Drug results: 33

salicylic acid A compound obtained from the bark of the white willow and wintergreen leaves. It has bacteriostatic, fungicidal, and keratolytic actions.
mandelic acid
hexyldecanoic acid viscous oil
valproic acid A fatty acid with anticonvulsant and anti-manic properties that is used in the treatment of EPILEPSY and BIPOLAR DISORDER. The mechanisms of its therapeutic actions are not well understood. It may act by increasing GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID levels in the brain or by altering the properties of VOLTAGE-GATED SODIUM CHANNELS.
fumaric acid see also record for ferrous fumarate; use FUMARATES for general fumaric acid esters
fosfosal reagent for testing the activity of certain enzymes
dimecrotic acid
tidiacic
glycine A non-essential amino acid. It is found primarily in gelatin and silk fibroin and used therapeutically as a nutrient. It is also a fast inhibitory neurotransmitter.
salicylamide
methyl salicylate used in over-the-counter liniments, ointments, lotions for relief of musculoskeletal aches and pains; has hemolytic effect on human & sheep erythrocytes; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #5990
chromocarb treatment for certain forms of hemorrhagic anal inflammations
taurine A conditionally essential nutrient, important during mammalian development. It is present in milk but is isolated mostly from ox bile and strongly conjugates bile acids.
magnesium aspartate
ethinylestradiol sulfonate
mesalazine An anti-inflammatory agent, structurally related to the SALICYLATES, which is active in INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE. It is considered to be the active moiety of SULPHASALAZINE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed)
propiolactone Disinfectant used in vapor form to sterilize vaccines, grafts, etc. The vapor is very irritating and the liquid form is carcinogenic.
salicylanilide
choline fenofibrate metabolite of lipantyl; structure; salt of cholesterylamine & 2-(4-(p-chlorobenzoyl)phenoxy)2-methylpropionic acid
kainic acid (2S-(2 alpha,3 beta,4 beta))-2-Carboxy-4-(1-methylethenyl)-3-pyrrolidineacetic acid. Ascaricide obtained from the red alga Digenea simplex. It is a potent excitatory amino acid agonist at some types of excitatory amino acid receptors and has been used to discriminate among receptor types. Like many excitatory amino acid agonists it can cause neurotoxicity and has been used experimentally for that purpose.
adenosine phosphate Adenine nucleotide containing one phosphate group esterified to the sugar moiety in the 2'-, 3'-, or 5'-position.
monoctanoin dissolution agent for retained cholesterol bile duct stones; RN in Chemline for octanoic acid, ester with 1,2,3-propanetriol, MF unknown: 11140-04-8; RN for octanoic acid, 2,3-dihydroxypropyl ester (1-monooctanoin): 502-54-5; RN in 9th CI Form Index for (+-)-1-monooctanoin: 19670-49-6
hematoporphyrin Iron-free derivatives of heme with 4 methyl groups, 2 hydroxyethyl groups and 2 propionic acid groups attached to the pyrrole rings. Some of these PHOTOSENSITIZING AGENTS are used in the PHOTOTHERAPY of malignant NEOPLASMS.
diclofenac etalhyaluronate sodium Diclofenac etalhyaluronate is a 130,000 kDa compound in which the diclofenac molecule is attached via a 2-aminoethanol linker to the glucuronic acid moiety of the hyaluronic acid. Diclofenac is released through hydrolytic cleavage of the ester linkage and it inhibits the synthesis of prostaglandin E2.
etesevimab FDA issued an Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) for etesevimab and bamlanivimab on February 9, 2021 that permits combined use of the drugs for the treatment of mild to moderate COVID-19. The EUA of bamlanivimab ALONE was revoked by FDA but the use of bamlanivimab in a combined regimen with etesevimab remains unchanged. Etesevimab is a recombinant neutralizing human IgG1kappa mAb to the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2, with amino acid substitutions in the Fc region (L234A, L235A) to reduce effector function. Etesevimab binds the spike protein and blocks spike protein attachment to the human ACE2 receptor with an IC50value of 0.32 nM (0.046 μg/mL). Bamlanivimab and etesevimab bind to different but overlapping epitopes in the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the S-protein. Using both antibodies together is expected to reduce the risk of viral resistance.
