown that colchicine is not an inhibitor or inducer of CYP1A2, CYP2A6, CYP2B6, CYP2C8, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6, CYP2E1, or CYP3A4 activity. In Vivo Drug Interactions The effects of coadministration of other drugs with colchicine tablets on Cmax, AUC, and Cmin are summarized in Table (effect of other drugs on colchicine) and Table (effect of colchicine on other drugs). For information regarding clinical recommendations, see Table in Dose Modification for Coadministration of Interacting Drugs [see Dosage and Administration (2.4)]. Table 6. Drug Interactions: Pharmacokinetic Parameters for Colchicine Tablets in the Presence of the Coadministered Drug Coadministered Drug Dose of Coadministered Drug (mg) Dose of colchicine tablets (mg) % Change in Colchicine Concentrations from Baseline (Range: Min Max) Cmax AUC0-t Cyclosporine 100 mg single dose 0.6 mg single dose 23 270.0 (62.0 to 606.9) 259.0 (75.8 to 511.9) Clarithromycin 250 mg twice daily, days 0.6 mg single dose 23 227.2 (65.7 to 591.1) 281.5 (88.7 to 851.6) Ketoconazole 200 mg twice daily, days 0.6 mg single dose 24 101.7 (19.6 to 219.0) 212.2 (76.7 to 419.6) Ritonavir 100 mg twice daily, days 0.6 mg single dose 18 184.4 (79.2 to 447.4) 296.0 (53.8 to 924.4) Verapamil 240 mg daily, days 0.6 mg single dose 24 40.1 (-47.1 to 149.5) 103.3 (-9.8 to 217.2) Diltiazem 240 mg daily, days 0.6 mg single dose 20 44.2 (-46.0 to 318.3) 93.4 (-30.2 to 338.6) Azithromycin 500 mg 1 day, then 250 mg 4 days 0.6 mg single dose 21 21.6 (-41.7 to 222.0) 57.1 (-24.3 to 241.1) Grapefruit juice 240 mL twice daily, days 0.6 mg single dose 21 -2.55 (-53.4 to 55.0) -2.36 (-46.4 to 62.2) Estrogen-containing oral contraceptives: In healthy female volunteers given ethinyl estradiol and norethindrone (Ortho-Novum 1/35) coadministered with colchicine tablets (0.6 mg twice daily 14 days), hormone concentrations are not affected. In healthy volunteers given theophylline coadministered with colchicine tablets (0.6 mg twice daily 14 days), theophylline concentrations were not affected. Table 7. Drug Interactions: Pharmacokinetic Parameters for Coadministration of Drug in the Presence of Colchicine TabletsConducted in healthy adult females+AUC Coadministered Drug Dose of Coadministered Drug (mg) Dose of Colchicine tablets (mg) % Change in Coadministered Drug Concentrations from Baseline (Range: Min Max) Cmax AUC0-t Theophylline 300 mg (elixir) single dose 0.6 mg twice daily 14 days 27 1.6 (-30.4 to 23.1) 1.6 (-28.5 to 27.1) Ethinyl Estradiol (Ortho-Novum 1/35) 21-day cycle (active treatment) 7-day placebo 0.6 mg twice daily 14 days 27 -6.7 (-40.3 to 44.7) -3.0+ (-25.3 to 24.9) Norethindrone (Ortho-Novum 1/35) 0.94 (-37.3 to 59.4) -1.6+ (-32.0 to 33.7).

SPL MEDGUIDE SECTION.

