Drug results: 100

arsanilic acid An arsenical which has been used as a feed additive for enteric conditions in pigs and poultry. It causes blindness and is ototoxic and nephrotoxic in animals.
phenylbutanoic acid Approved in combination with taurursodiol, as relyvrio, for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in adults.The mechanism by which relyvrio exerts its therapeutic effects in patients with ALS is unknown.
aminobutyric acid The most common inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system.
aminobenzoic acid An aminobenzoic acid isomer that combines with pteridine and GLUTAMIC ACID to form FOLIC ACID. The fact that 4-aminobenzoic acid absorbs light throughout the UVB range has also resulted in its use as an ingredient in SUNSCREENS.
salicylic acid A compound obtained from the bark of the white willow and wintergreen leaves. It has bacteriostatic, fungicidal, and keratolytic actions.
aminomethylbenzoic acid
mandelic acid
aminosalicylic acid An antitubercular agent often administered in association with ISONIAZID. The sodium salt of the drug is better tolerated than the free acid.
tidiacic
hexyldecanoic acid viscous oil
dimecrotic acid
adipic acid
aminopterin Aminopterin is a folic acid amino derivative with antineoplastic and immunosuppressive properties. It binds competitively to the folate binding site of the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase, blocking tetrahydrofolate synthesis, and resulting in depletion of nucleotide precursors and inhibition of DNA, RNA and protein synthesis.
dichlorobenzyl alcohol
2-(4-chlorphenoxy)-ethanol
aminopicoline
chromocarb treatment for certain forms of hemorrhagic anal inflammations
amino(diphenylhydantoin) valeric acid
valproic acid A fatty acid with anticonvulsant and anti-manic properties that is used in the treatment of EPILEPSY and BIPOLAR DISORDER. The mechanisms of its therapeutic actions are not well understood. It may act by increasing GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID levels in the brain or by altering the properties of VOLTAGE-GATED SODIUM CHANNELS.
methylhexaneamine sympathomimetic aliphatic amine with vasoconstrictor activity
aminosalicylic acid hydrazide
mesalazine An anti-inflammatory agent, structurally related to the SALICYLATES, which is active in INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE. It is considered to be the active moiety of SULPHASALAZINE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed)
fumaric acid see also record for ferrous fumarate; use FUMARATES for general fumaric acid esters
fosfosal reagent for testing the activity of certain enzymes
aminohippuric acid The glycine amide of 4-aminobenzoic acid. Its sodium salt is used as a diagnostic aid to measure effective renal plasma flow (ERPF) and excretory capacity.
aminolevulinic acid A compound produced from succinyl-CoA and GLYCINE as an intermediate in heme synthesis. It is used as a PHOTOCHEMOTHERAPY for actinic KERATOSIS.
felbinac an anti-inflammatory/analgesic agent which has been developed into a topical gel for local treatment and pain and inflammation associated with conditions of the musculo-skeletal system
aminohydroxybutyric acid
glycine A non-essential amino acid. It is found primarily in gelatin and silk fibroin and used therapeutically as a nutrient. It is also a fast inhibitory neurotransmitter.
salicylamide
methyl aminolevulinate
methyl salicylate used in over-the-counter liniments, ointments, lotions for relief of musculoskeletal aches and pains; has hemolytic effect on human & sheep erythrocytes; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #5990
riodoxol
heptaminol An amino alcohol that has been used as a myocardial stimulant and vasodilator and to relieve bronchospasm. Its most common therapeutic use is in orthostatic hypotension. The mechanism of heptaminol's therapeutic actions is not well understood although it has been suggested to affect catecholamine release or calcium metabolism.
acipimox lipolysis inhibitor
taurine A conditionally essential nutrient, important during mammalian development. It is present in milk but is isolated mostly from ox bile and strongly conjugates bile acids.
timonacic
ibufenac used in the treatment of rheumatism; also possesses antipyretic properties; minor descriptor (75-84); on-line & Index Medicus search PHENYLACETATES (75-84); RN given refers to parent cpd
magnesium aspartate
difetarsone
ethinylestradiol sulfonate
cycloserine Antibiotic substance produced by Streptomyces garyphalus.
vigabatrin The precise mechanism of vigabatrin's anti-seizure effect is unknown, but it is believed to be the result of its action as an irreversible inhibitor of gamma-aminobutyric acid transaminase (GABA-T), the enzyme responsible for the metabolism of the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA. This action results in increased levels of GABA in the central nervous system.