lixisenatide A synthetic GLUCAGON-LIKE PEPTIDE-1 RECEPTOR (GLP-1) agonist that binds GLP-1 receptor that is used to control blood sugar levels in patients with TYPE 2 DIABETES; amino acid sequence is H-HGEGTFTSDLSKQMEEEAVRLFIEWLKNGGPSSGAPPSK KKKKK-NH2 (ZP10A).
etofibrate analog of clofibrate with nicotinic acid substituted on the 2-carbon of the ethyl ester group; structure; RN given refers to parent cpd
colestilan a 2-methylimidazole-epichlorohydrin polymer; bile acid and methotrexate anion-exchange resin
icosapent ethyl Icosapent ethyl is a stable ethyl ester of the omega-3 fatty acid, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). The mechanisms of action contributing to reduction of cardiovascular events with icosapent ethyl are not completely understood. The mechanisms are likely multi-factorial including improved lipoprotein profile with reduction of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects, reduction of macrophage accumulation, improved endothelial function, increased fibrous cap thickness/stability, and antiplatelet effects. Each of these mechanisms can beneficially alter the development, progression, and stabilisation of atherosclerotic plaque, as well as the implications of plaque rupture, and preclinical and clinical studies support such benefits with EPA. Systemic and localised anti-inflammatory effects of EPA may result from displacement of pro-inflammatory arachidonic acid (AA), directing catabolism away from eicosanoids (2-series prostaglandins and thromboxanes, and 4-series leukotrienes) to non- or anti-inflammatory mediators. However, the direct clinical meaning of individual findings is not clear.
sipavibart Sipavibart is a recombinant human IgG1 monoclonal antibody that provides passive immunisation by binding the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein receptor binding domain (RBD). Sipavibart is long-acting, with amino acid substitutions to extend antibody half-life (YTE) and to reduce antibody effector function and potential risk of antibody-dependent enhancement of disease (TM). Sipavibart binds to the spike protein RBD of SARS-CoV-2 (BA.2), blocking RBD binding to the human ACE2 receptor. This results in a blockade of virus entry.
omega-3-carboxylic acids Fish oil-derived free fatty acids including multiple omega-3 fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic acid [EPA] and docosahexaenoic acid [DHA] being the most abundant. The mechanism of action of omega-3-carboxylic acids is not completely understood. Potential mechanisms of action include inhibition of acyl-CoA:1,2-diacylglycerol acyltransferase, increased mitochondrial and peroxisomal beta-oxidation in the liver, decreased lipogenesis in the liver, and increased plasma lipoprotein lipase activity. Omega-3-carboxylic acids may reduce the synthesis of triglycerides in the liver because EPA and DHA are poor substrates for the enzymes responsible for TG synthesis, and EPA and DHA inhibit esterification of other fatty acids.
eladocagene exuparvovec Eladocagene exuparvovec is a gene therapy medicinal product that expresses the human aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase enzyme (hAADC). It is a non-replicating recombinant adeno-associated virus serotype 2 (AAV2) based vector containing the cDNA of the human dopa decarboxylase (DDC) gene under the control of the cytomegalovirus immediate-early promoter.
riluzole The etiology and pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) are not known, although a number of hypotheses have been advanced. One hypothesis is that motor neurons, made vulnerable through either genetic predisposition or environmental factors, are injured by glutamate. In some cases of familial ALS the enzyme superoxide dismutase has been found to be defective. The mode of action of riluzole is unknown. Its pharmacological properties include the following, some of which may be related to its effect: 1) an inhibitory effect on glutamate release, 2) inactivation of voltage-dependent sodium channels, and 3) ability to interfere with intracellular events that follow transmitter binding at excitatory amino acid receptors. Riluzole has also been shown, in a single study, to delay median time to death in a transgenic mouse model of ALS. These mice express human superoxide dismutase bearing one of the mutations found in one of the familial forms of human ALS. It is also neuroprotective in various in vivo experimental models of neuronal injury involving excitotoxic mechanisms. In in vitro tests, riluzole protected cultured rat motor neurons from the excitotoxic effects of glutamic acid and prevented the death of cortical neurons induced by anoxia. Due to its blockade of glutamatergic neurotransmission, riluzole also exhibits myorelaxant, sedative, and anticonvulsant properties.

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