levocarnitine 🐶 Veterinary Use | Indications/Contra | FAERs-F | FAERs-M | Orange Bk | BioActivity |

Stem definition	Drug id	CAS RN
	513	541-15-1

Description:

Molecule	Description
Molfile Inchi Smiles Synonyms: carnitine (-)-Carnitine (-)-L-Carnitine (R)-Carnitine carniking carnilean carnitene carnivit l-Carnitine levocarnitine levocarnitine hydrochloride levocarnitine HCl	A constituent of STRIATED MUSCLE and LIVER. It is an amino acid derivative and an essential cofactor for fatty acid metabolism. Molecular weight: 161.20 Formula: C7H15NO3 CLOGP: -7.73 LIPINSKI: 0 HAC: 4 HDO: 1 TPSA: 60.36 ALOGS: -1.60 ROTB: 4 Status: OFP Legend: OFP - off patent OFM - off market ONP - on patent

Molecule

Description

Molfile Inchi Smiles

Synonyms:

carnitine
(-)-Carnitine
(-)-L-Carnitine
(R)-Carnitine
carniking
carnilean
carnitene
carnivit
l-Carnitine
levocarnitine
levocarnitine hydrochloride
levocarnitine HCl

A constituent of STRIATED MUSCLE and LIVER. It is an amino acid derivative and an essential cofactor for fatty acid metabolism.

Molecular weight: 161.20
Formula: C7H15NO3
CLOGP: -7.73
LIPINSKI: 0
HAC: 4
HDO: 1
TPSA: 60.36
ALOGS: -1.60
ROTB: 4

Status: OFP

Legend:
OFP - off patent
OFM - off market
ONP - on patent

Drug dosage:

Dose	Unit	Route
2	g	O
2	g	P

ADMET properties:

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Property	Value	Reference
t_half (Half-life)	5 hours	Lombardo F, Berellini G, Obach RS
S (Water solubility)	32 mg/mL	Bocci G, Oprea TI, Benet LZ
MRTD (Maximum Recommended Therapeutic Daily Dose)	305.16 µM/kg/day	Contrera JF, Matthews EJ, Kruhlak NL, Benz RD
BA (Bioavailability)	15 %	Kim MT, Sedykh A, Chakravarti SK, Saiakhov RD, Zhu H
CL (Clearance)	1.60 mL/min/kg	Lombardo F, Berellini G, Obach RS
fu (Fraction unbound in plasma)	1 %	Lombardo F, Berellini G, Obach RS
BDDCS (Biopharmaceutical Drug Disposition Classification System)	1	Bocci G, Oprea TI, Benet LZ
Vd (Volume of distribution)	0.40 L/kg	Lombardo F, Berellini G, Obach RS

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Approvals:

Date	Agency	Company	Orphan
Dec. 27, 1985	FDA	SIGMA TAU

FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (Female)

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MedDRA adverse event term	Likelihood ratio	Likelihood ratio threshold	Patients taking drug having adverse event	Patients taking drug not having adverse event	Patients not taking drug having adverse event	Patients not taking drug not having adverse event
Fanconi syndrome	83.55	19.21	18	2914	1374	63484716
Seizure	76.72	19.21	57	2875	132577	63353513
Status epilepticus	72.31	19.21	27	2905	15206	63470884
Hypophosphataemic osteomalacia	52.10	19.21	9	2923	211	63485879
Nephrocalcinosis	43.09	19.21	10	2922	1068	63485022
Sudden infant death syndrome	36.39	19.21	7	2925	302	63485788
Urine calcium/creatinine ratio increased	35.94	19.21	6	2926	114	63485976
Mitochondrial cytopathy	31.61	19.21	6	2926	241	63485849
Pharyngeal abscess	24.75	19.21	5	2927	278	63485812
Hypophosphataemia	22.96	19.21	11	2921	11415	63474675

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FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (Male)

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MedDRA adverse event term	Likelihood ratio	Likelihood ratio threshold	Patients taking drug having adverse event	Patients taking drug not having adverse event	Patients not taking drug having adverse event	Patients not taking drug not having adverse event
Seizure	55.25	18.80	57	3093	104800	34848981
Dyschromatopsia	46.04	18.80	10	3140	401	34953380
Retinogram abnormal	31.31	18.80	6	3144	127	34953654
Hyperammonaemia	28.17	18.80	13	3137	6354	34947427
Zinc deficiency	23.16	18.80	4	3146	46	34953735
Pyrexia	20.43	18.80	71	3079	332942	34620839
Hepatocellular carcinoma	20.37	18.80	11	3139	7498	34946283
Status epilepticus	19.84	18.80	13	3137	12601	34941180
Upper respiratory tract inflammation	19.74	18.80	7	3143	1737	34952044
Ammonia increased	19.57	18.80	9	3141	4360	34949421

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FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (Geriatric)