Dispense with Medication Guide available at: www.avetpharma.com/product.MEDICATION GUIDEColchicine tablets (KOL-chi-seen)Read the Medication Guide that comes with colchicine tablets before you start taking it and each time you get refill. There may be new information. This Medication Guide does not take the place of talking to your healthcare provider about your medical condition or treatment. You and your healthcare provider should talk about colchicine tablets when you start taking it and at regular checkups. What is the most important information that should know about colchicine tablets Colchicine tablets can cause serious side effects or death if levels of colchicine are too high in your body.Taking certain medicines with colchicine tablets can cause your level of colchicine to be too high, especially if you have kidney or liver problems.Tell your healthcare provider about all your medical conditions, including if you have kidney or liver problems. Your dose of colchicine tablets may need to be changed.Tell your healthcare provider about all the medicines you take, including prescription and nonprescription medicines, vitamins and herbal supplements.Even medicines that you take for short period of time, such as antibiotics, can interact with colchicine and cause serious side effects or death.Talk to your healthcare provider or pharmacist before taking any new medicine.Especially tell your healthcare provider if you take:atazanavir sulfate (Reyataz)cyclosporine (Neoral, Gengraf, Sandimmune)fosamprenavir (Lexiva) with ritonavirindinavir (Crixivan)ketoconazole (Nizoral)nefazodone (Serzone)ritonavir (Norvir)telithromycin (Ketek)clarithromycin (Biaxin)darunavir (Prezista)fosamprenavir (Lexiva)itraconazole (Sporanox)lopinavir/ritonavir (Kaletra)nelfinavir mesylate (Viracept)saquinavir mesylate (Invirase)tipranavir (Aptivus)Ask your healthcare provider or pharmacist if you are not sure if you take any of the medicines listed above. This is not complete list of all the medicines that can interact with colchicine.Know the medicines you take. Keep list of them and show it to your healthcare provider and pharmacist when you get new medicine.Keep colchicine tablets out of the reach of children.What are Colchicine tabletsColchicine tablets are prescription medicine used to:prevent and treat gout flares in adultstreat familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) in adults and children age or olderColchicine tablets are not pain medicine, and it should not be taken to treat pain related to other conditions unless specifically prescribed for those conditions. Who should not take colchicine tablets Do not take Colchicine Tablets if you have liver or kidney problems and you take certain other medicines. Serious side effects, including death, have been reported in these patients even when taken as directed. See What is the most important information that should know about colchicine tablets What should tell my healthcare provider before starting colchicine tablets See What is the most important information that should know about colchicine tablets Before you take colchicine tablets, tell your healthcare provider about all your medical conditions, including if you:have liver or kidney problems.are pregnant or plan to become pregnant. It is not known if colchicine tablets will harm your unborn baby. Talk to your healthcare provider if you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant.are male with female partner who can become pregnant. Receiving treatment with colchicine tablets may be related to infertility in some men that is reversible when treatment is stopped.are breastfeeding or plan to breastfeed. Colchicine passes into your breast milk. You and your healthcare provider should decide if you will take colchicine tablets while breastfeeding. If you take colchicine tablets and breastfeed, you should talk to your childs healthcare provider about how to watch for side effects in your child.Tell your healthcare provider about all the medicines you take, including ones that you may only be taking for short time, such as antibiotics. See What is the most important information that should know about colchicine tablets Do not start new medicine without talking to your healthcare provider. Using colchicine tablets with certain other medicines, such as cholesterol-lowering medications and digoxin, can affect each other, causing serious side effects. Your healthcare provider may need to change your dose of colchicine tablets. Talk to your healthcare provider about whether the medications you are taking might interact with colchicine tablets and what side effects to look for. How should take colchicine tabletsTake colchicine tablets exactly as your healthcare provider tells you to take it. If you are not sure about your dosing, call your healthcare provider.Colchicine tablets can be taken with or without food.If you take too much colchicine tablets, go to the nearest hospital emergency room right away.Do not stop taking colchicine tablets even if you start to feel better, unless your healthcare provider tells you.Your healthcare provider may do blood tests while you take colchicine tablets.If you take colchicine tablets daily and you miss dose, then take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, just skip the missed dose. Take the next dose at your regular time. Do not take doses at the same time.If you have gout flare while taking colchicine tablets daily, report this to your healthcare provider.What should avoid while taking colchicine tabletsAvoid eating grapefruit or drinking grapefruit juice while taking colchicine tablets. It can increase your chances of getting serious side effects.What are the possible side effects of colchicine tablets Colchicine tablets can cause serious side effects or even cause death. See What is the most important information that should know about colchicine tablets Get medical help right away if you have:Muscle weakness or painNumbness or tingling in your fingers or toesUnusual bleeding or bruisingIncreased infectionsFeel weak or tiredPale or gray color to your lips, tongue or palms of your handsSevere diarrhea or vomitingGout Flares: The most common side effect of colchicine tablets in people who have gout flares is diarrhea. FMF: The most common side effects of colchicine tablets in people who have FMF are abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea and vomiting. Tell your healthcare provider if you have any side effect that bothers you or that does not go away. These are not all of the possible side effects of colchicine tablets. For more information, ask your healthcare provider or pharmacist. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch or Avet Pharmaceuticals Inc. at 1-866-901-DRUG (3784) or go to www. avetpharma.com.How should store Colchicine tabletsStore colchicine tablets at room temperature between 68F and 77F (20C and 25C).Keep colchicine tablets in tightly closed container.Keep colchicine tablets out of the light.Keep Colchicine tablets and all medicines out of the reach of children. General Information about colchicine tablets Medicines are sometimes prescribed for purposes other than those listed in Medication Guide. Do not use colchicine tablets for condition for which it was not prescribed. Do not give colchicine tablets to other people, even if they have the same symptoms that you have. It may harm them. This Medication Guide summarizes the most important information about colchicine tablets. If you would like more information, talk with your healthcare provider. You can ask your healthcare provider or pharmacist for information about colchicine tablets that is written for healthcare professionals. What are the ingredients in colchicine tablets Active Ingredient: colchicine. Inactive Ingredients: carnauba wax, lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, pregelatinized starch, sodium starch glycolate and Opadry-II 40L500004 Purple (Polydextrose, Hypromellose USP (3mPas), Hypromellose USP (6mPas), Triacetin, Hypromellose USP (50mPas), FD&C Blue 2/ Indigo carmine AL 3% 5%, FD&C Red 40 Allura Red AC Aluminium lake 15 17%, Macrogol PEG NF (8000), Titanium Dioxide). Dispense with Medication Guide available at: www.avetpharma.com/product.Manufactured by: Strides Pharma Science Ltd.Bengaluru-562106, IndiaManufactured for:Avet Pharmaceuticals Inc.East Brunswick, NJ 088161.866.901.DRUG (3784)Revised: 02/2023This Medication Guide has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Taking certain medicines with colchicine tablets can cause your level of colchicine to be too high, especially if you have kidney or liver problems.. Tell your healthcare provider about all your medical conditions, including if you have kidney or liver problems. Your dose of colchicine tablets may need to be changed.. Tell your healthcare provider about all the medicines you take, including prescription and nonprescription medicines, vitamins and herbal supplements.. Even medicines that you take for short period of time, such as antibiotics, can interact with colchicine and cause serious side effects or death.. Talk to your healthcare provider or pharmacist before taking any new medicine.. Especially tell your healthcare provider if you take:. atazanavir sulfate (Reyataz). cyclosporine (Neoral, Gengraf, Sandimmune). fosamprenavir (Lexiva) with ritonavir. indinavir (Crixivan). ketoconazole (Nizoral). nefazodone (Serzone). ritonavir (Norvir). telithromycin (Ketek). clarithromycin (Biaxin). darunavir (Prezista). fosamprenavir (Lexiva). itraconazole (Sporanox). lopinavir/ritonavir (Kaletra). nelfinavir mesylate (Viracept). saquinavir mesylate (Invirase). tipranavir (Aptivus). Know the medicines you take. Keep list of them and show it to your healthcare provider and pharmacist when you get new medicine.. Keep colchicine tablets out of the reach of children.. prevent and treat gout flares in adults. treat familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) in adults and children age or older. have liver or kidney problems.. are pregnant or plan to become pregnant. It is not known if colchicine tablets will harm your unborn baby. Talk to your healthcare provider if you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant.. are male with female partner who can become pregnant. Receiving treatment with colchicine tablets may be related to infertility in some men that is reversible when treatment is stopped.. are breastfeeding or plan to breastfeed. Colchicine passes into your breast milk. You and your healthcare provider should decide if you will take colchicine tablets while breastfeeding. If you take colchicine tablets and breastfeed, you should talk to your childs healthcare provider about how to watch for side effects in your child.. Take colchicine tablets exactly as your healthcare provider tells you to take it. If you are not sure about your dosing, call your healthcare provider.. Colchicine tablets can be taken with or without food.. If you take too much colchicine tablets, go to the nearest hospital emergency room right away.. Do not stop taking colchicine tablets even if you start to feel better, unless your healthcare provider tells you.. Your healthcare provider may do blood tests while you take colchicine tablets.. If you take colchicine tablets daily and you miss dose, then take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, just skip the missed dose. Take the next dose at your regular time. Do not take doses at the same time.. If you have gout flare while taking colchicine tablets daily, report this to your healthcare provider.. Muscle weakness or pain. Numbness or tingling in your fingers or toes. Unusual bleeding or bruising. Increased infections. Feel weak or tired. Pale or gray color to your lips, tongue or palms of your hands. Severe diarrhea or vomiting. Store colchicine tablets at room temperature between 68F and 77F (20C and 25C).. Keep colchicine tablets in tightly closed container.. Keep colchicine tablets out of the light.. logo.