menadione
5-aminolevulinic acid hexyl ester
alclofenac Alclofenac is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent, withdrawn from the market. It acts by blocking the synthesis of prostaglandins through the inhibition of cyclooxygenase, which converts arachidonic acid to cyclic endoperoxides, precursors of prostaglandins. Inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis accounts for their analgesic, antipyretic, and platelet-inhibitory actions.
thiouracil Occurs in seeds of Brassica and Crucifera species. Thiouracil has been used as antithyroid, coronary vasodilator, and in congestive heart failure although its use has been largely supplanted by other drugs. It is known to cause blood dyscrasias and suspected of terato- and carcinogenesis.
propiolactone Disinfectant used in vapor form to sterilize vaccines, grafts, etc. The vapor is very irritating and the liquid form is carcinogenic.
kojic acid
salicylanilide
choline fenofibrate metabolite of lipantyl; structure; salt of cholesterylamine & 2-(4-(p-chlorobenzoyl)phenoxy)2-methylpropionic acid
verteporfin A benzoporphyrin derivative that is used in PHOTOCHEMOTHERAPY to treat wet type MACULAR DEGENERATION.
kainic acid (2S-(2 alpha,3 beta,4 beta))-2-Carboxy-4-(1-methylethenyl)-3-pyrrolidineacetic acid. Ascaricide obtained from the red alga Digenea simplex. It is a potent excitatory amino acid agonist at some types of excitatory amino acid receptors and has been used to discriminate among receptor types. Like many excitatory amino acid agonists it can cause neurotoxicity and has been used experimentally for that purpose.
hydroxyproline A hydroxylated form of the imino acid proline. A deficiency in ASCORBIC ACID can result in impaired hydroxyproline formation.
glutamic acid A non-essential amino acid naturally occurring in the L-form. Glutamic acid is the most common excitatory neurotransmitter in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.
aspartic acid One of the non-essential amino acids commonly occurring in the L-form. It is found in animals and plants, especially in sugar cane and sugar beets. It may be a neurotransmitter.
alginic acid A polysaccharide and linear copolymer, consisting mainly of beta-1,4-linked D-mannuronic acid and alpha-1,4-linked L-glucuronic acid, that occurs in marine algae such as LAMINARIA, and in BIOFILMS produced by PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA.
adenosine phosphate Adenine nucleotide containing one phosphate group esterified to the sugar moiety in the 2'-, 3'-, or 5'-position.
sodium oxybate The sodium salt of 4-hydroxybutyric acid. It is used for both induction and maintenance of ANESTHESIA.
pyridoxal phosphate This is the active form of VITAMIN B 6 serving as a coenzyme for synthesis of amino acids, neurotransmitters (serotonin, norepinephrine), sphingolipids, aminolevulinic acid. During transamination of amino acids, pyridoxal phosphate is transiently converted into pyridoxamine phosphate (PYRIDOXAMINE).
piroctone 2(1H)-pyridinone, 1-hydroxy-4-methyl-6-(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)- combined with 2-aminoethanol; used to treat pityriasis; structure given in first source
borofalan (10B) Borofalan is a boron compound, namely phenylalanine labeled with 10B (an isotope of boron). Phenylalanine is an amino acid essential for the growth of tumor cells. It has been suggested that the compound accumulatesin tumor cells, mediated by L-type amino acid transporter-1 (LAT-1), an amino acid transporter highly expressed in multiple types of carcinomas including head and neck cancer. Borofalan alone does not inhibit tumor growth, whereas upon irradiation of neutron beams from outside the body, 10B atoms incorporated in tumorcells capture neutrons, resulting in the release of alpha rays and lithium nuclei generated by nuclear reaction, exhibiting a tumor growth-inhibitory effect.
hematoporphyrin Iron-free derivatives of heme with 4 methyl groups, 2 hydroxyethyl groups and 2 propionic acid groups attached to the pyrrole rings. Some of these PHOTOSENSITIZING AGENTS are used in the PHOTOTHERAPY of malignant NEOPLASMS.
simoctocog alfa Simoctocog alfa (human coagulation factor VIII (rDNA)) is a purified protein that has 1440 amino acids. The amino acid sequence is comparable to the 90 + 80 kDa form of human plasma factor VIII (i.e. B-domain deleted). Simoctocog alfa is produced by recombinant DNA technology in genetical human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293F cells.
