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valproic acid 🐶 Veterinary Use | Indications/Contra | FAERs-F | FAERs-M | Orange Bk | BioActivity |

Stem definition	Drug id	CAS RN
	2803	99-66-1

Description:

Molecule	Description
Molfile Inchi Smiles Synonyms: divalproex disodium valproic acid 2-Propylpentanoic acid dipropylacetic acid epival divalproex sodium depakote valdisoval valproate semisodium valproate sodium sodium valproate divalproex propylisopropylacetic acid magnesium valproate valproate calcium	A fatty acid with anticonvulsant and anti-manic properties that is used in the treatment of EPILEPSY and BIPOLAR DISORDER. The mechanisms of its therapeutic actions are not well understood. It may act by increasing GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID levels in the brain or by altering the properties of VOLTAGE-GATED SODIUM CHANNELS. Molecular weight: 144.21 Formula: C8H16O2 CLOGP: 2.76 LIPINSKI: 0 HAC: 2 HDO: 1 TPSA: 37.30 ALOGS: -1.79 ROTB: 5 Status: OFP Legend: OFP - off patent OFM - off market ONP - on patent

Molecule

Description

Molfile Inchi Smiles

Synonyms:

divalproex disodium
valproic acid
2-Propylpentanoic acid
dipropylacetic acid
epival
divalproex sodium
depakote
valdisoval
valproate semisodium
valproate sodium
sodium valproate
divalproex
propylisopropylacetic acid
magnesium valproate
valproate calcium

A fatty acid with anticonvulsant and anti-manic properties that is used in the treatment of EPILEPSY and BIPOLAR DISORDER. The mechanisms of its therapeutic actions are not well understood. It may act by increasing GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID levels in the brain or by altering the properties of VOLTAGE-GATED SODIUM CHANNELS.

Molecular weight: 144.21
Formula: C8H16O2
CLOGP: 2.76
LIPINSKI: 0
HAC: 2
HDO: 1
TPSA: 37.30
ALOGS: -1.79
ROTB: 5

Status: OFP

Legend:
OFP - off patent
OFM - off market
ONP - on patent

Drug dosage:

Dose	Unit	Route
1.50	g	O
1.50	g	P
1.50	g	R

ADMET properties:

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Property	Value	Reference
BA (Bioavailability)	99 %	Kim MT, Sedykh A, Chakravarti SK, Saiakhov RD, Zhu H
MRTD (Maximum Recommended Therapeutic Daily Dose)	289.15 µM/kg/day	Contrera JF, Matthews EJ, Kruhlak NL, Benz RD
t_half (Half-life)	12 hours	Lombardo F, Berellini G, Obach RS
EoM (Fraction excreted unchanged in urine)	1.80 %	Benet LZ, Broccatelli F, Oprea TI
S (Water solubility)	1.30 mg/mL	Benet LZ, Broccatelli F, Oprea TI
BDDCS (Biopharmaceutical Drug Disposition Classification System)	1	Benet LZ, Broccatelli F, Oprea TI
CL (Clearance)	0.16 mL/min/kg	Lombardo F, Berellini G, Obach RS
Vd (Volume of distribution)	0.14 L/kg	Lombardo F, Berellini G, Obach RS
fu (Fraction unbound in plasma)	0.08 %	Lombardo F, Berellini G, Obach RS

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Approvals:

Date	Agency	Company	Orphan
Feb. 28, 1978	FDA	ABBVIE

FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (Female)

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MedDRA adverse event term	Likelihood ratio	Likelihood ratio threshold	Patients taking drug having adverse event	Patients taking drug not having adverse event	Patients not taking drug having adverse event	Patients not taking drug not having adverse event
Seizure	1933.40	11.05	1783	121538	130851	63234850
Drug interaction	1256.14	11.05	1862	121459	227269	63138432
Hyperammonaemia	1198.76	11.05	432	122889	4800	63360901
Hyperammonaemic encephalopathy	1093.23	11.05	334	122987	2100	63363601
Status epilepticus	918.70	11.05	491	122830	14742	63350959
Somnolence	729.33	11.05	1271	122050	177414	63188287
Foetal anticonvulsant syndrome	667.00	11.05	168	123153	437	63365264
Toxicity to various agents	648.62	11.05	1461	121860	245789	63119912
Sopor	612.50	11.05	434	122887	21730	63343971
Epilepsy	606.27	11.05	467	122854	26598	63339103