USE IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONS SECTION.

8 USE IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONS. In the presence of mild to moderate renal or hepatic impairment, adjustment of dosing is not required for treatment of gout flare, prophylaxis of gout flare and FMF, but patients should be monitored closely (8.6).In patients with severe renal impairment for prophylaxis of gout flares, the starting dose should be 0.3 mg/day for gout flares, no dose adjustment is required, but treatment course should be repeated no more than once every two weeks. In FMF patients, start with 0.3 mg/day, and any increase in dose should be done with close monitoring (8.6).In patients with severe hepatic impairment, dose reduction may be needed in prophylaxis of gout flares and FMF patients; while dose reduction may not be needed in gout flares, treatment course should be repeated no more than once every two weeks (8.6, 8.7).For patients undergoing dialysis, the total recommended dose for prophylaxis of gout flares should be 0.3 mg given twice week with close monitoring. For treatment of gout flares, the total recommended dose should be reduced to 0.6 mg (one tablet) 1 dose and the treatment course should not be repeated more than once every two weeks. For FMF patients, the starting dose should be 0.3 mg/day and dosing can be increased with close monitoring (8.6).Females and Males of Reproductive Potential: Advise males that colchicine may transiently impair fertility (8.3).Geriatric Use: The recommended dose of colchicine should be based on renal function (8.5).. In the presence of mild to moderate renal or hepatic impairment, adjustment of dosing is not required for treatment of gout flare, prophylaxis of gout flare and FMF, but patients should be monitored closely (8.6).. In patients with severe renal impairment for prophylaxis of gout flares, the starting dose should be 0.3 mg/day for gout flares, no dose adjustment is required, but treatment course should be repeated no more than once every two weeks. In FMF patients, start with 0.3 mg/day, and any increase in dose should be done with close monitoring (8.6).. In patients with severe hepatic impairment, dose reduction may be needed in prophylaxis of gout flares and FMF patients; while dose reduction may not be needed in gout flares, treatment course should be repeated no more than once every two weeks (8.6, 8.7).. For patients undergoing dialysis, the total recommended dose for prophylaxis of gout flares should be 0.3 mg given twice week with close monitoring. For treatment of gout flares, the total recommended dose should be reduced to 0.6 mg (one tablet) 1 dose and the treatment course should not be repeated more than once every two weeks. For FMF patients, the starting dose should be 0.3 mg/day and dosing can be increased with close monitoring (8.6).. Females and Males of Reproductive Potential: Advise males that colchicine may transiently impair fertility (8.3).. Geriatric Use: The recommended dose of colchicine should be based on renal function (8.5).. 8.1 Pregnancy. Risk Summary Available data from published literature on colchicine use in pregnancy over several decades have not identified any drug associated risks for major birth defects, miscarriage, or adverse maternal or fetal outcomes (see Data). Colchicine crosses the human placenta. Although animal reproductive and developmental studies were not conducted with Colchicine, published animal reproduction and development studies indicate that colchicine causes embryofetal toxicity, teratogenicity and altered postnatal development at exposures within or above the clinical therapeutic range. The estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population is unknown. All pregnancies have background risk of birth defect, loss, or other adverse outcomes. In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is to 4% and 15 to 20%, respectively. Data Human Data Available data from published observational studies, case series, and case reports over several decades do not suggest an increased risk for major birth defects or miscarriage in pregnant women with rheumatic diseases (such as rheumatoid arthritis, Behcets disease, or familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) treated with colchicine at therapeutic doses during pregnancy. Limitations of these data include the lack of randomization and inability to control for confounders such as underlying maternal disease and maternal use of concomitant medications. 8.2 Lactation. Risk Summary Colchicine is present in human milk (see Data). Adverse events in breastfed infants have not been reported in the published literature after administration of colchicine to lactating women. There are no data on the effects of colchicine on milk production. The developmental and health benefits of breastfeeding should be considered along with the mothers clinical need for colchicine and any potential adverse effects on the breastfed child from colchicine or from the underlying maternal condition. Data Limited published data from case reports and small lactation study demonstrate that colchicine is present in breastmilk. systematic review of literature reported no adverse effects in 149 breastfed children. In prospective observational cohort study, no gastrointestinal or other symptoms were reported in 38 colchicine-exposed breastfed infants. 