etesevimab FDA issued an Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) for etesevimab and bamlanivimab on February 9, 2021 that permits combined use of the drugs for the treatment of mild to moderate COVID-19. The EUA of bamlanivimab ALONE was revoked by FDA but the use of bamlanivimab in a combined regimen with etesevimab remains unchanged. Etesevimab is a recombinant neutralizing human IgG1kappa mAb to the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2, with amino acid substitutions in the Fc region (L234A, L235A) to reduce effector function. Etesevimab binds the spike protein and blocks spike protein attachment to the human ACE2 receptor with an IC50value of 0.32 nM (0.046 μg/mL). Bamlanivimab and etesevimab bind to different but overlapping epitopes in the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the S-protein. Using both antibodies together is expected to reduce the risk of viral resistance.
lixisenatide A synthetic GLUCAGON-LIKE PEPTIDE-1 RECEPTOR (GLP-1) agonist that binds GLP-1 receptor that is used to control blood sugar levels in patients with TYPE 2 DIABETES; amino acid sequence is H-HGEGTFTSDLSKQMEEEAVRLFIEWLKNGGPSSGAPPSK KKKKK-NH2 (ZP10A).
monoctanoin dissolution agent for retained cholesterol bile duct stones; RN in Chemline for octanoic acid, ester with 1,2,3-propanetriol, MF unknown: 11140-04-8; RN for octanoic acid, 2,3-dihydroxypropyl ester (1-monooctanoin): 502-54-5; RN in 9th CI Form Index for (+-)-1-monooctanoin: 19670-49-6
protamine sulfate A group of simple proteins that yield basic amino acids on hydrolysis and that occur combined with nucleic acid in the sperm of fish. Protamines contain very few kinds of amino acids. Protamine sulfate combines with heparin to form a stable inactive complex; it is used to neutralize the anticoagulant action of heparin in the treatment of heparin overdose. (From Merck Index, 11th ed; Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p692)
thiamine 3-((4-Amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinyl)methyl)-5-(2- hydroxyethyl)-4-methylthiazolium chloride.
depemokimab-ulaa Depemokimab targets human IL-5 with a binding affinity of 10.5 pM, thereby blocking the binding to the IL-5 receptor alpha expressed on the cell surface with picomolar potency (IC50 4 pM) in vitro. Depemokimab contains a triple amino acid substitution (YTE) in the fragment crystallisable (Fc) region which increases binding to the neonatal Fc receptor and thereby extends the half-life when compared to the IgG1 wildtype.
ocriplasmin consists or two polypeptide chains connected by disulfide bonds; one chain is the B chain of plasmin consisting of 230 amino acids, the other peptide is the COOH-terminal portion of the A chain of plasmin consisting of 31 amino acid residues; MW 28.635kDa
entacapone Entacapone is a selective and reversible inhibitor of COMT. COMT catalyzes the transfer of the methyl group of S-adenosyl-L-methionine to the phenolic group of substrates that contain a catechol structure. Physiological substrates of COMT include dopa, catecholamines (dopamine, norepinephrine, and epinephrine) and their hydroxylated metabolites. The function of COMT is the elimination of biologically active catechols and some other hydroxylated metabolites. When entacapone is given in conjunction with levodopa and an aromatic amino acid decarboxylase inhibitor, such as carbidopa, plasma levels of levodopa are greater and more sustained than after administration of levodopa and an aromatic amino acid decarboxylase inhibitor alone. It is believed that at a given frequency of levodopa administration, these more sustained plasma levels of levodopa result in more constant dopaminergic stimulation in the brain, leading to greater effects on the signs and symptoms of Parkinson's disease.
thyrotropin alfa A highly purified recombinant glycoprotein form of human THYROID-STIMULATING HORMONE, produced by recombinant DNA technology comprising two non-covalently linked subunits, an alpha subunit of 92 amino acid residues containing two N-linked glycosylation sites, and a beta subunit of 118 residues containing one N-linked glycosylation site. The amino acid sequence of thyrotropin alfa is identical to that of human pituitary thyroid stimulating hormone.
serine A non-essential amino acid occurring in natural form as the L-isomer. It is synthesized from GLYCINE or THREONINE. It is involved in the biosynthesis of PURINES; PYRIMIDINES; and other amino acids.
somatostatin A 14-amino acid peptide named for its ability to inhibit pituitary GROWTH HORMONE release, also called somatotropin release-inhibiting factor. It is expressed in the central and peripheral nervous systems, the gut, and other organs. SRIF can also inhibit the release of THYROID-STIMULATING HORMONE; PROLACTIN; INSULIN; and GLUCAGON besides acting as a neurotransmitter and neuromodulator. In a number of species including humans, there is an additional form of somatostatin, SRIF-28 with a 14-amino acid extension at the N-terminal.