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FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (Male)

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MedDRA adverse event term	Likelihood ratio	Likelihood ratio threshold	Patients taking drug having adverse event	Patients taking drug not having adverse event	Patients not taking drug having adverse event	Patients not taking drug not having adverse event
Seizure	1642.27	11.50	2028	133942	102829	34718132
Hyperammonaemia	1265.51	11.50	577	135393	5790	34815171
Drug interaction	1177.63	11.50	2661	133309	223285	34597676
Foetal anticonvulsant syndrome	965.51	11.50	302	135668	885	34820076
Dysmorphism	964.71	11.50	388	135582	2768	34818193
Aggression	927.45	11.50	939	135031	38025	34782936
Hyperammonaemic encephalopathy	802.29	11.50	312	135658	2012	34818949
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome	740.47	11.50	590	135380	17344	34803617
Foetal exposure during pregnancy	695.23	11.50	798	135172	37303	34783658
Status epilepticus	662.18	11.50	479	135491	12135	34808826

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FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (Geriatric)

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MedDRA adverse event term	Likelihood ratio	Likelihood ratio threshold	Patients taking drug having adverse event	Patients taking drug not having adverse event	Patients not taking drug having adverse event	Patients not taking drug not having adverse event
Seizure	2628.85	10.63	2801	200278	186033	79355276
Hyperammonaemia	2448.15	10.63	958	202121	10135	79531174
Drug interaction	2378.27	10.63	3983	199096	411200	79130109
Hyperammonaemic encephalopathy	1908.73	10.63	640	202439	4142	79537167
Status epilepticus	1453.18	10.63	864	202215	24177	79517132
Aggression	1298.18	10.63	1060	202019	49898	79491411
Somnolence	1208.54	10.63	2174	200905	236807	79304502
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome	1189.15	10.63	788	202291	26771	79514538
Sopor	1058.53	10.63	787	202292	32223	79509086
Epilepsy	959.55	10.63	811	202268	40049	79501260

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FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (Pediatric)

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MedDRA adverse event term	Likelihood ratio	Likelihood ratio threshold	Patients taking drug having adverse event	Patients taking drug not having adverse event	Patients not taking drug having adverse event	Patients not taking drug not having adverse event
Foetal anticonvulsant syndrome	149.99	22.92	41	839	0	88912
Congenital nose malformation	58.31	22.92	16	864	0	88912
Low set ears	42.14	22.92	15	865	20	88892
Dysmorphism	37.27	22.92	32	848	402	88510
Cardiomegaly	29.12	22.92	8	872	0	88912
Developmental delay	28.09	22.92	14	866	61	88851

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Pharmacologic Action:

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Source	Code	Description
ATC	N03AG01	NERVOUS SYSTEM ANTIEPILEPTICS ANTIEPILEPTICS Fatty acid derivatives
CHEBI has role	CHEBI:35477	antimanic drugs
CHEBI has role	CHEBI:35623	anticonvulsants
CHEBI has role	CHEBI:176497	geroprotectors
CHEBI has role	CHEBI:35471	psychotropic drugs
CHEBI has role	CHEBI:50905	teratogeno
CHEBI has role	CHEBI:61115	histone deacetylase inhibitors
CHEBI has role	CHEBI:63726	neuroprotective agents
FDA EPC	N0000175751	Mood Stabilizer
FDA EPC	N0000175753	Anti-epileptic Agent

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Drug Use | Suggest Off label Use Form| |View source of the data|