8.3 Females and Males of Reproductive Potential. Infertility Case reports and epidemiology studies in human male subjects on colchicine therapy indicated that infertility from colchicine is rare and may be reversible. case report indicated that azoospermia was reversed when therapy was stopped. Case reports and epidemiology studies in female subjects on colchicine therapy have not established clear relationship between colchicine use and female infertility. However, since the progression of FMF without treatment may result in infertility, the use of colchicine needs to be weighed against the potential risks [see Nonclinical Toxicology (13.1)]. 8.4 Pediatric Use. The safety and efficacy of colchicine in children of all ages with FMF has been evaluated in uncontrolled studies. There does not appear to be an adverse effect on growth in children with FMF treated long-term with colchicine. Safety and effectiveness of colchicine in pediatric patients with gout has not been established.. 8.5 Geriatric Use. Clinical studies with colchicine for prophylaxis and treatment of gout flares and for treatment of FMF did not include sufficient numbers of patients aged 65 years and older to determine whether they respond differently from younger patients. In general, dose selection for an elderly patient with gout should be cautious, reflecting the greater frequency of decreased renal function, concomitant disease or other drug therapy [see Dosage and Administration (2.4), Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].. 8.6 Renal Impairment. Colchicine is significantly excreted in urine in healthy subjects. Clearance of colchicine is decreased in patients with impaired renal function. Total body clearance of colchicine was reduced by 75% in patients with end-stage renal disease undergoing dialysis.Prophylaxis of Gout Flares For prophylaxis of gout flares in patients with mild (estimated creatinine clearance Clcr 50 to 80 mL/min) to moderate (Clcr 30 to 50 mL/min) renal function impairment, adjustment of the recommended dose is not required, but patients should be monitored closely for adverse effects of colchicine. However, in patients with severe impairment, the starting dose should be 0.3 mg per day and any increase in dose should be done with close monitoring. For the prophylaxis of gout flares in patients undergoing dialysis, the starting doses should be 0.3 mg given twice week with close monitoring [see Dosage and Administration (2.5)].Treatment of Gout Flares For treatment of gout flares in patients with mild (Clcr 50 to 80 mL/min) to moderate (Clcr 30 to 50 mL/min) renal function impairment, adjustment of the recommended dose is not required, but patients should be monitored closely for adverse effects of colchicine. However, in patients with severe impairment, while the dose does not need to be adjusted for the treatment of gout flares, treatment course should be repeated no more than once every two weeks. For patients with gout flares requiring repeated courses, consideration should be given to alternate therapy. For patients undergoing dialysis, the total recommended dose for the treatment of gout flares should be reduced to single dose of 0.6 mg (one tablet). For these patients, the treatment course should not be repeated more than once every two weeks [see Dosage and Administration (2.5)].FMF Although, pharmacokinetics of colchicine in patients with mild (Clcr 50 to 80 mL/min) and moderate (Clcr 30 to 50 mL/min) renal impairment is not known, these patients should be monitored closely for adverse effects of colchicine. Dose reduction may be necessary. In patients with severe renal failure (Clcr less than 30 mL/min) and end-stage renal disease requiring dialysis, Colchicine tablets may be started at the dose of 0.3 mg/day. Any increase in dose should be done with adequate monitoring of the patient for adverse effects of colchicine [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3), Dosage and Administration (2.5)].. 8.7 Hepatic Impairment. The clearance of colchicine may be significantly reduced and plasma half-life prolonged in patients with chronic hepatic impairment compared to healthy subjects [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].Prophylaxis of Gout Flares For prophylaxis of gout flares in patients with mild to moderate hepatic function impairment, adjustment of the recommended dose is not required, but patients should be monitored closely for adverse effects of colchicine. Dose reduction should be considered for the prophylaxis of gout flares in patients with severe hepatic impairment [see Dosage and Administration (2.6)].Treatment of Gout Flares For treatment of gout flares in patients with mild to moderate hepatic function impairment, adjustment of the recommended Colchicine dose is not required, but patients should be monitored closely for adverse effects of Colchicine. However, for the treatment of gout flares in patients with severe impairment, while the dose does not need to be adjusted, the treatment course should be repeated no more than once every two weeks. For these patients, requiring repeated courses for the treatment of gout flares, consideration should be given to alternate therapy [see Dosage and Administration (2.6)].FMF In patients with severe hepatic disease, dose reduction should be considered with careful monitoring [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3), Dosage and Administration (2.6)].

WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS SECTION.

5 WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS. Fatal overdoses have been reported with colchicine in adults and children. Keep colchicine tablets out of the reach of children (5.1, 10).Blood dyscrasias: myelosuppression, leukopenia, granulocytopenia, thrombocytopenia, and aplastic anemia have been reported. (5.2)Monitor for toxicity and if present consider temporary interruption or discontinuation of colchicine (5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 6, 10).Drug interaction P-gp and/or CYP3A4 inhibitors: Coadministration of colchicine with P-gp and/or strong CYP3A4 inhibitors has resulted in life-threatening interactions and death (5.3, 7).Neuromuscular toxicity: Myotoxicity including rhabdomyolysis may occur, especially in combination with other drugs known to cause this effect. Consider temporary interruption or discontinuation of colchicine tablets (5.4, 7).. Fatal overdoses have been reported with colchicine in adults and children. Keep colchicine tablets out of the reach of children (5.1, 10).. Blood dyscrasias: myelosuppression, leukopenia, granulocytopenia, thrombocytopenia, and aplastic anemia have been reported. (5.2). Monitor for toxicity and if present consider temporary interruption or discontinuation of colchicine (5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 6, 10).. Drug interaction P-gp and/or CYP3A4 inhibitors: Coadministration of colchicine with P-gp and/or strong CYP3A4 inhibitors has resulted in life-threatening interactions and death (5.3, 7).. Neuromuscular toxicity: Myotoxicity including rhabdomyolysis may occur, especially in combination with other drugs known to cause this effect. Consider temporary interruption or discontinuation of colchicine tablets (5.4, 7).. 5.1 Fatal Overdose. Fatal overdoses, both accidental and intentional, have been reported in adults and children who have ingested colchicine [see Overdosage (10)]. Colchicine tablets should be kept out of the reach of children.. 5.2 Blood Dyscrasias. Myelosuppression, leukopenia, granulocytopenia, thrombocytopenia, pancytopenia, and aplastic anemia have been reported with colchicine used in therapeutic doses.. 5.3 Drug Interactions. Colchicine is P-gp and CYP3A4 substrate. Life-threatening and fatal drug interactions have been reported in patients treated with colchicine given with P-gp and strong CYP3A4 inhibitors. If treatment with P-gp or strong CYP3A4 inhibitor is required in patients with normal renal and hepatic function, the patients dose of colchicine may need to be reduced or interrupted [see Drug Interactions (7)]. Use of colchicine tablets in conjunction with P-gp or strong CYP3A4 inhibitors (this includes all protease inhibitors except fosamprenavir) is contraindicated in patients with renal or hepatic impairment [see Contraindications (4)]. 5.4 Neuromuscular Toxicity. Colchicine-induced neuromuscular toxicity and rhabdomyolysis have been reported with chronic treatment in therapeutic doses. Patients with renal dysfunction and elderly patients, even those with normal renal and hepatic function, are at increased risk. Concomitant use of atorvastatin, simvastatin, pravastatin, fluvastatin, lovastatin gemfibrozil, fenofibrate, fenofibric acid, or benzafibrate (themselves associated with myotoxicity) or cyclosporine with colchicine may potentiate the development of myopathy [see Drug Interactions (7)]. Once colchicine is stopped, the symptoms generally resolve within one week to several months.