icosapent ethyl Icosapent ethyl is a stable ethyl ester of the omega-3 fatty acid, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). The mechanisms of action contributing to reduction of cardiovascular events with icosapent ethyl are not completely understood. The mechanisms are likely multi-factorial including improved lipoprotein profile with reduction of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects, reduction of macrophage accumulation, improved endothelial function, increased fibrous cap thickness/stability, and antiplatelet effects. Each of these mechanisms can beneficially alter the development, progression, and stabilisation of atherosclerotic plaque, as well as the implications of plaque rupture, and preclinical and clinical studies support such benefits with EPA. Systemic and localised anti-inflammatory effects of EPA may result from displacement of pro-inflammatory arachidonic acid (AA), directing catabolism away from eicosanoids (2-series prostaglandins and thromboxanes, and 4-series leukotrienes) to non- or anti-inflammatory mediators. However, the direct clinical meaning of individual findings is not clear.
pyridoxal The 4-carboxyaldehyde form of VITAMIN B 6 which is converted to PYRIDOXAL PHOSPHATE which is a coenzyme for synthesis of amino acids, neurotransmitters (serotonin, norepinephrine), sphingolipids, aminolevulinic acid.
pyridoxine The 4-methanol form of VITAMIN B 6 which is converted to PYRIDOXAL PHOSPHATE which is a coenzyme for synthesis of amino acids, neurotransmitters (serotonin, norepinephrine), sphingolipids, aminolevulinic acid. Although pyridoxine and Vitamin B 6 are still frequently used as synonyms, especially by medical researchers, this practice is erroneous and sometimes misleading (EE Snell; Ann NY Acad Sci, vol 585 pg 1, 1990).
proline A non-essential amino acid that is synthesized from GLUTAMIC ACID. It is an essential component of COLLAGEN and is important for proper functioning of joints and tendons.
calaspargase pegol L-asparaginase is an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of the amino acid L-asparagine into aspartic acid and ammonia. The pharmacological effect of ASPARLAS is thought to be based on selective killing of leukemic cells due to depletion of plasma L-asparagine. Leukemic cells with low expression of asparagine synthetase have a reduced ability to synthesize L-asparagine, and therefore depend on an exogenous source of L-asparagine for survival.
ertapenem Ertapenem has in vitro activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. The bactericidal activity of ertapenem results from the inhibition of cell wall synthesis and is mediated through ertapenem binding to penicillin binding proteins (PBPs). In Escherichia coli, it has strong affinity toward PBPs 1a, 1b, 2, 3, 4 and 5 with preference for PBPs 2 and 3.
peginterferon beta-1a an interferon beta-1a to which a single, linear 20,000 dalton methoxy poly(ethyleneglycol)-O-2-methylpropionaldehyde molecule is covalently attached to the alpha amino group of the N-terminal amino acid residue. A possible role for IFNs in prophylaxis or early treatment of COVID-19 has been suggested to compensate for possibly insufficient endogenous IFN production. However, the efficacy and safety of IFNs for treatment or prevention of COVID-19 were not established.
ornithine An amino acid produced in the urea cycle by the splitting off of urea from arginine.
levocarnitine A constituent of STRIATED MUSCLE and LIVER. It is an amino acid derivative and an essential cofactor for fatty acid metabolism.
carbamide A compound formed in the liver from ammonia produced by the deamination of amino acids. It is the principal end product of protein catabolism and constitutes about one half of the total urinary solids.
remimazolam Remimazolam is a benzodiazepine and it binds to brain benzodiazepine sites (gamma amino butyric acid type A [GABAA] receptors), while its carboxylic acid metabolite (CNS7054) has a 300 times lower affinity for the receptor. Remimazolam, like other benzodiazepines, did not show clear selectivity between subtypes of the GABAA receptor.
futibatinib Futibatinib is a small molecule kinase inhibitor of FGFR 1, 2, 3, and 4 with IC50 values of less than 4 nM. Futibatinib covalently binds FGFR. Constitutive FGFR signaling can support the proliferation and survival of malignant cells. Futibatinib inhibited FGFR phosphorylation and downstream signaling and decreased cell viability in cancer cell lines with FGFR alterations including FGFR fusions/rearrangements, amplifications, and mutations. Futibatinib demonstrated anti-tumor activity in mouse and rat xenograft models of human tumors with activating FGFR genetic alterations.
hemin Chloro(7,12-diethenyl-3,8,13,17-tetramethyl-21H,23H-porphine-2,18-dipropanoato(4-)-N(21),N(22),N(23),N(24)) ferrate(2-) dihydrogen.