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MedDRA adverse event term	Likelihood ratio	Likelihood ratio threshold	Patients taking drug having adverse event	Patients taking drug not having adverse event	Patients not taking drug having adverse event	Patients not taking drug not having adverse event
Seizure	81.08	17.20	82	5518	188752	79550036
Fanconi syndrome	76.91	17.20	21	5579	2835	79735953
Status epilepticus	74.55	17.20	36	5564	25005	79713783
Retinogram abnormal	44.08	17.20	9	5591	344	79738444
Hypophosphataemic osteomalacia	43.91	17.20	9	5591	351	79738437
Dyschromatopsia	41.20	17.20	10	5590	847	79737941
Hyperammonaemia	39.33	17.20	18	5582	11075	79727713
Ammonia increased	38.89	17.20	16	5584	7619	79731169
Nephrocalcinosis	35.63	17.20	10	5590	1492	79737296
Urine calcium/creatinine ratio increased	32.16	17.20	6	5594	142	79738646

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FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (Pediatric)

None

Pharmacologic Action:

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Source	Code	Description
ATC	A16AA01	ALIMENTARY TRACT AND METABOLISM OTHER ALIMENTARY TRACT AND METABOLISM PRODUCTS OTHER ALIMENTARY TRACT AND METABOLISM PRODUCTS Amino acids and derivatives
CHEBI has role	CHEBI:75771	Mus musculus metabolites
CHEBI has role	CHEBI:77746	Homo sapiens metabolite
CHEBI has role	CHEBI:27314	water-soluble vitamins
CHEBI has role	CHEBI:35679	antilipemic drugs
CHEBI has role	CHEBI:50733	Dietary Supplement
CHEBI has role	CHEBI:66980	intelligence enhancer
CHEBI has role	CHEBI:75772	S. cerevisiae metabolites
FDA CS	M0003493	Carnitine
FDA EPC	N0000175903	Carnitine Analog

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Drug Use | Suggest Off label Use Form| |View source of the data|

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Disease	Relation	SNOMED_ID	DOID
Carnitine deficiency	indication	421784001
Recovery during viral myocarditis	off-label use	89141000
Obstruction of bile duct	contraindication	30144000
Low blood pressure	contraindication	45007003
Blood coagulation disorder	contraindication	64779008	DOID:1247
Kidney disease	contraindication	90708001	DOID:557
Seizure disorder	contraindication	128613002
Disease of liver	contraindication	235856003	DOID:409
Vitamin K Deficiency Induced Hypoprothrombinemia	contraindication

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🐶 Veterinary Drug Use

None

🐶 Veterinary products

None

Acid dissociation constants calculated using MoKa v3.0.0

Dissociation level	Dissociation constant	Type (acidic/basic)
pKa1	3.86	acidic

Orange Book patent data (new drug applications)

None

Orange Book exclusivity data (new drug applications)

None

Bioactivity Summary:

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Target	Class	Pharos	UniProt	Type	Activity value (-log[M])	Bioact source
Carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase 1, liver isoform	Enzyme	P50416	CPT1A_HUMAN			WOMBAT-PK
Carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase 1, muscle isoform	Enzyme		CPT1B_RAT	Ki	4	CHEMBL
Carnitine palmitoyltransferase 2	Enzyme		CPT2_RAT	Ki	4	CHEMBL

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External reference:

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ID	Source
152	PDB_CHEM_ID
000932	NDDF
003576	NDDF
005071	NDDF
0G389FZZ9M	UNII
10540	MMSL
10917	PUBCHEM_CID
1426681	RXNORM
147388	MMSL
329486002	SNOMEDCT_US

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Pharmaceutical products:

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Product	Category	Ingredients	NDC	Form	Quantity	Route	Marketing	Label
CARDIO TONIC	HUMAN OTC DRUG LABEL	12	44911-0184	LIQUID	3 [hp_X]	ORAL	unapproved homeopathic	9 sections
CARNITOR	HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL	1	54482-144	TABLET	330 mg	ORAL	NDA	20 sections
CARNITOR	HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL	1	54482-144	TABLET	330 mg	ORAL	NDA	20 sections
Carnitor	HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL	1	54482-145	SOLUTION	1 g	ORAL	NDA	20 sections
Carnitor	HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL	1	54482-145	SOLUTION	1 g	ORAL	NDA	20 sections
Carnitor	HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL	1	54482-147	INJECTION, SOLUTION	1 g	INTRAVENOUS	NDA	20 sections
Carnitor	HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL	1	54482-147	INJECTION, SOLUTION	1 g	INTRAVENOUS	NDA	20 sections
Carnitor SF	HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL	1	54482-148	SOLUTION	1 g	ORAL	NDA	20 sections
Carnitor SF	HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL	1	54482-148	SOLUTION	1 g	ORAL	NDA	20 sections
IQQU Acne Serum	HUMAN OTC DRUG LABEL	3	50403-226	LOTION	0.01 g	TOPICAL	UNAPPROVED DRUG OTHER	9 sections

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