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Disease	Relation	SNOMED_ID	DOID
Absence seizure	indication	79631006
Epilepsy	indication	84757009	DOID:1826
Bipolar affective disorder, current episode manic	indication	191618007
Epilepsy characterized by intractable complex partial seizures	indication	442481002
Migraine Prevention	indication
Bipolar disorder	off-label use	13746004	DOID:3312
Mixed bipolar I disorder	off-label use	16506000	DOID:3312
Myoclonic seizure	off-label use	37356005
Bipolar disorder in remission	off-label use	85248005
Seizure disorder	off-label use	128613002

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🐶 Veterinary Drug Use

None

🐶 Veterinary products

None

Acid dissociation constants calculated using MoKa v3.0.0

Dissociation level	Dissociation constant	Type (acidic/basic)
pKa1	4.97	acidic

Orange Book patent data (new drug applications)

None

Orange Book exclusivity data (new drug applications)

None

Bioactivity Summary:

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Target	Class	Pharos	UniProt	Action	Type	Activity value (-log[M])	Bioact source	MoA source
Succinate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase, mitochondrial	Enzyme	P51649	SSDH_HUMAN	INHIBITOR			CHEMBL	CHEMBL
Histone deacetylase 2	Enzyme	Q92769	HDAC2_HUMAN		IC50	4.21	CHEMBL
Histone deacetylase 1	Enzyme	Q13547	HDAC1_HUMAN	INHIBITOR	IC50	6.40	IUPHAR
Alcohol dehydrogenase [NADP(+)]	Enzyme	P14550	AK1A1_HUMAN		IC50	4.30	CHEMBL
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-5	Enzyme	P35504	UD15_HUMAN				WOMBAT-PK
Alcohol dehydrogenase [NADP(+)]	Enzyme		AK1A1_PIG		IC50	4.05	CHEMBL
Aldose reductase	Enzyme		ALDR_RAT		IC50	4.25	CHEMBL
Aldose reductase	Enzyme		ALDR_BOVIN		IC50	4.24	CHEMBL
Alcohol dehydrogenase [NADP(+)]	Enzyme		AK1A1_RAT		IC50	4.30	CHEMBL
Aldose reductase-related protein 1	Enzyme		ALD1_RAT		IC50	4.25	CHEMBL

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External reference:

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ID	Source
2PP	PDB_CHEM_ID
001622	NDDF
001623	NDDF
001624	NDDF
006036	NDDF
007107	NDDF
1069-66-5	SECONDARY_CAS_RN
11118	RXNORM
13965000	SNOMEDCT_US
147344	MMSL

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Pharmaceutical products:

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Product	Category	Ingredients	NDC	Form	Quantity	Route	Marketing	Label
Depakote	HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL	1	0074-6212	TABLET, DELAYED RELEASE	125 mg	ORAL	NDA	31 sections
Depakote	HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL	1	0074-6212	TABLET, DELAYED RELEASE	125 mg	ORAL	NDA	31 sections
Depakote	HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL	1	0074-6212	TABLET, DELAYED RELEASE	125 mg	ORAL	NDA	31 sections
Depakote	HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL	1	0074-6214	TABLET, DELAYED RELEASE	250 mg	ORAL	NDA	31 sections
Depakote	HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL	1	0074-6214	TABLET, DELAYED RELEASE	250 mg	ORAL	NDA	31 sections
Depakote	HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL	1	0074-6214	TABLET, DELAYED RELEASE	250 mg	ORAL	NDA	31 sections
Depakote	HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL	1	0074-6215	TABLET, DELAYED RELEASE	500 mg	ORAL	NDA	31 sections
Depakote	HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL	1	0074-6215	TABLET, DELAYED RELEASE	500 mg	ORAL	NDA	31 sections
Depakote	HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL	1	0074-6215	TABLET, DELAYED RELEASE	500 mg	ORAL	NDA	31 sections
Depakote	HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL	1	0074-7325	TABLET, DELAYED RELEASE	125 mg	ORAL	NDA	31 sections

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