sipavibart Sipavibart is a recombinant human IgG1 monoclonal antibody that provides passive immunisation by binding the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein receptor binding domain (RBD). Sipavibart is long-acting, with amino acid substitutions to extend antibody half-life (YTE) and to reduce antibody effector function and potential risk of antibody-dependent enhancement of disease (TM). Sipavibart binds to the spike protein RBD of SARS-CoV-2 (BA.2), blocking RBD binding to the human ACE2 receptor. This results in a blockade of virus entry.
diclofenac etalhyaluronate sodium Diclofenac etalhyaluronate is a 130,000 kDa compound in which the diclofenac molecule is attached via a 2-aminoethanol linker to the glucuronic acid moiety of the hyaluronic acid. Diclofenac is released through hydrolytic cleavage of the ester linkage and it inhibits the synthesis of prostaglandin E2.
allopurinol A XANTHINE OXIDASE inhibitor that decreases URIC ACID production. It also acts as an antimetabolite on some simpler organisms.
creatine An amino acid that occurs in vertebrate tissues and in urine. In muscle tissue, creatine generally occurs as phosphocreatine. Creatine is excreted as CREATININE in the urine.
eladocagene exuparvovec Eladocagene exuparvovec is a gene therapy medicinal product that expresses the human aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase enzyme (hAADC). It is a non-replicating recombinant adeno-associated virus serotype 2 (AAV2) based vector containing the cDNA of the human dopa decarboxylase (DDC) gene under the control of the cytomegalovirus immediate-early promoter.
tigecycline Tigecycline inhibits protein translation in bacteria by binding to the 30S ribosomal subunit and blocking entry of amino-acyl tRNA molecules into the A site of the ribosome. This prevents incorporation of amino acid residues into elongating peptide chains. In general, tigecycline is considered bacteriostatic; however, tigecycline has demonstrated bactericidal activity against isolates of S. pneumoniae and L. pneumophila.
insulin degludec insulin degludec is a long-acting basal human insulin analog for subcutaneous injection, differs from human insulin in that the amino acid threonine in position B30 has been omitted and a side-chain consisting of glutamic acid and a C16 fatty acid has been attached
setmelanotide Setmelanotide is an 8 amino acid cyclic peptide analog of endogenous melanocortin peptide alpha-MSH (alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone). It is a melanocortin 4 (MC4) receptor agonist, with 20-fold less activity at the melanocortin 3 (MC3) and melanocortin 1 (MC1) receptors.
glutamine A non-essential amino acid present abundantly throughout the body and is involved in many metabolic processes. It is synthesized from GLUTAMIC ACID and AMMONIA. It is the principal carrier of NITROGEN in the body and is an important energy source for many cells.
insulin glulisine Insulin glulisine [rDNA origin] is a rapid-acting human insulin analog used to lower blood glucose. Insulin glulisine is produced by recombinant DNA technology utilizing a non-pathogenic laboratory strain of Escherichia coli (K12). Insulin glulisine differs from human insulin in that the amino acid asparagine at position B3 is replaced by lysine and the lysine in position B29 is replaced by glutamic acid.
riluzole The etiology and pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) are not known, although a number of hypotheses have been advanced. One hypothesis is that motor neurons, made vulnerable through either genetic predisposition or environmental factors, are injured by glutamate. In some cases of familial ALS the enzyme superoxide dismutase has been found to be defective. The mode of action of riluzole is unknown. Its pharmacological properties include the following, some of which may be related to its effect: 1) an inhibitory effect on glutamate release, 2) inactivation of voltage-dependent sodium channels, and 3) ability to interfere with intracellular events that follow transmitter binding at excitatory amino acid receptors. Riluzole has also been shown, in a single study, to delay median time to death in a transgenic mouse model of ALS. These mice express human superoxide dismutase bearing one of the mutations found in one of the familial forms of human ALS. It is also neuroprotective in various in vivo experimental models of neuronal injury involving excitotoxic mechanisms. In in vitro tests, riluzole protected cultured rat motor neurons from the excitotoxic effects of glutamic acid and prevented the death of cortical neurons induced by anoxia. Due to its blockade of glutamatergic neurotransmission, riluzole also exhibits myorelaxant, sedative, and anticonvulsant properties.
asparagine A non-essential amino acid that is involved in the metabolic control of cell functions in nerve and brain tissue. It is biosynthesized from ASPARTIC ACID and AMMONIA by asparagine synthetase. (From Concise Encyclopedia Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 3rd ed)

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